Fabrication of mycelium (oyster mushroom)-based composites derived from spent coffee grounds with pineapple fibre reinforcement

Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are eco-friendly materials made by combining mushroom mycelia with lignocellulosic biomass, offering diverse applications such as packaging and construction. The specific characteristics of MBCs can be significantly influenced by the choice of substrates and reinforcing materials during myco-fabrication. This study aims to improve MBCs sourced from Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) using spent coffee grounds (SCGs) as the main substrate, combined with natural pineapple fibres (NPFs). NPFs are incorporated to SCGs in different proportions (10% to 30%) to explore their potential in improving the material properties of MBCs. The findings demonstrate that the mechanical properties of MBCs, as well as the physical and chemical properties, can be altered by manipulating the proportion of NPFs. The MBCs reinforced with 10% NPFs exhibit the highest density and compressive strength, while the MBC with 30% NPFs outperforms others in terms of bending strength, water absorption, swelling, and sound absorption. Furthermore, a fire resistance test affirms the non-combustible properties of the MBC made of SCGs and NPFs, thereby demonstrating its safety features. These MBCs, made from oyster mushroom, embody a hopeful substitute for product creation and production in relation to practical usage, eco-friendly manufacturing techniques, and recyclability throughout its lifecycle.

Automated summary

This study improves mycelium-based composites (MBCs) sourced from oyster mushroom by combining them with spent coffee grounds and natural pineapple fibers. The proportion of pineapple fibers significantly affects the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of MBCs. MBCs with 10% pineapple fibers exhibit high density and compressive strength, while MBCs with 30% pineapple fibers have superior bending strength, water absorption, swelling, and sound absorption. Additionally, the MBCs made of spent coffee grounds and pineapple fibers show non-combustible properties and recyclability, making them a promising substitute for eco-friendly product creation.