☆ 4.5 Review

Fifty years devoted to anaerobes: historical, lessons, and highlights

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Microbiology

Characterization of mobile genetic elements in multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolates from different hospitals in the Netherlands

K. E. Boiten et al.

Summary: Five clinical multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolates, with resistance to meropenem and metronidazole, were recovered in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2020. Through sequencing and assembly, various mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were identified. This study discovered novel CTns, Tns, and plasmids in these MDR B. fragilis isolates, expanding our understanding of multidrug resistance and horizontal gene transfer in anaerobic bacteria.

ANAEROBE (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

In vivo emergence of a still uncommon resistance to fidaxomicin in the urgent antimicrobial resistance threat Clostridioides difficile

Helene Marchandin et al.

Summary: This study reported a case of fidaxomicin-resistant C. difficile infection in a patient treated with fidaxomicin, characterized the genetic determinant for resistance and its effects on pathophysiological traits, and reviewed relevant literature. The observation supports the need for prospective surveillance of C. difficile susceptibility to treatment antibiotics.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2023)

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Article Microbiology

Understanding antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Finegoldia magna: an insight to an untrodden path

Seema Shetty et al.

Summary: This study aimed to analyze the role of F. magna in clinical infections and evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 42 clinical isolates of F. magna, and it was found that all isolates showed good susceptibility to metronidazole, cefoxitin, linezolid, and chloramphenicol. Resistance to clindamycin and penicillin was observed in 9.5% and 2.4% of isolates, respectively, but no beta-lactamase activity was detected.

ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS (2023)

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Article Microbiology

High prevalence of cfiA positive Bacteroides fragilis isolates collected at a teaching hospital in Hohhot, China

Yanyan Wang et al.

Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of cfiA-positive B. fragilis clinical isolates in a tertiary hospital in China, and found a high prevalence of cfiA among B. fragilis isolates, especially in pediatric patients.

ANAEROBE (2023)

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Article Microbiology

Antimicrobial-resistant Bacteroides fragilis in Thailand and their inhibitory effect in vitro on the growth of Clostridioides difficile

Korakrit Imwattana et al.

Summary: This study investigated antimicrobial-resistant Bacteroides fragilis in Thailand and its potential effects on human health and disease. The results showed a high prevalence of clindamycin (71%), meropenem (47%), and moxifloxacin (29%) resistance in the strains tested. Most strains remained susceptible to metronidazole, but one strain had high-level resistance due to a nimD-containing plasmid. B. fragilis exhibited an inhibitory effect on the growth of Clostridioides difficile, and a drug-resistant strain maintained this inhibition in the presence of clindamycin.

ANAEROBE (2022)

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Article Immunology

Emergence of Clinical Clostridioides difficile Isolates With Decreased Susceptibility to Vancomycin

Charles Darkoh et al.

Summary: A study found that vancomycin nonsusceptible strains of Clostridioides difficile are circulating in patient populations, posing a serious challenge to treatment as vancomycin is a first-line antibiotic for CDI. Routine susceptibility testing may be necessary.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Comparative Genomics of Bacteroides fragilis Group Isolates Reveals Species-Dependent Resistance Mechanisms and Validates Clinical Tools for Resistance Prediction

Miranda J. Wallace et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates species-specific patterns in antimicrobial resistance within the Bacteroides fragilis group (BFG) by using comparative genomics, validating new strategies for species-level organism identification and phenotypic resistance prediction in a routine clinical laboratory setting. The research emphasizes the importance of understanding and managing anaerobic infections, as well as the need for further investigations into the molecular basis for species-specific resistance patterns.

MBIO (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Genetic Mechanisms of Vancomycin Resistance in Clostridioides difficile: A Systematic Review

Taryn A. Eubank et al.

Summary: Antimicrobial resistance in Clostridioides difficile infection poses a major threat to global health. While oral vancomycin is commonly used to treat CDI, there is a lack of susceptibility testing in clinical labs, making it challenging to detect and monitor resistance. This systematic review explores the gene determinants and mechanisms of vancomycin resistance in C. difficile and highlights the need for further research to understand their clinical impact.

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Anaerobic bloodstream infections in Italy (ITANAEROBY): A 5-year retrospective nationwide survey

Stefano Di Bella et al.

Summary: This study provides updated data on the burden and profile of anaerobic bloodstream infections (ABIs) in Italy. The findings show that the average age of ABIs patients is relatively high, with a majority being males. The susceptibility testing of antibiotics reveals a low resistance rate to metronidazole and a high resistance rate to penicillin among anaerobes. The resistance of Bacteroides spp. to clindamycin has increased over the study period. These results offer a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of ABIs.

ANAEROBE (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Heteroresistant Bacteroides fragilis Strains

Zain Baaity et al.

Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Bacteroides fragilis strains can emerge through insertion sequence (IS) jump into the cfiA carbapenemase gene, leading to heterogeneous resistance (HR) phenotypes without IS element activations. The study aimed to characterize HR using phenotypic and molecular methods, with population analysis profile (PAP) and area under curve (AUC) measurements as the best prognostic markers. Imipenem HR is triggered by imipenem, and the altered imipenemase production may mediate carbapenem heteroresistance of the B. fragilis strains in a stochastic manner.

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2022)

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Review Microbiology

Carbapenem resistance in Bacteroides fragilis: A review of molecular mechanisms

Mina Yekani et al.

Summary: Carbapenems are broad-spectrum antibiotics effective against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Bacteroides fragilis, a commonly encountered anaerobic bacteria, exhibits resistance to various antibiotics. Carbapenems are among the most effective drugs against resistant strains of B. fragilis. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance is crucial for selecting alternative antimicrobial agents and implementing control strategies.

ANAEROBE (2022)

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Review Microbiology

Correlation between antibiotic resistance and clinical outcome of anaerobic infections; mini-review

Luc Dubreuil et al.

Summary: In anaerobic infections, particularly in mixed infections, the relationship between clinical failure and antibiotic resistance is difficult to demonstrate. Many therapeutic failures could be linked to the lack of timely detection of resistance, including heteroresistance of anaerobes.

ANAEROBE (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Molecular characterization of metronidazole resistant Bacteroides strains from Kuwait

Zain Baaity et al.

Summary: Research on metronidazole resistant Bacteroides and Phocaeicola dorei strains from Kuwait revealed the presence of resistant plasmids carrying nimE genes, as well as the tendency towards multidrug resistance among some strains. This suggests a need for adherence to antibiotic stewardship recommendations to address difficulties in treatment.

ANAEROBE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes in Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains isolated in Germany

Sebastian Martin Michael Rong et al.

Summary: The study found a diversity of antibiotic resistance genes in Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains, with tetQ, cfiA, ermF being the most frequently detected genes. Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was mainly linked to the presence of cfiA gene, while resistance to clindamycin was associated with ermG and ermF genes.

JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

First Case of Bacteraemia Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteroides faecis

Charlotte Kaeuffer et al.

Summary: This case report describes the first case of bacteremia caused by a multidrug-resistant Bacteroides faecis producing a carbapenemase encoded by the bla(CfiA) gene. Despite the patient's clinical improvement, there is a call for better understanding of anaerobic bacteria and the establishment of a systematic antimicrobial stewardship program.

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2021)

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Article Microbiology

UK Bacteroides species surveillance survey: Change in antimicrobial resistance over 16 years (2000e2016)

Sarah Copsey-Mawer et al.

Summary: This study assessed the differences in antimicrobial susceptibility of UK Bacteroides species from 2000 to 2016, revealing an overall increase in non-susceptible isolates between the two cohorts. The antibiogram of Bacteroides species in the UK is no longer predictable, with rare but rising multi-drug resistant isolates requiring testing to guide therapy. Monitoring resistance trends and developing standardized antimicrobial susceptibility testing methodology for clinical laboratories are essential.

ANAEROBE (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Antimicrobial resistance in Clostridioides difficile

Keeley O'Grady et al.

Summary: This review discusses the genetics of AMR in Clostridioides difficile as well as the factors affecting the clear determination of AMR burden in this bacterium and its impact on CDI treatment.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of Clostridioides difficile

Ishani Wickramage et al.

Summary: Clostridioides difficile (CD) is a major concern as one of the top five antibiotic resistance threats in the USA, with a global increase in multidrug resistance and emergence of more virulent strains. Understanding the evolving antibiotic resistance mechanisms of CD is crucial for guiding antibiotic stewardship policies and developing new therapeutic targets. Epidemiological surveillance and strain-specific characteristics are key in combating the spread of resistance genes among different CD strains.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2021)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Multiresistance gene cfr(C) in Clostridium perfringens of cattle origin from China

Shihong Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

An update on ampicillin resistance and β-lactamase genes of Bacteroides spp.

József Sóki et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci Responsible for Human Invasive Infections

Francois Guerin et al.

Summary: The aim of this multicentre study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility to anti-anaerobic antibiotics of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) isolates responsible for invasive infections in humans. All isolates showed susceptibility to imipenem, vancomycin, linezolid, and metronidazole, while variation was observed in the susceptibility to other antibiotics such as amoxicillin, piperacillin, and cefotaxime. Resistance to clindamycin was detected in a subset of isolates, with various mechanisms identified.

MICROORGANISMS (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Broth Microdilution and Gradient Diffusion Strips vs. Reference Agar Dilution Method: First Evaluation for Clostridiales Species Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Florian Baquer et al.

Summary: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobes remains challenging, with differences in sensitivity to different antibiotics among different methods. Multicenter studies are needed to validate the results.

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2021)

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Article Microbiology

cfr(B), cfr(C), and a New cfr-Like Gene, cfr(E), in Clostridium difficile Strains Recovered across Latin America

Vanja Stojkovic et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of anaerobic bacteria, isolated from human clinical specimens, within different European and surrounding countries. A joint ESGAI study

A. C. M. Veloo et al.

ANAEROBE (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Spectrum of Beta-Lactamase Inhibition by the Cyclic Boronate QPX7728, an Ultrabroad-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor of Serine and Metallo-Beta-Lactamases: Enhancement of Activity of Multiple Antibiotics against Isogenic Strains Expressing Single Beta-Lactamases

Olga Lomovskaya et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Improvement of a disk diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria. French recommendations revisited for 2020

L. Dubreuil

ANAEROBE (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria by broth microdilution method using the MICRONAUT-S Anaerobes MIC plates

Miriam Cordovana et al.

ANAEROBE (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of clinically significant Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria in a Greek tertiary-care hospital, 2017-2019

Sofia Maraki et al.

ANAEROBE (2020)

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Article Microbiology

In Vitro Activity of Tedizolid Compared to Linezolid and Five Other Antimicrobial Agents against 332 Anaerobic Isolates, Including Bacteroides fragilis Group, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Veillonella Species

Ellie J. C. Goldstein et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2020)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Mobile oxazolidinone/phenicol resistance gene optrA in chicken Clostridium perfringens

Yuqing Zhou et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Gram-positive Anaerobic Cocci: Data of a University Hospital in Turkey

Oncu Akgul et al.

MIKROBIYOLOJI BULTENI (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Characterization of a clinical Clostridioides difficile isolate with markedly reduced fidaxomicin susceptibility and a V1143D mutation in rpoB

Julian Schwanbeck et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2019)

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Article Microbiology

Multidrug resistance in anaerobes

Lyudmila Boyanova et al.

FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Complete hybrid genome assembly of clinical multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolates enables comprehensive identification of antimicrobial-resistance genes and plasmids

Thomas Sydenham et al.

MICROBIAL GENOMICS (2019)

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Review Microbiology

High prevalence of division II (cfiA positive) isolates among blood stream Bacteroides fragilis in Slovenia as determined by MALDI-TOF MS

Samo Jeverica et al.

ANAEROBE (2019)

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Review Microbiology

Metronidazole resistance and nim genes in anaerobes: A review

Corentine Alauzet et al.

ANAEROBE (2019)

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Article Microbiology

Bacteroides fragilis: A whole MALDI-based workflow from identification to confirmation of carbapenemase production for routine laboratories

M. Cordovana et al.

ANAEROBE (2018)

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Review Infectious Diseases

How to isolate, identify and determine antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in routine laboratories

E. Nagy et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2018)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Mechanisms of Bacteroides fragilis resistance to metronidazole

Reza Ghotaslou et al.

INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION (2018)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Three metronidazole-resistant Prevotella bivia strains harbour a mobile element, encoding a novel nim gene, nimK, and an efflux small MDR transporter

A. C. M. Veloo et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2018)

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Article Microbiology

The role of efflux pumps in Bacteroides fragilis resistance to antibiotics

Reza Ghotaslou et al.

MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2018)

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Article Pathology

Gram negative anaerobe susceptibility testing in clinical isolates using Sensititre and Etest methods

C. Hughes et al.

PATHOLOGY (2018)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Whole genome sequencing and function prediction of 133 gut anaerobes isolated from chicken caecum in pure cultures

Matej Medvecky et al.

BMC GENOMICS (2018)

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Article Infectious Diseases

A comparison of Sensititre Anaerobe MIC plate with ATB ANA® test for the routine susceptibility testing of common anaerobe pathogens

Abdessalam Cherkaoui et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2018)

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Article Microbiology

Intrinsic Class D β-Lactamases of Clostridium difficile

Marta Toth et al.

MBIO (2018)

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Article Microbiology

Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains

Ellie J. C. Goldstein et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2018)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Phenotypic detection of the cfiA metallo-β-lactamase in Bacteroides fragilis with the meropenem-EDTA double-ended Etest and the ROSCO KPC/MBL Confirm Kit

Simon A. Schwensen et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2017)

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Review Microbiology

Update on Antimicrobial Resistance in Clostridium difficile: Resistance Mechanisms and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Zhong Peng et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

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Article Microbiology

Infected breast cyst due to Prevotella buccae resistant to metronidazole

Fernando Cobo et al.

ANAEROBE (2017)

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Article Microbiology

Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteremia in an acute care hospital

Thean Yen Tan et al.

ANAEROBE (2017)

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Article Microbiology

The underappreciated in vitro activity of tedizolid against Bacteroides fragilis species, including strains resistant to metronidazole and carbapenems

Ellie J. C. Goldstein et al.

ANAEROBE (2017)

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Article Microbiology

In Vitro Evaluation of the Activity of Imipenem-Relebactam against 451 Recent Clinical Isolates of Bacteroides Group and Related Species

David R. Snydman et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2016)

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Article Infectious Diseases

A penicillin- and metronidazole-resistant Clostridium botulinum strain responsible for an infant botulism case

C. Mazuet et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2016)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Emergence and evolution of an international cluster of MDR Bacteroides fragilis isolates

Jozsef Soki et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2016)

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Article Microbiology

Recent evolution of antibiotic resistance in the anaerobes as compared to previous decades

Lyudmila Boyanova et al.

ANAEROBE (2015)

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Article Microbiology

Development of EUCAST disk diffusion method for susceptibility testing of the Bacteroides fragilis group isolates

Elisabeth Nagy et al.

ANAEROBE (2015)

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Article Microbiology

Metronidazole- and Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Isolated in Rochester, Minnesota, in 2014

Sapna P. Sadarangani et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2015)

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Article Microbiology

Evaluation of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci Isolated from Cancer Patients of the N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center

Irina I. Shilnikova et al.

JOURNAL OF PATHOGENS (2015)

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Review Microbiology

Antianaerobic Antimicrobials: Spectrum and Susceptibility Testing

Itzhak Brook et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2013)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Molecular analysis of the carbapenem and metronidazole resistance mechanisms of Bacteroides strains reported in a Europe-wide antibiotic resistance survey

Jozsef Soki et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2013)

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Article Microbiology

Pump it up: Occurrence and regulation of multi-drug efflux pumps in Bacteroides fragilis

Hannah M. Wexler

ANAEROBE (2012)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Clostridium celerecrescens, often misidentified as Clostridium clostridioforme group, is involved in rare human infection cases

Philippe Bouvet et al.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2012)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Anti-anaerobic activity of a new β-lactamase inhibitor NXL104 in combination with β-lactams and metronidazole

J. Dubreuil et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2012)

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Article Microbiology

The value of MALDI-TOF MS for the identification of clinically relevant anaerobic bacteria in routine laboratories

Elisabeth Nagy et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Microbiology

Multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis group on the rise in Europe?

G. N. Hartmeyer et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Microbiology

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinically Relevant Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci Collected over a Three-Year Period in the Netherlands

A. C. M. Veloo et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2011)

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Article Microbiology

In Vitro Activity of Ceftazidime-NXL104 against 396 Strains of β-Lactamase-Producing Anaerobes

Diane M. Citron et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2011)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates in Europe: 20 years of experience

E. Nagy et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2011)

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Article Microbiology

Clostridium clostridioforme and Atopobium minutum Clinical Isolates with VanB-Type Resistance in France

Jean-Christophe Marvaud et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2011)

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Article Microbiology

Species Identification of Clinical Isolates of Anaerobic Bacteria: a Comparison of Two Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Systems

Ulrik Stenz Justesen et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2011)

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Article Microbiology

Differentiation of division I (cfiA-negative) and division II (cfiA-positive) Bacteroides fragilis strains by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Elisabeth Nagy et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2011)

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Article Microbiology

Anaerobic bacteria and antibiotics: What kind of unexpected resistance could I find in my laboratory tomorrow?

L. Dubreuil et al.

ANAEROBE (2010)

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Article Microbiology

Metronidazole Resistance in Prevotella spp. and Description of a New nim Gene in Prevotella baroniae

C. Alauzet et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2010)

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Article Microbiology

16S rRNA Gene Sequencing in Routine Identification of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated from Blood Cultures

Ulrik Stenz Justesen et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2010)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Clinical and microbiological profiles of community-acquired and nosocomial intra-abdominal infections: results of the French prospective, observational EBIIA study

Philippe Montravers et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2009)

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Article Microbiology

Determination of antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinically isolated anaerobic bacteria by E-test, ATB-ANA and agar dilution

Ozgur Koru et al.

ANAEROBE (2008)

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Article Infectious Diseases

European surveillance study on antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci

J. Brazier et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2008)

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Article Microbiology

Metronidazole resistance in Clostridium difficile is heterogeneous

T. Pelaez et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2008)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Examination of cfiA-mediated carbapenem resistance in Bacteroides fragilis strains from a European antibiotic susceptibility survey

J. Soki et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2006)

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Article Microbiology

Efflux pump overexpression in multiple-antibiotic-resistant mutants of Bacteroides fragilis

Lilian Pumbwe et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2006)

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Article Microbiology

Clostridium aldenense sp nov and Clostridium citroniae sp nov isolated from human clinical infections

Yumi A. Warren et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2006)

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Article Orthopedics

Improved aero-anaerobe recovery from infected prosthetic joint samples taken from 72 patients and collected intraoperatively in Rosenow's broth

E Senneville et al.

ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA (2006)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Changing patterns of fluoroquinolone resistance among Bacteroides fragilis group organisms over a 6-year period (1997-2002)

C Betriu et al.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2005)

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Article Microbiology

Bacteremia caused by a metronidazole-resistant Prevotella sp strain

F Mory et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2005)

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Article Immunology

Anaerobic sepsis due to multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis:: Microbiological cure and clinical response with linezolid therapy

DW Wareham et al.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2005)

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Article Oncology

Evidence for active drug efflux in fluoroquinolone resistance in Clostridium hathewayi

F Rafii et al.

CHEMOTHERAPY (2005)

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Article Microbiology

Relationship between penicillin-binding protein patterns and β-lactamases in clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis with different susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics

S Píriz et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2004)

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Article Microbiology

Isolation of metronidazole-resistant Bacteroides fragilis carrying the nimA nitroreductase gene from a patient in Washington state

JM Schapiro et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2004)

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Article Infectious Diseases

A Bacteroides thetaiotamicron porin that could take part in resistance to β-lactams

J Behra-Miellet et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2004)

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Letter Microbiology

nimE gene in a metronidazole-susceptible Veillonella sp strain

H Marchandin et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2004)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Nitroimidazole resistance genes (nimB) in anaerobic Gram-positive cocci (previously Peptostreptococcus spp.)

MM Theron et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2004)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Surveillance of susceptibility patterns in 1297 European and US anaerobic and capnophilic isolates to co-amoxiclav and five other antimicrobial agents

LM Koeth et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2004)

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Article Microbiology

In vitro activities of the new semisynthetic glycopeptide telavancin (TD-6424), vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, and four comparator agents against anaerobic gram-positive species and Corynebacterium spp.

EJC Goldstein et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2004)

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Article Microbiology

In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria

DM Citron et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2003)

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Article Microbiology

Antibiotic resistance among anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli:: lessons from a French multicentric survey

J Behra-Miellet et al.

ANAEROBE (2003)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates in Europe

M Hedberg et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2003)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Clostridium bolteae sp nov., isolated from human sources

YL Song et al.

SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY (2003)

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Article Microbiology

Reassessment of Clostridium difficile susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycin

T Peláez et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2002)

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Article Microbiology

Description of complex forms of a porin in Bacteroides fragilis and possible implication of this protein in antibiotic resistance

MF Odou et al.

ANAEROBE (2001)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Subdural empyema caused by Prevotella loescheii with reduced susceptibility to metronidazole

JAT Sandoe et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2001)

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Article Microbiology

Identification of two genetic groups in Bacteroides fragilis by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis:: distribution of antibiotic resistance (cfiA, cepA) and enterotoxin (bft) encoding genes

M Gutacker et al.

MICROBIOLOGY-SGM (2000)

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