Nicotine dependence among young adults: Comparing exclusive ENDS users to exclusive cigarette smokers

Article Substance Abuse

Trends in Nicotine Strength in Electronic Cigarettes Sold in the United States by Flavor, Product Type, and Manufacturer, 2017-2022

Xu Wang et al.

Summary: This study examined the trends in nicotine strength of e-cigarettes sold in the United States from January 2017 to March 2022. The results showed an overall increase in the monthly average nicotine strength of e-cigarette products, especially disposable e-cigarettes and certain flavors. The study suggests that implementing comprehensive strategies, such as limiting nicotine strength and strengthening anti-smoking measures for youth, can help reduce the use of e-cigarettes.

NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Psychology, Clinical

Biomarkers of nicotine exposure correlate with the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist among adolescents in California, United States

Benjamin W. Chaffee et al.

Summary: This study examined the validity of HONC in assessing nicotine dependence among adolescents using samples from California high school students, and found that dependence symptoms may occur at low levels of nicotine exposure.

ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Nicotine Dependence from Different E-Cigarette Devices and Combustible Cigarettes among US Adolescent and Young Adult Users

Crystal Lin et al.

Summary: This study examined the levels of nicotine dependence among adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users in the US. The findings showed that a significant percentage of users exhibited signs of nicotine dependence, regardless of the type of device they used. This highlights the high levels of nicotine dependence among young e-cigarette users.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2022)

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Article Substance Abuse