Accuracy of implant placement via dynamic navigation and autonomous robotic computer-assisted implant surgery methods: A retrospective study

Objective: Optimal implant planning and placement allows the prosthesis to be well designed to achieve a satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcome. We aimed to compare deviations between implant planning and placement with the assistance of dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (d-CAIS) or autonomous robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) methods in a clinical setting. Methods: The retrospective analysis of medical records between 2021 July and 2022 December was conducted to compare the implantation accuracy of the d-CAIS and r-CAIS system in partially edentulous patients through cone-beam computed tomography. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were recorded using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the data distribution. Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test was used as appropriate, with a defined significant difference (p < .05).Results: Seventy-seven patients were analysed (124 implants), with 38 patients (62 implants) in the d-CAIS group and 39 patients (62 implants) in the r-CAIS group. The differences between d-CAIS and r-CAIS were 4.09 +/- 1.79 degrees versus 1.37 +/- 0.92 degrees (p < .001) in angular deviation; 1.25 +/- 0.54 versus 0.68 +/- 0.36 mm (p < .001) in coronal global deviation; 1.39 +/- 0.52 versus 0.69 +/- 0.36 mm (p < .001) in apical global deviation; the results of the PROMs showed no statistical difference between the two groups.Conclusions: r-CAIS allows more accurate implant placement than the d-CAIS technology. And both groups achieved overall satisfactory outcomes via VAS (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300072004).

Automated summary

This study compared the deviations between implant planning and placement using dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (d-CAIS) and autonomous robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) methods. The results showed that r-CAIS achieved more accurate implant placement compared to d-CAIS, with no significant difference in patient satisfaction between the two groups.