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Article
Thermodynamics
Haobing Zhou et al.
Summary: A thermal management scheme integrating a half helical coil and air jet impingement is proposed for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries. The scheme transfers heat from the sides of the batteries through helical flow and dissipates heat from the ends through air jet impingement. The results show that this scheme significantly reduces temperature difference and maximum temperature compared to liquid-based cooling.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hong Shi et al.
Summary: This paper proposes a BTMS system that integrates air cooling channels, fins, and phase change materials to improve the thermal performance of the battery. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method is used to analyze the balance between temperature uniformity and lightness of the system, and the results show that increasing the PCM thickness and fin height leads to increased weight and liquid fraction, respectively.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanqi Zhao et al.
Summary: The battery thermal management system is crucial for electric vehicles. This study established a battery pack consisting of 20 cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, along with a copper foam/paraffin composite phase change material and liquid cooling channels. A numerical model based on a physical model was built and validated by experimental results. The experimental and numerical tests showed that elevated Reynold numbers (Re) can increase temperature non-uniformity within the battery pack, and temperature differences decrease with further improvement of Re. Under 0.5C discharge, the maximum temperature difference (Delta Tmax) within different cells increased from 0.2 to 1.2 K as Re increased from 0 to 28, and then decreased to 0.4 K as Re increased to 112. The study also revealed the impact of current rate on battery temperature and Delta Tmax. Under different ambient temperatures, liquid cooling was found to be necessary for either warming up the battery in a cold environment or reducing the maximum temperature in a hot environment. Compared to pure phase change material (PCM) cooling, the hybrid PCM/liquid cooling resulted in an 8 K temperature increase and a 13 K temperature decrease at the end of discharge under a low initial temperature of 288 K and a high initial temperature of 318 K.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wen Yang et al.
Summary: This paper studies the thermal performance of air-cooled battery thermal management (BTM) for honeycomb-type cylindrical lithium-ion battery pack. It proposes the design of an air distribution plate (ADP) for improving temperature consistency and analyzes the cooling performance and velocity distribution using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that the ADP battery module reduces the maximum temperature and temperature difference compared to the normal module, and the temperature difference can be maintained within 2 K with improved ADP structure and bionic heat sinks.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Huizhu Yang et al.
Summary: In this study, a hybrid liquid cold plate design with Z-type parallel cooling channel and PCM/aluminum foam composite, along with a delayed cooling strategy, is proposed for battery thermal management systems. Nine different cold plate designs, including one baseline cold plate without PCM composite and eight hybrid cold plates with PCM composite, are systematically analyzed to demonstrate the superior cooling performance of the proposed design. The results show that the optimum hybrid cold plate design can achieve a significant reduction in the total pumping power while maintaining the same cooling performance compared to the baseline cold plate at different battery discharge rates.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yuge Ouyang et al.
Summary: This paper reviews the current progress in the development of Al2O3 reinforced polymer composites, including preparation methods, heat conduction mechanisms, factors affecting thermal conductivity, methods for improving thermal conductivity, and emerging applications. It also identifies several outstanding issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve higher thermal conductivity.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yiwei Fan et al.
Summary: This study designed a novel (anode, cathode) double-layer tree-like channel cooling plate, optimized the structural parameters, successfully reduced the maximum temperature and standard deviation of surface temperature, improved the heat dissipation performance, and also reduced the pressure drop.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Feng Yi et al.
Summary: The study investigated the impact of parameters such as spacing, material content, battery direction, coolant flow rate, and pipe diameter on the performance of the composite cooling system, revealing that proper parameter configuration can effectively enhance the thermal performance of the system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Qianqian Xin et al.
Summary: A hybrid cooling system composed of composite phase change material and counterflow liquid cooling is designed to improve the thermal performance of lithium-ion batteries under high ambient temperatures and high discharge rates. The study investigates the effects of different parameters, such as composite phase change material thicknesses, coolant flow directions, expanded graphite mass fractions, coolant velocities, and coolant temperatures, on the maximum temperature and temperature uniformity of the battery module. The results show that the hybrid cooling configuration can handle rapid discharging even under a high ambient environment and effectively improve the thermal safety of batteries.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Flavia Barbosa et al.
Summary: The enhancement of the multiple jet impingement process relies on the analysis of geometrical and flow parameters and their influence on flow dynamics and heat transfer. The Taguchi's method is implemented to optimize the experiments and provide comparative parameter analysis. Results show that the optimized configuration leads to improved heat transfer, and PIV measurements validate the suitability of Taguchi's method for complex multiple jet impingement processes. Relevant data and new correlations are presented.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pranjali R. Tete et al.
Summary: The thermal management of Lithium-Ion batteries in the automobile industry is crucial, and a novel design of a battery pack with liquid cooling is proposed. Numerical simulations and thermal analysis are conducted to evaluate the performance of the battery cooling system.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. Hekmat et al.
Summary: To enhance the performance and life span of a Li-ion battery module, it is essential to ensure a uniform temperature distribution. A novel hybrid battery thermal management system is proposed in this study, which can achieve a perfect temperature distribution under different discharge rates and coolant flow rates.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Amirhosein Sarchami et al.
Summary: This study numerically analyzed an innovative liquid cooling system to improve the temperature distribution and cooling capacity of a battery's thermal management system. The results showed that adding alumina nanofluid significantly reduced the highest temperature and temperature non-uniformity of the battery module. Furthermore, using a stair channel cooling design further decreased the temperature non-uniformity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
R. Cagtay Sahin et al.
Summary: Lithium-ion battery packs are preferred in electrical vehicles (EVs) for their efficient and stable characteristics. This study offers a novel design method for cylindrical cells by evaluating the effect of various baffles on the cooling performance and pressure drop of an air-cooled battery module.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Furen Zhang et al.
Summary: This paper proposes a comprehensive optimization scheme to improve the cooling performance of battery thermal management systems (BTMS) by adding secondary outlets and baffles. The influences of the number and width of secondary outlets and baffles on cooling performance were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and validated through experimental tests. The results demonstrate significant reductions in maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference after optimization, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method in designing BTMS for electric vehicles.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chun Wang et al.
Summary: This paper proposes a thermal management system model that combines extra vents and reciprocating airflow, which can provide a more uniform temperature field. The experimental results show that the system can significantly reduce the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Seokkan Ki et al.
Summary: Development of an effective battery thermal management system is crucial for increasing battery lifetime and reliable operation. Liquid cooling is a promising strategy due to its high heat transfer coefficient. However, conventional liquid cooling modules require high pumping power and induce high-temperature deviation. Researchers propose an energy-efficient liquid cooling module incorporating flow distributors connected to a porous metal layer.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mashhour A. Alazwari et al.
Summary: This study aims to improve the thermophysical properties of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems by adding various nano-additives to accelerate the melting process. The experimental results show that adding carbon-based nanomaterials significantly reduces the melting time, while metal nanoparticles impair the melting performance. The addition of metal oxide nanoparticles does not provide any substantial advantage to the system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Huaqiang Liu et al.
Summary: This study improved the performance of the thermal management system for lithium-ion batteries by adding intersecting channels into the conventional serpentine channel. The results showed that adding intersecting channels could significantly reduce the pumping power and enhance the thermal performance. The number, width, and angle of the intersecting channels were found to have optimum values within the studied range. Additionally, a gradient intersecting spacing was developed to alleviate temperature imbalance within the battery.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohsen Akbarzadeh et al.
Summary: This study compared the effect of air type and liquid type thermal management systems on a high-energy lithium-ion battery module, investigating the parasitic power consumption and cooling performance of a 48V module. The results showed that the liquid type thermal management system can achieve lower module temperatures and better temperature uniformity under a certain power consumption. This research represents a step towards the development of energy-efficient battery thermal management systems.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jasim M. Mahdi et al.
Summary: The study investigated the melting/solidification process in metal foam saturated with phase change material using numerical methods, evaluating the system's performance in different operational modes. The results showed that the use of metal foam and phase change material contributed to uniform heat exchange and efficient space heating. Additionally, the porosity and temperature distribution were found to be closely related to the solidification process.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Maohua Li et al.
Summary: Polymer composites with high thermal conductivity, achieved by aligning carbon fibers under stress, have been developed. These composites exhibit a thermal conductivity as high as 32.6 W m(-1) K-1. Comparison of carbon fiber alignment conditions in different composites was conducted using micro compute tomography and scanning electron microscopy.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wen Yang et al.
Summary: A novel honeycomb-like battery thermal management system with bionic liquid mini-channel and phase change materials is proposed to enhance the working performance of lithium-ion batteries. Computational fluid dynamics and a second-order equivalent circuit model are utilized to numerically investigate the thermal performance of the battery module. The use of a hexagonal cooling plate design, along with back propagation neural networks to estimate appropriate inlet flow rates, helps stabilize the battery module's temperature within desired limits.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Huaqiang Liu et al.
Summary: A hybrid system combining PCM/copper foam with helical liquid channels was proposed and investigated numerically, showing more than 30 K temperature drop compared to natural convection. Various factors such as helical pitch, diameter, tube number, flow velocity, foam porosity, and pore density were studied to optimize battery temperature control.
Article
Thermodynamics
Lei Sheng et al.
Summary: The study found that interlaced flow directions can result in lower temperature standard deviation and more uniform thermal distribution, while increasing fluid flow rate and channel size can enhance the performance of the cellular cooling plate. Glycol aqueous solution is more effective in reducing temperature difference and standard deviation of the cells compared to liquid water.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiahao Cao et al.
Summary: A delayed cooling system coupling composite phase change material (CPCM) and nano phase change material emulsion (NPCME) is proposed to improve the working performance of lithium-ion batteries under long-term charge-discharge cycles. The system offers better cooling performance than conventional systems, significantly reduces power consumption, and maintains stable battery temperatures and temperature differences without sacrificing cooling performance.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
O. Elsewify et al.
Summary: A new battery thermal management system with an internal cooling channel is proposed to improve the thermal performance of lithium-ion battery cells. The study shows that optimizing channel size, location, and inlet velocity can reduce peak temperature and average cell temperature significantly.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Meng Li et al.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2020)
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Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Mahdi Heyhat et al.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2020)
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Xiang Zhang et al.
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Zhiguo An et al.
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