New insights into redox-related risk factors and therapeutic targets in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the oral cavity accounting for 90 % of oral cancer with a global incidence of 350.000 new cases per year. Curative resection along with adjuvant radiation therapy or a combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy remain as gold standard in treating OSCC. Still, local recurrence, lymph nodal recurrence, and complications of radiation remain the main cause of tumor-related mortality. Reactive oxygen species are not only correlated to the etiology of OSCC due to oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation or effecting signal transduction cascades that effect cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, but are also of great interest in the therapy of OSCC patients. As induced oxidative stress can be used therapeutically for the induction of tumor cell death, redox targets might be a therapeutic addition to the conventional treatment options. In this review, we discuss markers of impaired redox homeostasis as well as potential redox-related treatment targets in OSCC.

Automated summary

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the oral cavity, with 350,000 new cases per year globally. Curative resection and adjuvant radiation therapy or a combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy are the standard treatment options, but local and lymph nodal recurrence, as well as radiation complications, remain major causes of mortality. Reactive oxygen species play a role in the etiology of OSCC and are also of interest in therapy.