Poincaré plot can help predict the curative effect of metoprolol for pediatric postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Purpose: To study whether a Poincare plot can help predict the curative effect of metoprolol for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in children.Methods: Pediatric patients with POTS who were administered metoprolol were retrospectively included. The collected data included general data (sex, age, height, weight, and body mass index), the manifestations and treatment (baseline orthostatic intolerance symptom score and course of metoprolol treatment), vital signs (supine heart rate [HR], supine blood pressure, and increased HR during the standing test), HR variability indexes (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals [SDNN]; standard deviation of the averages of normal-to-normal intervals [SDANN]; mean standard deviation of the NN intervals for each 5-min segment [SDNNI]; root mean square of the successive differences [rMSSD]; percentage of adjacent NN intervals that differ by >50 ms [pNN50]; triangular index; ultra-low [ULF], very low [VLF], low [LF], and high frequency [HF]; total power [TP]; and LF/HF ratio), and graphical parameters of the Poincare plot (longitudinal axis [L], transverse axis [T], and L/T). Receiver operator characteristic curves were used to calculate the predictive function of the indexes with significant differences between patients who responded and those who did not. The index combination with the highest predictive value was obtained through series-parallel analysis.Results: Overall, 40 responders and 23 non-responders were included. The L and T in the Poincare plots and rMSSD, pNN50, HF, and TP of the HR variability data were significantly lower in participants who responded to metoprolol than in participants who did not (p < 0.001). The L/T of participants who responded to metoprolol was greater than that of non-responders (p < 0.001). Moreover, we noted a strong correlation between every two indexes among L, T, rMSSD, pNN50, HF, TP, and L/T (p < 0.05). T < 573.9 ms combined with L/T > 2.9 had the best performance for predicting the effectiveness of metoprolol, with a sensitivity of 85.0%, specificity of 82.6%, and accuracy of 84.1%.Conclusion: In the Poincare plot, a T < 573.9 ms combined with an L/T > 2.9 helps predict good outcomes of using metoprolol to treat pediatric POTS.

Automated summary

This study investigates the use of Poincare plot in predicting the curative effect of metoprolol for pediatric POTS. The results suggest that a T < 573.9 ms combined with an L/T > 2.9 in the Poincare plot can help predict the effectiveness of metoprolol treatment.