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Article
Energy & Fuels
Jianhui Bao et al.
Summary: A high-speed imaging technique was used to investigate the macroscopic spray characteristics of diesel with different types of blended fuel under high ambient pressure. The results showed that lower viscosity and higher injection pressure improved spray characteristics. The study also demonstrated that blending oxygenated fuels benefits fuel atomization and the air-fuel mixture of conventional diesel fuel.
ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chie Hoon Song
Summary: Although the end of combustion engine vehicles seems inevitable under a new climate target for 2030, a complete ban on the combustion engine would be counterproductive. E-fuels, produced using renewable electricity from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, could be a large-scale solution for achieving climate-neutral mobility. The study analyzes patent data to investigate the technological knowledge relatedness of e-fuel technology, finding that the patent landscape is dominated by the private sector and the main knowledge base is centered around chemical engineering and production techniques for liquid hydrocarbon mixture.
Article
Thermodynamics
Binbin Wang et al.
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of ammonia/hydrogen mixture ratio on engine combustion and emission performance at different inlet temperatures. The research results show that the engine has the highest power and better emission performance when the intake air temperature is 476K, and the hydrogen mixing ratio is 30%.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jisoo Shin et al.
Summary: Due to environmental regulations, the use of ammonia as a carbon-free fuel for internal combustion engines is gaining attention. This study investigated the combustion characteristics of an ammonia-diesel dual-fuel engine through numerical simulation. The results showed that advanced injection timing and high ammonia energy fraction can significantly improve efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinguang Li et al.
Summary: Ammonia is a promising carbon-free fuel, however, its combustion in IC engines faces stability and misfiring issues. Hydrogen, on the other hand, can alleviate these weaknesses when blended with ammonia. This study investigates the effects of hydrogen addition on ammonia combustion characteristics and suggests that the optimal energy ratio is around 7.5%.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bingyao Huang et al.
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the combustion and atomization characteristics of PODEn (n=1-4) and ethanol/PODEn binary droplets. Three different behaviors - puffing, ejection, and micro-explosion - are observed in the atomization stage of the binary droplets with a Delta Tbp generally greater than 50 K. The atomization index peaks at 70% PODE1 for PODE1/PODE4 binary droplets and at 50% ethanol for ethanol/PODE4 binary droplets. The ethanol/PODEn binary droplets generally have higher micro-explosion intensities and stronger atomization propensities than the PODEn binary droplets.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Raouf Mobasheri et al.
Summary: Oxy-fuel combustion integrated with carbon capture and storage technology is an efficient way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The study shows that adjusting the intake charge temperature can affect the performance of oxy-fuel combustion, but too high or too low temperature can lead to incomplete combustion or decreased combustion stability.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiyu Yang et al.
Summary: This paper presents an innovative measurement method to study the injection characteristics of a multi-point injection (MPI) system for natural gas engines. By measuring the change of gas pressure in the measurement chamber, the gas injection rate for different nozzle structures can be obtained. The study shows that the injection moment hysteresis and the injection duration vary with the injection pressure and energizing time. The results also indicate that the open-hole injection tube structure has a longer injection duration compared to the straight-through injection tube structure due to the inability to directly use the axial momentum of the gas flow.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Sai Sudharshan Ravi et al.
Summary: With each passing second, society is becoming more aware of the impact of carbon dioxide emissions and is increasingly willing to participate in sustainable efforts, such as investing in electric vehicles. However, there is a debate between e-fuels and EVs regarding their environmental impact, with concerns raised about the sustainability and emissions of both options. This article critically analyzes these concerns to provide perspectives and answer some of the pressing questions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Xiao Yu et al.
Summary: Modern automotive propulsion technologies need to quickly achieve the highest CO2 reduction potential to comply with the Paris Climate Agreement. The collective use of renewable fuels, e-fuels, hydrogen, and electrical energy can meet different mobility and transportation needs in an optimal and CO2-neutral way. The greenhouse gas emissions of a propulsion system depend on its energy efficiency and the carbon intensity of the energy source. The carbon intensity of electric vehicles is mainly determined by the carbon intensity of the electricity consumed, while the low adoption rates of electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles limit their impact on decarbonization in the near term.
ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Feng Cao et al.
Summary: A study at Xining International Airport in China compares five taxiing methods and finds that new methods can reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions compared to traditional methods. Onboard systems perform the best in terms of energy saving and emissions reduction. The study also explores the carbon abatement potential of each method over the next decade.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shijie Mi et al.
Summary: Ammonia as a hydrogen carrier and carbon-free fuel is receiving more attention for reducing carbon emissions in transportation. Ammonia-diesel dual-fuel combustion mode is a potential way to achieve lower carbon emissions in compression ignition engines. However, NH3 and N2O emissions are challenges to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in this combustion mode.
Review
Electrochemistry
Gianluca Pasini et al.
Summary: Road transport is a highly energy-consuming and greenhouse gas emitting sector. The decarbonisation of electricity generation can support the goal of road vehicle climate neutrality either through direct electrification or the use of e-fuels. This study analyzes the most promising electrochemical storages for road transport and reviews and compares different e-fuels and their production pathways. It highlights the significant difference in efficiency between electrochemical storages and e-fuels, with the latter requiring more input energy and causing higher CO2 emissions if the electricity is not completely decarbonised.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiyu Yang et al.
Summary: This paper presents an innovative method for online measurement of injection rate under multiple-injection strategy conditions. By analyzing the water hammer pressure oscillation in the fuel system, the author proposes a real-time simulation method for extracting the expansion pressure signal components of the main injection. A direct mathematical relationship between the pressure signal and fuel injection rate is established, enabling the online measurement of fuel injection characteristics. The method demonstrates high accuracy and can provide direct feedback to the electronic control unit without altering the HPCRIS structure.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiyu Yang et al.
Summary: This study presents an innovative fuel injection rate measurement methodology for studying dual-fuel injection characteristics in a high-pressure natural gas direct injection engine. The results demonstrate two different upward trends in injection mass with increasing energizing time, with greater sensitivity observed for shorter energizing times. The duration of gas injection is influenced by both injection pressure and ambient pressure, and increases in either parameter lead to significantly longer injection durations and higher gas injection mass. The pilot diesel injection process has a notable effect on the gas injection rate.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianhui Bao et al.
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different piston bowl designs on the performance and pollutant emissions of pilot spray-ignited natural gas engines. The results show that different chamber shapes slightly affect the combustion initiation and in-cylinder pressure. Increasing the recess depth of combustion chambers reduces NOx formations but sacrifices fuel economy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guisheng Chen et al.
Summary: This study investigates the impact of pilot diesel mass and start of injection of natural gas (NG) on the combustion and emission characteristics of high-pressure direct injection (HPDI) NG engines. The results show that increasing pilot diesel mass can improve thermal efficiency and reduce harmful emissions, while advancing start of injection leads to higher nitrogen oxide emissions and increased peak cylinder pressure. The study also finds that the injection interval of diesel and NG has minimal influence on combustion characteristics and soot emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Stephanie Frankl et al.
Summary: The study focused on the use of ammonia and hydrogen in high-pressure-dual-fuel combustion, with results showing that hydrogen can be used in the engine without further modifications. Additionally, the combustion of ammonia was effective, especially when injected at higher pressures, and pre-heating of ammonia was found to increase combustion efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Furat Dawood et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Alessandro Ferrari et al.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Menghan Li et al.
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. Ferrari et al.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
U. Schmid et al.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2008)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tim Johnson
PLATINUM METALS REVIEW
(2008)
