Photocatalytic conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran by S-scheme black phosphorus/CdIn2S4 heterojunction

To reduce the dependence on fossil energy, the use of photocatalytic technology value-added conversion of biomass platform molecules has been widely studied. Photocatalytic materials with high photogenerated carrier separation and migration efficiency are key to realizing the molecular value-added conversion of biomass platforms. In this study, a simple and effective method prepared the 2D-3D heterojunction structure of black phosphorus/CdIn2S4 for biomass value-added conversion. The use of this catalyst for the photocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran gave excellent performance under ambient conditions without any additives. Compared with pure CdIn2S4, the black phosphorus/CdIn2S4 heterojunction has higher photocatalytic selective oxidation activity. The photocatalytic mechanism of S-type heterojunctions with high photogenerated carrier separation and migration efficiency is proposed based on the relevant characterization and DFT simulations. Through a capture agent experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the main intermediates in the reaction were determined to be holes (h(+)) and the superoxide radical (center dot O-2(-)), and the reaction pathway of HMF photocatalytic conversion to DFF was further determined. This paper provides new ideas for S-type heterostructure construction and photocatalytic conversion of biomass platform molecules.

Automated summary

To reduce fossil energy dependence, the photocatalytic technology for value-added conversion of biomass platform molecules has been widely studied. In this study, a 2D-3D heterojunction structure of black phosphorus/CdIn2S4 was prepared and used for biomass value-added conversion. The black phosphorus/CdIn2S4 heterojunction exhibited higher photocatalytic selective oxidation activity compared to pure CdIn2S4. The photocatalytic mechanism of S-type heterojunctions with high photogenerated carrier separation and migration efficiency was proposed based on characterization and simulations.