期刊
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
卷 4, 期 10, 页码 5248-5257出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01241
关键词
Antioxidant; Lignin; Polypropylene; Butylation; Compatibility; Thermal stability; Oxidation induction time; PP aging
资金
- China Scholarship Council [20133009]
- Academy of Finland through its Center of Excellence Program Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic Hybrid Materials Research (HYBER)
The effect of phenolic hydroxyl group content and molecular mass of a technical lignin on the thermo-oxidation resistance and compatibility with polypropylene (PP) was studied by a combination of approaches, including P-31 NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetry (TG), dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), accelerated aging tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The compatibility of lignin with PP upon melt compounding in a screw system was improved after modification of lignin with n-butyric anhydride. The thermal oxidation stability of films of PP blends, as measured in an oxygen atmosphere, was increased by low addition levels of the butylated lignins while maintaining, and in some cases improving, their thermo-mechanical performance. Notably, the oxidation induction time (OIT) and induction aging time of PP blended with butylated lignins (<5% loadings) reached maximum values of 16 min and 576 h, respectively, indicating an effect equivalent to that of commercial antioxidants. It is concluded that an increased compatibility with PP can be achieved by more extensive lignin butylation (higher degree of OH substitution), but this also limits the OIT and thermal-oxidative stability of the blend, indicating a trade-off between compatibility and antioxidant capability.
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