What have we learned from research on the geometric module?

This article is an overview of the research and controversy initiated by Cheng's (Cognition, 23(2), 149-178, 1986) article hypothesizing a purely geometric module in spatial representation. Hundreds of experiments later, we know much more about spatial behavior across a very wide array of species, ages, and kinds of conditions, but there is still no consensus model of the phenomena. I argue for an adaptive combination approach that entails several principles: (1) a focus on ecological niches and the spatial information they offer; (2) an approach to development that is experience-expectant: (3) continued plasticity as environmental conditions change; (4) language as one of many cognitive tools that can support spatial behavior.

Automated summary

This article provides an overview of the research and controversy surrounding Cheng's hypothesis of a purely geometric module in spatial representation. Despite numerous experiments, there is still no consensus model for understanding spatial behavior across different species, ages, and conditions. The author argues for an adaptive combination approach that focuses on ecological niches, experience-expectant development, continued plasticity in changing environmental conditions, and the role of language as a cognitive tool in supporting spatial behavior.