Air pollution inside fire stations: State-of-the-art and future challenges

Article Environmental Sciences

Assessment of coarse, fine, and ultrafine particulate matter at different microenvironments of fire stations

Joana Teixeira et al.

Chemosphere (2023)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Comparison of cancer incidence and mortality in the Norwegian Fire Departments Cohort, 1960-2018

Niki Marjerrison et al.

Summary: Elevated cancer risk among firefighters has been observed. The study found that differences in incidence and mortality may arise from inconsistencies between sites of cancer diagnosis and cause of death.

OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Hierarchy of contamination control in the fire service: Review of exposure control options to reduce cancer risk

Gavin P. Horn et al.

Summary: This narrative review synthesizes current research on fire service contamination control, identifies evidence-based measures to protect firefighters, and highlights knowledge gaps. The focus has mainly been on personal protective equipment, with less attention given to higher level control measures such as engineering, substitution, and elimination, which may be the most effective.

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE (2022)

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News Item Oncology

Carcinogenicity of occupational exposure as a firefighter

Paul A. Demers et al.

LANCET ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Health Exposure Assessment of Firefighters Caused by PAHs in PM4 and TSP after Firefighting Operations

Joanna Rakowska et al.

Summary: Firefighters are at a high risk of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and suspended particulate matter, which greatly increases their chances of developing cancer.

ATMOSPHERE (2022)

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Article Water Resources

Physicochemical Characterization of Personal Exposures to Smoke Aerosol and PAHs of Wildland Firefighters in Prescribed Fires

Jordan Nelson et al.

Summary: Firefighters were exposed to particle mass and number during prescribed fire events, with particle number concentrations varying based on topography and activity. Both organic carbon and elemental carbon were found in particles smaller than 1.0 μm, while combustion PAHs were mainly accumulated in fine aerosols. The use of both biomass burning and fossil fuels during ignition was indicated by PAHs concentration diagnostic ratios.

EXPOSURE AND HEALTH (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Firefighters' occupational exposure: Contribution from biomarkers of effect to assess health risks

Bela Barros et al.

Summary: Firefighting is physically and physiologically exhausting with exposure to toxic fire emissions. Biomonitoring studies have significantly contributed to characterizing occupational-related health effects in firefighters, calling for further research to gain a deeper understanding of the health risks and to improve surveillance programs.

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Firefighter exposures to organic and inorganic gas emissions in emergency residential and industrial fires

Badr H. Alharbi et al.

Summary: The study found that firefighters are exposed to a variety of organic and inorganic gases during fire incidents, with higher levels of VOCs in residential fires possibly due to the materials present in homes. Exposure to inorganic gases is higher in industrial fires, with higher concentrations of hydrogen chloride. This research highlights the differences in gas emissions between industrial and residential fires.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and total fluorine in fire station dust

Anna S. Young et al.

Summary: This study investigated PFAS occurrences inside 15 fire stations in Massachusetts, finding that PFAS concentrations in dust varied among different rooms, with turnout gear potentially serving as a significant source.

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Cancer Incidence and Mortality among Firefighters: An Overview of Epidemiologic Systematic Reviews

Elena Laroche et al.

Summary: Systematic reviews consistently show that firefighters have a significantly increased risk of developing rectal, prostate, bladder, testicular, mesothelioma, and malignant melanoma cancers compared to the general population. Death rates from rectal cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are also higher among firefighters.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Off-Gassing of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds from Fire-Fighters' Uniforms in Private Vehicles-A Pilot Study

Andrew P. W. Banks et al.

Summary: Firefighters' uniforms are contaminated with various chemicals that are not completely removed by laundering. Storing firefighting ensembles in private vehicles may result in off-gassing of PAHs, OPFRs, and PBDEs, potentially exposing vehicle users to these harmful substances. Further investigation is needed to understand the impact of off-gassing from firefighting uniforms on firefighter exposure.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

The occurrence of PAHs and flame-retardants in air and dust from Australian fire stations

Andrew P. W. Banks et al.

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE (2020)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Mortality in a cohort of US firefighters from San Francisco, Chicago and Philadelphia: an update

Lynne Pinkerton et al.

OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and metal contamination of air and surfaces exposed to combustion emissions during emergency fire suppression: Implications for firefighters' exposures

Jennifer L. A. Keir et al.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2020)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Cancer risks of firefighters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of secular trends and region-specific differences

Swaantje Casjens et al.

INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

BTEXS Concentrations and Exposure Assessment in a Fire Station

Wioletta Rogula-Kozlowska et al.

ATMOSPHERE (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether and Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Canadian Fire Station Dust

Ranjit Gill et al.

CHEMOSPHERE (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Respirable particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at two Polish fire stations

Wioletta Rogula-Kozlowska et al.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Novel brominated flame retardants - A review of their occurrence in indoor air, dust, consumer goods and food

Emma A. R. Zuiderveen et al.

CHEMOSPHERE (2020)

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Review Engineering, Environmental

Wildfire and prescribed burning impacts on air quality in the United States

Samuel L. Altshuler et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Evaluation of silicone-based wristbands as passive sampling systems using PAHs as an exposure proxy for carcinogen monitoring in firefighters: Evidence from the firefighter cancer initiative

Jeramy L. R. Baum et al.

ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY (2020)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Dust Collected from Residential Homes and Fire Stations in North America

Samantha M. Hall et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Environmental contamination following the Grenfell Tower fire

Anna A. Stec et al.

CHEMOSPHERE (2019)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Wildland firefighter smoke exposure and risk of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality

Kathleen M. Navarro et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Occurrence of and human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants/plasticizers in indoor air and dust from various microenvironments in the United States

Un-Jung Kim et al.

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL (2019)

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Article Engineering, Civil

Assessment of ambient air diesel particulates in fire departments using different exposure metrics: Pilot study

Jooyeon Hwang et al.

FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL (2019)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Evaluation of the Effect of an Exhaust Reduction System in Fire Stations

Soo Jin Kim et al.

SUSTAINABILITY (2019)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Exposure to metals and semivolatile organic compounds in Australian fire stations

Michelle Engelsman et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Organophosphate flame retardants in dust collected from United States fire stations

Beverly Shen et al.

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL (2018)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at fire stations: firefighters' exposure monitoring and biomonitoring, and assessment of the contribution to total internal dose

Marta Oliveira et al.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2017)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Contamination of firefighter personal protective equipment and skin and the effectiveness of decontamination procedures

Kenneth W. Fent et al.

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE (2017)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Occupational exposure of firefighters to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in non-fire work environments

Marta Oliveira et al.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Diesel particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fire stations

Raymond C. Bott et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS (2017)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Flame-retardant contamination of firefighter personal protective clothing A potential health risk for firefighters

Barbara M. Alexander et al.

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE (2016)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

An evaluation of diesel particulate matter in fire station vehicle garages and living quarters

Ryan L. Payne et al.

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY (2016)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

High Levels of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Vacuum Cleaner Dust from California Fire Stations

Beverly Shen et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2015)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Exposure-response relationships for select cancer and non-cancer health outcomes in a cohort of US firefighters from San Francisco, Chicago and Philadelphia (1950-2009)

Robert D. Daniels et al.

OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE (2015)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Levels of non-polybrominated diphenyl ether brominated flame retardants in residential house dust samples and fire station dust samples in California

F. Reber Brown et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (2014)

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Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Characterization of Firefighter Smoke Exposure

Thomas Z. Fabian et al.

FIRE TECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Exposure of Firefighters to Particulates and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

C. Stuart Baxter et al.

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE (2014)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust: A literature review

Anjoeka Pronk et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2009)

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Article Environmental Sciences

International studies of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fetal growth

Hyunok Choi et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES (2006)

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Air pollution inside fire stations: State-of-the-art and future challenges

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