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Solar-driven CO2-to-ethanol conversion enabled by continuous CO2 transport via a superhydrophobic Cu2O nano fence

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CHEMICAL SCIENCE
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ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05702j

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In this study, a mesoporous superhydrophobic Cu2O hollow structure was developed for efficient gas transport and utilization of CO2 in photocatalytic reduction reactions. The structure prevents water infiltration and accumulates CO2, allowing continuous delivery of CO2 to the reactive sites and achieving the highest ethanol formation rate.
The overall photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction presents an eco-friendly approach for generating high-value products, specifically ethanol. However, ethanol production still faces efficiency issues (typically formation rates <605 mu mol g(-1) h(-1)). One significant challenge arises from the difficulty of continuously transporting CO2 to the catalyst surface, leading to inadequate gas reactant concentration at reactive sites. Here, we develop a mesoporous superhydrophobic Cu2O hollow structure (O-CHS) for efficient gas transport. O-CHS is designed to float on an aqueous solution and act as a nano fence, effectively impeding water infiltration into its inner space and enabling CO2 accumulation within. As CO2 is consumed at reactive sites, O-CHS serves as a gas transport channel and diffuser, continuously and promptly conveying CO2 from the gas phase to the reactive sites. This ensures a stable high CO2 concentration at reactive sites. Consequently, O-CHS achieves the highest recorded ethanol formation rate (996.18 mu mol g(-1) h(-1)) to the best of our knowledge. This strategy combines surface engineering with geometric modulation, providing a promising pathway for multi-carbon production.

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