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The Major Hypotheses of Alzheimer's Disease: Related Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Its Diagnosis and Treatment

CELLS (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis

Theophania Ashleigh et al.

Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, challenging the conventional thinking of amyloid beta pathology. A unified model that accurately identifies the underlying mechanism of AD is crucial for the development of effective therapies.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2023)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Beta-Amyloid Peptide in Tears: An Early Diagnostic Marker of Alzheimer's Disease Correlated with Choroidal Thickness

Magda Gharbiya et al.

Summary: We conducted a study to evaluate the diagnostic role of AD biomarkers in tears and their association with retinal and choroidal microstructures. We found that tear A beta 1-42 levels had a high sensitivity and specificity in detecting MCI and AD patients. Additionally, A beta 1-42 levels were correlated with psychometric scores and choroidal thickness. Testing A beta 1-42 levels in tears could be a minimally invasive and cost-saving method for early detection and diagnosis of AD.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2023)

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Review Neurosciences

Role of Tau in Various Tauopathies, Treatment Approaches, and Emerging Role of Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Preetpal Kaur et al.

Summary: Several protein kinases and phosphatases regulate tau protein phosphorylation, and an imbalance in their activity leads to tau hyper-phosphorylation. Aberrant tau phosphorylation causes it to dissociate from microtubules and form neurofibrillary tangles, contributing to neurodegenerative disorders. Restorative approaches targeting hyperphosphorylated tau protein are being explored, and drug delivery systems based on nanocarriers provide a potential solution for the limited transport of drugs to the central nervous system. This review discusses tau protein, regulation of its phosphorylation, drugs in use or under clinical trials, and treatment strategies for tauopathies based on the role of tau hyperphosphorylation in disease pathogenesis.

MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2023)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Neuroinflammation is independently associated with brain network dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

Fangda Leng et al.

Summary: Brain network dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease is associated with neuroinflammation, independent of A beta deposition and cortical atrophy. This study found that increased microglial activation correlated with disrupted structural and functional networks, while A beta did not, suggesting a link between neuroinflammation and systemic brain dysfunction in AD.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2023)

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Review Cell Biology

Targeting neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: from mechanisms to clinical applications

Zi-Zhen Si et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by sustained neuroinflammation leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Efforts have been made to understand its pathogenesis, but effective treatment is still lacking. Neuroinflammation, along with misfolded and aggregated proteins, plays a significant role in the disease. The review summarizes the clinical and pathological characteristics, discusses the role of glial cells, and explores potential therapeutic approaches in targeting neuroinflammation.

NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Nanomedicine-based immunotherapy for Alzheimer?s disease

Mehboob Hoque et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (A beta) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau protein neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Current AD treatments have limited success and focus on improving cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Developing novel treatment approaches to control/inhibit AD progression, especially in the elderly, is crucial. Immunotherapy, which boosts the patient's immune system, shows promise as a safe treatment option. However, delivering therapeutics to the brain poses a challenge due to the minimal immune surveillance in the brain. The review discusses the use of different nano-formulations to enhance AD immunotherapy.

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS (2023)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Role of monomeric amyloid-β in cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease: Insights from clinical trials with secretase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies

Bruno P. Imbimbo et al.

Summary: According to the beta-amyloid (A beta) hypothesis, brain A beta accumulation is the primary cause of cognitive deficit and dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While many anti-A beta drugs have failed in clinical trials, recent studies have shown encouraging results for antibodies that clear amyloid plaques. These findings suggest that decreased levels of soluble monomeric A beta may be the main driver of AD, rather than the aggregated forms.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2023)

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Review Polymer Science

Bioinspired synthetic polymers-based inhibitors of Alzheimer's amyloid-β peptide aggregation

Rupali et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no current cure and limited treatment solutions, and discovering novel therapies is a global challenge in the biopharmaceutical industry. Synthetic polymer-based inhibitors of A beta aggregation have been explored as promising therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease due to their attractive physico-chemical properties and ease of functionalization. This review article summarizes the development of these polymeric inhibitors and discusses their modulatory effect on the molecular mechanisms of A beta self-assembly to advance amyloid-related drug discovery research.

POLYMER CHEMISTRY (2023)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Mitochondrial dynamics proteins as emerging drug targets

Emmanouil Zacharioudakis et al.

Summary: The importance of mitochondrial dynamics, specifically fusion and fission, in regulating cellular functions and fitness has been well established. Aberrant fusion or fission resulting from dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics proteins is associated with various pathologies, but pharmacological targeting of these proteins is complex. Recent studies have provided insights into the regulatory mechanisms of fusion and fission proteins, leading to the discovery of pharmacological modulators with therapeutic potential. These advances present exciting opportunities for the development of prototype therapeutics for multiple diseases.

TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2023)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Advances in Alzheimer's disease's pharmacological treatment

Carlos Elias Conti Filho et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly. No effective neuronal protective or regenerative drug is currently available. This study aimed to summarize the main advances in pharmacological therapy for AD.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2023)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Functionalizing DNA origami to investigate and interact with biological systems

Grant A. Knappe et al.

Summary: DNA origami is a powerful method for generating DNA nanostructures with dynamic properties and nanoscale control. This review focuses on the methods developed for functionalizing, purifying, and characterizing these nanostructures. The remaining challenges and potential areas of advancement in the fabrication of functionalized DNA origami are also discussed.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2023)

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Review Neurosciences

Application of curcumin nanoformulations in Alzheimer's disease: prevention, diagnosis and treatment

Hongqian Lv et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease with immature therapeutic strategies. Curcumin (CUR) is a promising natural compound for AD prevention, treatment, and diagnosis. However, its application is limited due to its characteristics. Delivering CUR by nanocarriers is an effective method to improve its efficacy.

NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Role of Metal Cations of Copper, Iron, and Aluminum and Multifunctional Ligands in Alzheimer's Disease: Experimental and Computational Insights

Nicolas Puentes-Diaz et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common form of dementia and its causes are not fully understood. High concentration of certain metal cations has been linked to the development of AD and the production of reactive oxygen species that cause neuronal damage. Multifunctional ligands have been proposed as a potential treatment to prevent or reverse the damaging effects of these metal cations. This review discusses recent advances in understanding the role of metal cations and the development of multifunctional ligands for AD.

ACS OMEGA (2023)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Future of Precision Medicine in the Cure of Alzheimer's Disease

Azher Arafah et al.

Summary: The past decade has witnessed significant conceptual shifts in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, recognizing the complexity and evolving pathophysiology of the disease. Implementing a comprehensive precision medicine (PM) approach has the potential to bring about substantial advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and mitigation of AD, similar to other diseases. Precision medicine in AD would require the integration of neurology, neuroscience, and psychiatry to move away from isolated methods and incorporate biomarker-guided treatment based on thorough pathophysiological understanding. The progress towards a comprehensive systems-based approach to PM holds promise in revolutionizing AD research and management.

BIOMEDICINES (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Retinal pathological features and proteome signatures of Alzheimer's disease

Yosef Koronyo et al.

Summary: Pathologies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be found in the neurosensory retina, but their exact nature and distribution in relation to disease progression in the brain are still largely unknown. This study conducted extensive histopathological and biochemical investigations of postmortem retina and brain tissues from 86 human donors to better understand the pathological features of AD in the retina. The findings suggest a quantitative relationship between retinopathy, brain pathology, and cognitive impairment, and may lead to the development of reliable retinal biomarkers for noninvasive screening and monitoring of AD.

ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA (2023)

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Article Biophysics

Surface-modified lipid nanocarriers for crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB): A current overview of active targeting in brain diseases

Maria Ines Teixeira et al.

Summary: The blood-brain barrier restricts the entry of therapeutic agents into the brain, posing challenges for the treatment of neurological diseases. Nanocarriers, such as lipid-based systems, have been explored to overcome this limitation and improve drug delivery to the central nervous system. By modifying the surface of nanocarriers with ligands that interact with the blood-brain barrier, their uptake and penetration into the brain can be enhanced. This review provides an overview of active targeting in brain drug delivery and highlights the potential of functionalized lipid nanocarriers for treating brain diseases.

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Lecanemab, Aducanumab, and Gantenerumab - Binding Profiles to Different Forms of Amyloid-Beta Might Explain Efficacy and Side Effects in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease

Linda Soderberg et al.

Summary: Immunotherapy targeting amyloid-beta (A ss) shows promise in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study characterized the binding properties of three antibodies (lecanemab, aducanumab, and gantenerumab) to various A ss species and found different binding preferences, which may explain the variability in clinical efficacy and side effects observed for these antibodies.

NEUROTHERAPEUTICS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Therapeutic Nanovaccine that Generates Anti-Amyloid Antibodies and Amyloid-specific Regulatory T Cells for Alzheimer's Disease

Mungyo Jung et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, has multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. Current immunotherapy approaches targeting single mechanism have limitations. A nanovaccine has been developed to target multiple mechanisms and show higher efficacy in treating Alzheimer's disease in mice. The nanovaccine is easy-to-prepare and cost-effective, providing a novel treatment option for Alzheimer's disease.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2023)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Recent Nanoscale Carriers for Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease: Current Strategies and Perspectives

Lucia Zakharova et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the nanotherapeutic strategies for addressing the global problems associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The challenges in the field include the lack of early diagnosis, limited knowledge on the molecular mechanism of the disease, blood-brain barrier obstacles, and the ineffectiveness of current drugs and therapeutic strategies. The application of nanocarriers offers potential solutions by improving drug bioavailability, extending circulation time, and overcoming biological barriers. Various types of nanocarriers have been developed and reviewed, with a focus on noninvasive administration routes such as transdermal, oral, and intranasal routes. The benefits and limitations of these nanocarriers are discussed, along with their future prospects.

CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2023)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Magnetic transferrin nanoparticles (MTNs) assay as a novel isolation approach for exosomal biomarkers in neurological diseases

Yoon Ok Jang et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a magnetic transferrin nanoparticles (MTNs) assay for the specific and rapid isolation of brain-derived blood exosomes. The MTNs assay is simple, affordable, and can explore the pilot value of brain-derived blood protein profiles as biomarkers through high-throughput proteomics analysis.

BIOMATERIALS RESEARCH (2023)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Microglia as a cellular target of diclofenac therapy in Alzheimer's disease

Barbara E. Stopschinski et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an untreatable cause of dementia, and there is an urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Research suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of AD, leading to the idea that anti-inflammatory treatments might be beneficial. Recent studies have shown the protective effects of diclofenac and NSAIDs in the fenamate group for targeting AD pathology.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

The Immunomodulatory Potential Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Rodrigo de Andrade Rufino et al.

Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important immunomodulatory role in CNS recovery after tissue injury. They can reduce inflammation, promote the recovery and preservation of injured neural tissue. MSCs can be derived from bone marrow and administered intravenously for treatment.

NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Lecanemab, Aducanumab, and Gantenerumab - Binding Profiles to Different Forms of Amyloid-Beta Might Explain Efficacy and Side Effects in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease

Linda Soderberg et al.

Summary: The study revealed different binding profiles of lecanemab, aducanumab, and gantenerumab to various species of Aβ, which may explain the varying clinical outcomes and side effects observed for these antibodies.

NEUROTHERAPEUTICS (2023)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Overview of tau PET molecular imaging

Gabriel Cassinelli Petersen et al.

Summary: This article provides an overview of tau PET imaging in neurodegenerative disorders, focusing on first-generation and second-generation radiotracers. Tau PET has emerged as a valuable tool for diagnosis and staging of tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's disease tauopathies.

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Drug Delivery Systems and Strategies to Overcome the Barriers of Brain

Yogesh Garg et al.

Summary: This article provides an overview of the challenges in drug delivery to the central nervous system and the various strategies to overcome the blood-brain barrier. Novel drug delivery systems offer numerous advantages, including stability, suitability for different types of drugs, and various administration routes. The conjugation of ligands with these carriers enhances targeting to the brain endothelium and facilitates drug internalization. The intranasal route shows potential as an alternate drug delivery pathway by directly delivering drugs to the brain via the olfactory pathway.

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN (2022)

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Review Neurosciences

Neuroinflammation PET imaging of the translocator protein (TSPO) in Alzheimer's disease: An update

Dominique Gouilly et al.

Summary: This review provides an update on the results from 2018 and advances the characterization of TSPO imaging in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by re-examining TSPO function and expression. Although the biological basis of the TSPO PET signal is clearly related to microglia and astrocytes in AD, the exact process remains uncertain and may not be directly associated with neuroinflammation. Further studies are needed to explore the cellular significance underlying variations in the PET signal in AD.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Elevated C-Reactive Protein in Alzheimer's Disease Without Depression in Older Adults: Findings From the Health and Retirement Study

Ginny Natale et al.

Summary: This study examined the association between major stroke, probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), mixed AD, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in older adults, with and without depression. The findings revealed that participants with mixed AD had higher CRP levels compared to unimpaired participants, and those with mixed AD without depression had even higher CRP levels. Additionally, depressed adults with major stroke had lower CRP levels. These results suggest a potential link between inflammation and AD and the impact of depression on CRP levels.

JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Blood biomarkers for assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction: An expert review

W. H. G. Hubens et al.

Summary: The study reviewed research on blood biomarkers of primary mitochondrial disease, identifying three classes of biomarkers. Combining biomarkers that cover different aspects of mitochondrial impairment is a good strategy and can assist in the diagnosis of primary mitochondrial disease.

MITOCHONDRION (2022)

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Article Biology

Potential Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease

Younghoon Seo et al.

Summary: This review explores the potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD), including the prediction of biomarkers during pre-screening and the stratification of subjects. It provides an overview of the current status of AD clinical trials and discusses the challenges and future development of integrating AI into these trials.

LIFE-BASEL (2022)

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Meeting Abstract Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Revisiting Small Molecule Inhibitors of Amyloid-β Aggregation

Kendall B. E. Moore et al.

FASEB JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Neuroimaging Modalities in Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Features

JunHyun Kim et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment options yet. Early diagnosis is essential for more effective therapy, and brain imaging techniques can serve as a valuable tool in this process.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Tau biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: towards implementation in clinical practice and trials

Rik Ossenkoppele et al.

Summary: Innovative second-generation tau-PET tracers have enabled the early detection of tau pathology in the medial temporal lobe. Novel phosphorylated tau (p-tau) assays in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) better reflect tau tangle load. Furthermore, blood-based biomarkers for tau pathology show promise in predicting disease progression and differentiating Alzheimer's disease from other types of dementia.

LANCET NEUROLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of Cholinergic Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease

Zhi-Ru Chen et al.

Summary: This article reviews the role of cholinergic signaling in AD and its correlation with other risk factors. Due to the complex and unclear pathogenesis of AD, effective methods to prevent and treat AD are currently unavailable, making research to discover novel therapeutic drugs crucial.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Engineering a pathological tau-targeted nanochaperone for selective and synergetic inhibition of tau pathology in Alzheimer's Disease

Linlin Xu et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a customized nanochaperone protein for targeting intracellular pathological tau in Alzheimer's disease. This protein effectively inhibits tau aggregation and improves cognitive deficits. The nanochaperone exhibits selectivity and does not interfere with normal tau function. This study provides valuable insights for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

NANO TODAY (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Large Margin and Local Structure Preservation Sparse Representation Classifier for Alzheimer's Magnetic Resonance Imaging Classification

Runmin Liu et al.

Summary: This manuscript presents a new sparse representation classifier algorithm for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The algorithm considers the structural information between images, which leads to improved classification performance.

FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Neuroinflammation as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer?s Disease

Ping Liu et al.

Summary: The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease is complex and not well understood. In addition to the accumulation of Aβ peptide, neuroinflammation has also been identified as a crucial factor. More evidence suggests that anti-inflammatory treatments can delay or prevent the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease.

CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS IN AGING (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Glatiramer Acetate Immunomodulation: Evidence of Neuroprotection and Cognitive Preservation

Arielle Kasindi et al.

Summary: This article discusses the potential novel uses of Copaxone (glatiramer acetate) in neuroprotective treatments and its effects on cognition. Clinical studies have shown that Copaxone can mitigate cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis patients. The drug has also been found to have immunomodulatory effects on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Further research is needed to establish the impact of Copaxone immunomodulation on neuroprotection and cognitive preservation in various neurological conditions.

CELLS (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Recent Advances in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease Using Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Prashant Poudel et al.

Summary: This article discusses traditional and new treatment methods for Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a focus on the role of nanoparticle (NP)-based systems in the treatment of AD. The article explains how NPs can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, describes their action in the brain microenvironment, and highlights their potential in symptom relief, targeted therapy, and diagnosis of AD. In addition, NP-based immunotherapy is discussed as a promising option for disrupting the progression of AD.

PHARMACEUTICS (2022)

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Review Biology

Mitochondria-Targeted, Nanoparticle-Based Drug-Delivery Systems: Therapeutics for Mitochondrial Disorders

Sakshi Buchke et al.

Summary: In addition to ATP generation, mitochondria play important roles in various functions and their dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of several diseases. Nanoparticles provide promising strategies for targeted drug delivery to mitochondria, overcoming challenges such as low solubility and poor bioavailability. This review evaluates different nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems and discusses their potential as treatments for mitochondrial disorders.

LIFE-BASEL (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Role of Epigenetics in Neuroinflammatory-Driven Diseases

Sebastiano Giallongo et al.

Summary: Neurodegenerative disorders and neuroinflammation are closely linked, with inflammatory diseases leading to significant changes in the genome that affect the prognosis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Nanoparticles in peripheral nerve regeneration: A mini review

Rabia Javed et al.

Summary: Nanobiotechnology offers potential for peripheral neural regeneration, providing an alternative treatment for peripheral nerve injuries. Autologous nerve grafts, the current standard treatment, have limitations and complications, making the development of alternative approaches necessary. Nanoparticles have therapeutic potential and understanding the fundamental mechanisms of peripheral nerve reconstruction is crucial for clinical translation.

JOURNAL OF NEURORESTORATOLOGY (2022)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of its efficacy as a function of protocol characteristics and degree of personalization

Arianna Menardi et al.

Summary: TMS has been shown to improve global cognitive functioning in mild-to-moderate AD patients, but current protocol characteristics may lack sufficient personalization.

JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Pathophysiology and Mitochondria-Targeted Drug Delivery Approaches

Tanzeel Khan et al.

Summary: Mitochondria are essential organelles involved in various cellular functions, and their dysfunction can lead to the development of various diseases. Targeted drug delivery to mitochondria has become a promising strategy for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Recent advancements in nanoformulations, such as polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes, have shown potential in overcoming the challenges associated with delivering therapeutic molecules to the mitochondria.

PHARMACEUTICS (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Protein and Gene Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Where Do We Stand Today?

Panoraia Siafaka et al.

Summary: Neurodegenerative disorders affect millions of people annually with no approved pharmacological approach for complete treatment. Recent studies suggest potential for reverting damaged adult brain cells and developing more efficient therapeutic strategies.

PHARMACEUTICS (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Targeting Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutic Targets for Small Molecules

Ziyad M. Althafar

Summary: This study summarizes the molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the activities of microglia in the adult brain, the role of microglia in the aging brain, and the significance of targeting microglia for the treatment of AD.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

The application of nanotechnology in treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Yanyan Cao et al.

Summary: This review outlines the developments and benefits of nanomedicines in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), highlighting the potential of nanotechnology in diagnosing and providing alternative treatments for this neurodegenerative condition. Prospective nanomedicines for diagnosing and surveillance therapeutic interventions for AD and other diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) may be clinically accessible, driving further research in this field.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Plasma tau proteins for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Leian Chen et al.

Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the accuracy of plasma tau protein in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A total of 56 studies were included, and the results showed that both t-tau and p-tau can serve as suitable blood biomarkers for AD. Among different tau biomarkers, p-tau217 exhibited higher sensitivity in differentiating MCI and AD. Moreover, the ultrasensitive analytical platform IMR increased the diagnostic value of tau proteins.

FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Investigation of coenzyme Q10 status, serum amyloid-β, and tau protein in patients with dementia

Po-Sheng Chang et al.

Summary: The study found that dementia patients commonly have a deficiency of coenzyme Q10, and the degree of deficiency is related to the level of amyloid-beta and antioxidant capacity. Monitoring the coenzyme Q10 status in dementia patients is necessary to delay the progression of the disease.

FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Exploring the Involvement of the Amyloid Precursor Protein A673T Mutation against Amyloid Pathology and Alzheimer's Disease in Relation to Therapeutic Editing Tools

Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative condition with a progressive decline in cognitive function. The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system could help identify targets and provide potential therapeutic options for the disease.

PHARMACEUTICS (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Comparison of Tau and Amyloid-β Targeted Immunotherapy Nanoparticles for Alzheimer's Disease

Yara Mashal et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease, characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, is a global concern. Treatment targeting the amyloid-beta abnormality has shown promise, particularly with the use of nanoparticles to improve drug delivery to the brain.

BIOMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Biophysics

Ultrasensitive probeless capacitive biosensor for amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) detection in human plasma using interdigitated electrodes

Parshant Kumar Sharma et al.

Summary: The study developed a highly sensitive and novel method to detect Aβ, a hallmark biomarker of AD, using an interdigitated capacitive biosensor. The results showed that the biosensor exhibited good specificity and sensitivity, enabling real-time detection of oAβ in the femto-molar range. Additionally, the fabricated capacitive biochip demonstrated long-term stability and suitability for point-of-care diagnostic applications.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Neurosciences

Retinal Examinations Provides Early Warning of Alzheimer's Disease

Xinyi Xia et al.

Summary: Patients with Alzheimer's disease face difficulties in maintaining independent living abilities, leading to increased burden on caregivers and healthcare system. Current diagnostics are complex, expensive, and lack focus on early diagnosis quality, demanding technical improvements. Retinal imaging can offer a new approach for early detection of Alzheimer's pathology, with easy operation as an advantage.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment as Tools for Following Cognitive Changes in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Participants

Ge Wang et al.

Summary: This study compares the efficacy of MMSE and MoCA as cognitive monitoring tools and the correlation between the two tests. The results show that MMSE and MoCA are comparable for monitoring cognitive changes and have a moderate correlation for follow-up visits.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2022)

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Review Neurosciences

Current understanding of the interactions between metal ions and Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer?s disease

Yanhui Zhang et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in elderly individuals, and there is currently no effective disease-modifying treatment. Imbalance in brain metal ions has been found to be closely related to the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Recent evidence suggests that interactions between brain metal ions and apolipoprotein E may be one of the mechanisms for neurodegeneration.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Diet in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Research Requirements

Oliwia Stefaniak et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disease that is becoming a major health issue due to the aging population. Nutrition plays a crucial role in preventing and delaying the development of the disease, with diets rich in neuroprotective nutrients such as antioxidants, B vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids recommended. Studies have shown that healthy dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multipronged diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease

Madhu Ramesh et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that contributes significantly to global dementia cases. The pathology of AD is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. Despite a lack of complete understanding and approved treatments, research has revealed the multifactorial nature of AD. Therefore, developing multipronged approaches targeting multiple biomarkers and targets is crucial for effective diagnosis and therapeutics.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Tissue-Engineered Models of the Human Brain: State-of-the-Art Analysis and Challenges

Giulia Tarricone et al.

Summary: Neurological disorders impact billions worldwide, with the lack of in vitro models replicating the complexity of the human brain structure hindering drug efficacy evaluation. Advances in 3D cultures and tissue-engineered brain models, particularly utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells, show promise in overcoming these challenges and mimicking brain architecture for effective treatments.

JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

A surrogate marker for very early-stage tau pathology is detectable by molecular magnetic resonance imaging

Parag Parekh et al.

Summary: Abnormal phosphorylation of tau is a precursor to the formation of tau fibrils in Alzheimer's disease. By using novel molecular magnetic resonance imaging (M-MRI) probes and specific aptamers, the hyperphosphorylative state can be visualized in vivo at a pre-pathological stage, enabling early-stage diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

THERANOSTICS (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

2022 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

Joseph Gaugler et al.

Summary: This article discusses the impact of Alzheimer's disease on public health, including its incidence, prevalence, mortality and morbidity rates, healthcare costs and caregivers' burden. It also addresses the perspectives of consumers and primary care physicians on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the need for improved awareness, diagnosis, and treatment. The article emphasizes the increasing number of individuals living with Alzheimer's and the challenges faced by caregivers and healthcare providers, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease: An overview of experimental models and reality

Chuan Qin et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that can be improved by stem cell transplantation, which has the potential to ameliorate cognitive deficits. Stem cell transplantation has inherent advantages in improving cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction, but certain limitations need to be overcome.

ANIMAL MODELS AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease-preparing for a new era of disease-modifying therapies

Henrik Zetterberg et al.

Summary: Clinical trial results indicate that antibody-based removal of Aβ plaques may slow cognitive decline in symptomatic AD, highlighting the need to identify suitable biomarkers for treatment. Further research into copathologies is necessary to facilitate the development and implementation of novel drug candidates against AD.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Advances in nanomedicines for diagnosis of central nervous system disorders

Xun Zhang et al.

Summary: Despite advancements in medical services and lifespan, there has been a sharp increase in CNS disorders, posing challenges in diagnosis and delivery of diagnostic agents, especially across the blood-brain barrier. The use of nanomaterials is seen as a promising strategy to address these challenges, but further development is needed to overcome current obstacles in CNS diagnostics.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tackling Alzheimer's Disease with Existing Drugs: A Promising Strategy for Bypassing Obstacles

Angela Rampa et al.

Summary: The unmet need for effective drugs for Alzheimer's disease is a major challenge in drug discovery. Drug repurposing has become an attractive approach to obtain new medications and reduce time and economic burden. Different classes of drugs show promising effects on neurodegenerative diseases, with structural modifications resulting in multifunctional compounds.

CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Biology

Potential and Limits of Cannabinoids in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy

Giulia Abate et al.

Summary: This paper summarizes the potential and limitations of cannabinoids as therapeutics for AD, focusing on recent pre-clinical and clinical evidence. AD is a detrimental brain disorder characterized by cognitive decline and neuronal deterioration, with current treatments effective only in the early stages. Emerging research shows promising effects of cannabinoids in reducing amyloid plaque deposition and stimulating hippocampal neurogenesis in AD rodent models.

BIOLOGY-BASEL (2021)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Recent advances with liposomes as drug carriers for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases

Min-Wook Seo et al.

Summary: A major challenge in treating neurogenerative diseases is delivering drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Liposome-based drug delivery systems with surface modification of BBB-targeting ligands have been developed to improve drug delivery efficiency for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Understanding the pathophysiological changes at the BBB is crucial for improving the BBB penetration of liposomes.

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanotechnology Enables Novel Modalities for Neuromodulation

Xiao Yang et al.

Summary: The article discusses the importance of neuromodulation as a research tool and therapeutic approach for brain disorders, highlighting the recent advancements in nanotechnology enabling novel neuromodulation modalities. It summarizes the research progress and outlines current challenges and future directions for next-generation neuromodulation modalities.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Increased P2x2 receptors induced by amyloid-beta peptide participates in the neurotoxicity in alzheimer's disease

Pamela A. Godoy et al.

Summary: The study found that A beta oligomers can increase the levels of P2x2, which are seen in late stages of AD patients, leading to changes in Fe65 and PGC-1 alpha levels. Overexpression of P2x2a in PC12 cells also replicated these changes, along with increased levels of A beta.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Biology

MIEF1/2 orchestrate mitochondrial dynamics through direct engagement with both the fission and fusion machineries

Rong Yu et al.

Summary: Our study reveals that MIEFs play a key role in regulating both fission and fusion machineries by interacting with fusion proteins Mfn1 and Mfn2, providing a novel mechanism for balancing mitochondrial dynamics in mammals.

BMC BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Advances in Brain Amyloid Imaging

Natasha Krishnadas et al.

Summary: Amyloid-beta PET imaging has been available for over 15 years, greatly improving the clinical and research landscape of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. It has proven to be a powerful diagnostic tool and invaluable in anti-A beta therapy trials. The combination of A beta PET with comprehensive clinical evaluation by dementia-trained specialists can significantly enhance the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and alter management of AD.

SEMINARS IN NUCLEAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Electroencephalography as a Non-Invasive Biomarker of Alzheimer's Disease: A Forgotten Candidate to Substitute CSF Molecules?

Paloma Monllor et al.

Summary: Biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis should be objective, quantifiable, reproducible, and allow repeated measurements over time. This review focuses on the usefulness and limitations of electroencephalography (EEG) as a potential source for Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, emphasizing the need for new non-invasive biomarkers in addition to traditional ones.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Targetable Pathways for Alleviating Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegeneration of Metabolic and Non-Metabolic Diseases

Lauren Elizabeth Millichap et al.

Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, leading to neuronal damage. The brain is highly vulnerable to oxidative damage due to its high metabolic demand and low antioxidant defense systems, which can result in tissue damage and activation of inflammatory processes.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Genetic Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review

Matthew J. Lennon et al.

Summary: The article discusses the prospects and challenges of genetic therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, exploring potential targets and ongoing clinical trials. While genetic therapy offers new opportunities for treating AD, several challenges need to be overcome before its successful application.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Plasma p-tau231: a new biomarker for incipient Alzheimer's disease pathology

Nicholas J. Ashton et al.

Summary: Plasma phosphorylated tau231 is a promising biomarker for detecting Alzheimer's disease, accurately distinguishing AD patients from others and showing potential for early detection of pathology. Its performance is strong across various disease settings and it correlates well with other indicators of AD progression.

ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Coordination chemistry of ligands: Insights into the design of amyloid beta/tau-PET imaging probes and nanoparticles-based therapies for Alzheimer's disease

Subramanian Tamil Selvan et al.

Summary: The diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases are crucial, especially the challenges in diagnosing and treating Alzheimer's disease. Apart from Aβ PET scanning, research is focused on developing various probes. Recent studies are centered on creating radiotracers with high affinity for tau NFTs.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Delivery of coenzyme Q10 with mitochondria-targeted nanocarrier attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice

Zhaohui Liu et al.

Summary: The study developed mitochondria-targeted nanoparticles for the delivery of Coenzyme Q10 to treat renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The nanoparticles effectively attenuated oxidative injury, suppressed inflammatory and apoptotic responses, and improved renal function in cell and animal models, providing a valuable and efficient method for protecting against inflammatory and oxidative responses in I/R-induced renal damage.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Functional nanomaterials in peripheral nerve regeneration: Scaffold design, chemical principles and microenvironmental remodeling

Yun Qian et al.

Summary: The imbalance of neuronal microenvironment is crucial in the process of neural regeneration. Traditional neural-supporting scaffolds lack biomimetic nanotechnology designs and modifications, making them unsatisfactory. Nanomaterial-based scaffolds show better regenerative effects with enhanced biochemical and physicochemical properties.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Review Pathology

Nanomaterial-based Optical and Electrochemical Biosensors for Amyloid beta and Tau: Potential for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

Le Minh Tu Phan et al.

Summary: The study highlights the potential of advanced biosensors as standardized clinical diagnostic tools for AD, paving the way for new and efficient AD control with minimal economic and social burden. Nanobiosensors for measuring Aβ and Tau simultaneously offer innovative diagnosis of AD and significant contributions to primary Alzheimer's care intervention after clinical trial.

EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Gene therapy using Aβvariants for amyloid reduction

Kyung-Won Park et al.

Summary: Numerous aggregation inhibitors have been developed to block or reverse toxic amyloid formation in vivo, with recent studies focusing on short peptide inhibitors targeting different amyloidogenic regions. By creating a minigene to express full-length AO variants in the mouse brain, researchers have identified two variants that show promising therapeutic properties and used AAV delivery to express them in transgenic mice, leading to potential new strategies for Alzheimer's disease treatment, as well as a framework for developing tailored peptide inhibitors for other protein misfolding diseases.

MOLECULAR THERAPY (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Gene-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases

Jichao Sun et al.

Summary: Gene therapy is experiencing a resurgence, particularly in the realm of neurodegenerative diseases, offering the potential to target disease etiology and provide long-term correction. Recent successes in spinal muscular atrophy using gene-based therapies have sparked optimism and highlighted the potential for similar interventions in other neurodegenerative diseases. Advances in viral vectors and genome-engineering tools have opened up new possibilities for diffusely delivering genes throughout the CNS and manipulating disease pathways, paving the way for a future where gene-based therapeutics are integrated into clinical practice.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Mathematical & Computational Biology

Machine Learning to Predict Brain Amyloid Pathology in Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease Using QEEG Features and Genetic Algorithm Heuristic

Nam Heon Kim et al.

Summary: The study utilized a qEEG-ML algorithm to predict A beta pathology, achieving high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in classifying amyloid positive/negative cases in patients with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. The analysis of EEG data from different frequency bands contributed to the success of this classification method.

FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Systemic delivery of a specific antibody targeting the pathological N-terminal truncated tau peptide reduces retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease

Valentina Latina et al.

Summary: The retina and optic nerve are sites of extra-cerebral manifestations of Alzheimer's Disease, with tau protein truncation leading to pathological changes and administration of the specific 12A12mAb showing beneficial effects on ocular injury. This research opens new avenues for the clinical management of cerebral and extracerebral AD signs by targeting tau protein modifications and their neuroprotective actions.

ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Bio-inspired amyloid polypeptides: From self-assembly to nanostructure design and biotechnological applications

Yi Lai et al.

Summary: This article explores the development and applications of amyloid polypeptide-based nanostructures in biotechnological applications. It emphasizes the importance of thermodynamic and kinetic factors in self-assembly and summarizes cutting-edge advances and challenges in engineering amyloid peptide nanomaterials.

APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Tau-Targeted Multifunctional Nanoinhibitor for Alzheimer's Disease

Lin Zhu et al.

Summary: With traditional drugs failing in AD treatment, tau protein has emerged as a new therapeutic target. A multifunctional nano-inhibitor based on nanotechnology has been developed to inhibit tau aggregation, degrade tau aggregates, and reduce their toxicity to neural cells.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Association Between Plasma Amyloid-β and Neuropsychological Performance in Patients With Cognitive Decline

Gyihyaon Yun et al.

Summary: The study found significant differences in plasma A beta (42/40) levels between the normal control group and Alzheimer's disease group, which best predicted the amyloid PET positivity. Higher levels of plasma A beta (42/40) were negatively correlated with verbal and visual memory performance.

FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

The application of multifunctional nanomaterials in Alzheimer?s disease: A potential theranostics strategy

Yilan Xu et al.

Summary: Nanomaterials, due to their small size, can cross the blood-brain barrier and achieve high bioavailability when modified for specific cell targeting; they show promising potential as agents for treating neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's disease, with studies indicating the potential for slowing down disease progression through enhanced therapeutic effects.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Update on neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease

Irene Sintini et al.

Summary: Recent neuroimaging studies have significantly contributed to our understanding of how Alzheimer's disease pathological hallmarks spread across the brain and impact neuronal networks. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of the disease progression and emphasize the importance of multimodal imaging approaches in developing disease-modifying therapeutics.

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Koji Kamagata et al.

Summary: With the rapid increase in aging societies worldwide, there has been a growing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the urgent need for biomarkers to enable early intervention. Diffusion MRI is a promising tool for inferring microstructural characteristics of the brain, and new technologies are being developed to overcome the limitations of diffusion tensor imaging.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Antisense oligonucleotides for Alzheimer's disease therapy: from the mRNA to miRNA paradigm

Wioleta Grabowska-Pyrzewicz et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease poses a therapeutic challenge due to its complex etiology, with recent progress in ASO-based approaches showing promising potential for multi-targeted therapy.

EBIOMEDICINE (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Extensive frontal focused ultrasound mediated blood-brain barrier opening for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a proof-of-concept study

So Hee Park et al.

Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the safety and potential benefits of repeated extensive BBB opening for patients with AD. Results indicated that the therapy could help remove amyloid plaque to some extent, but further research is needed to ensure the sustainability of the effects.

TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Nanoparticle-Guided Brain Drug Delivery: Expanding the Therapeutic Approach to Neurodegenerative Diseases

Claudia Riccardi et al.

Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of aging-related disorders characterized by progressive impairment of motor and/or cognitive functions. Diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's are classified as protein misfolding diseases and currently lack effective treatment options. Nanotechnology offers promise in delivering therapeutic solutions for these diseases by crossing the blood-brain barrier to release active molecules in the brain.

PHARMACEUTICS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

The Protective A673T Mutation of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Alzheimer's Disease

Qing Xia et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of amyloid beta peptides and Tau protein in the brain. Mutations in amyloid precursor protein gene can cause familial Alzheimer's disease, but the A673T mutation shows protective effects against it.

MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

A blood-based diagnostic test incorporating plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, ApoE proteotype, and age accurately identifies brain amyloid status: findings from a multi cohort validity analysis

Tim West et al.

Summary: The development of a high-resolution mass spectrometry-based plasma biomarker test shows strong diagnostic performance in distinguishing brain amyloid status for Alzheimer's disease and may enhance the efficiency of enrolling participants into AD drug trials.

MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Plasmonic Nanoparticles as Optical Sensing Probes for the Detection of Alzheimer's Disease

Maria Paz Oyarzun et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease, a common type of dementia, presents a challenge in developing diagnostic tools. Nanomaterials, particularly plasmonic nanoparticles, show promise in enhancing the sensitivity of detecting AD-related biomarkers in body fluids.

SENSORS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Application of Antibody Fragments Against Aβ With Emphasis on Combined Application With Nanoparticles in Alzheimer's Disease

Zhi-Ting Sun et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with amyloid-beta peptide playing a key role in its pathogenesis. While monoclonal antibody studies face challenges, antibody fragments offer advantages and their combination with nanoparticles can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Brain Targeting and Aβ Binding Bifunctional Nanoparticles Inhibit Amyloid Protein Aggregation in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice

Xiancheng Zhang et al.

Summary: Through phage display technology, a study identified Aβ oligomer binding peptide and brain targeting peptide, and developed a bifunctional nanoparticle for the treatment of AD, showing significant effects in animal models.

ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

The role of the immune system in Alzheimer's disease

Kai-Min Wu et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles, with increasing evidence suggesting that the immune system plays a vital role in AD etiology and pathogenesis. The recognition of misfolded proteins by immune cells can lead to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, while genetic susceptibility and other immune-related factors also contribute to AD development. Further research on immune cell alterations, gene susceptibility, and immune-related mechanisms may provide new insights for potential immunotherapies and biomarkers for AD.

AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Retinal Amyloid Imaging for Screening Alzheimer's Disease

Koh Tadokoro et al.

Summary: In this study, retinal amyloid deposition was found to be greater in AD patients compared to normal controls, with a slight but insignificant increase in those with mild cognitive impairment. Retinal amyloid deposition was correlated with whole gray matter atrophy but not with cognitive scores or medial temporal lobe atrophy.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurotransmitters, Cytokines, and Chemokines in Alzheimer's and Lewy Body Diseases

Mychael Lourenco et al.

Summary: The study aimed to determine concentrations of multiple cytokines, chemokines, and neurotransmitters in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD and LBD patients. Results showed alterations in levels of noradrenaline, homovanillic acid, and vascular endothelial growth factor in the CSF of these patients, suggesting possible pathogenic features and diagnostic tools for these disorders. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings in larger, multicenter cohorts.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nanomaterials for Modulating the Aggregation of β-Amyloid Peptides

Yaliang Huang et al.

Summary: The article provides an overview of recent efforts in utilizing nanomaterials for effective platforms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. The discussion on the modulation of A beta aggregation may help researchers understand the critical roles of therapeutic agents and provide new insight into exploring promising anti-amyloid agents and tactics in AD theranostics.

MOLECULES (2021)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

ALZHEIMER'S DRUG APPROVAL COULD AFFECT OTHER DISEASES

Asher Mullard

NATURE (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

The case for low-level BACE1 inhibition for the prevention of Alzheimer disease

Eric McDade et al.

Summary: All phase III trials of BACE inhibitors for Alzheimer disease have been discontinued or produced negative results. However, the authors believe that BACE inhibitors still hold promise as a preventative therapy for AD and suggest a series of experiments to inform future trials. The authors also discuss the status of BACE inhibitors and propose ways in which the results of discontinued trials can inform the development of future clinical trials.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Pathology and Its Association With Amyloid-β PET Signal

Stuart J. McCarter et al.

Summary: This study found that pathologically confirmed regional CAA burden did not significantly affect proximal antemortem regional PiB-PET signal, indicating that amyloid PET imaging for measurement of cortical amyloid burden is not influenced by CAA at a lobar level. Further investigation is needed to determine if CAA burden contributes to PiB-PET signal in patients with severe CAA phenotypes, such as lobar hemorrhage.

NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Mini-review: Amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease

Dmitry V. Zaretsky et al.

Summary: Alzheimer's disease is most commonly caused by the neuronal death initiated by oligomeric amyloid-beta peptides. The degradation of amyloid in lysosomes leads to autophagy failure and decreased metabolism, ultimately resulting in cell death. The proposed hypothesis offers insight into potential pharmacological targets for treating Alzheimer's disease.

NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

CSF and Plasma Cholinergic Markers in Patients With Cognitive Impairment

Azadeh Karami et al.

Summary: This study investigated the soluble levels of the key cholinergic enzyme, ChAT, in both plasma and CSF of individuals at different clinical stages of dementia. The results suggest an inverse U-shape dynamic of changes in cholinergic signaling in the brain in the continuum of AD, which greatly differs from the changes observed in the plasma compartment. Further validation is needed to confirm these findings.

FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Nanoparticles: A Hope for the Treatment of Inflammation in CNS

Feng-Dan Zhu et al.

Summary: Neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and inhibiting the over-activation of microglia is a promising approach for treatment.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

PET Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease

Rong Zhou et al.

Summary: Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, and molecular imaging techniques have provided valuable insights into its involvement in disease progression. The development of new generation translocator protein tracers and other imaging technologies offers promise for monitoring disease progression and identifying potential targets for future research.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's Disease: A Machine Learning Approach to CSF Proteomics

Lorenzo Gaetani et al.

Summary: In this study, novel protein biomarkers reflecting neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease were identified using a high-throughput multiplex CSF analysis coupled with machine-learning. These biomarkers, including SIRT2, HGF, MMP-10, and CXCL5, showed high discriminatory performance in distinguishing AD patients from controls. The biological processes regulated by these proteins involve astrocyte and microglia activation, modulation of amyloid and tau misfolding, and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier. Additional studies are needed to confirm these results and validate proximity extension assay as a technique for biomarker discovery in neurological diseases.

CELLS (2021)

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Meeting Abstract Psychiatry

A populational review of the amyloid precursor protein gene mutations relevant to alzheimer's disease

I. M. Balmus et al.

EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Genetic screening in early-onset Alzheimer's disease identified three novel presenilin mutations

Tsz Hang Wong et al.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Alzheimer's Disease Targeted Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Gulcem Altinoglu et al.

CURRENT DRUG TARGETS (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Efficacy and Safety of Lanabecestat for Treatment of Early and Mild Alzheimer Disease The AMARANTH and DAYBREAK-ALZ Randomized Clinical Trials

Alette M. Wessels et al.

JAMA NEUROLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational Design of a Cocktail of Inhibitors against Aβ Aggregation

Gao Li et al.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Neurosciences

Predicting Amyloid-beta Levels in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Machine Learning Techniques

Ali Ezzati et al.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2020)

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Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Detecting Alzheimer's disease Based on 4D fMRI: An exploration under deep learning framework

Wei Li et al.

NEUROCOMPUTING (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanomedicine-based immunotherapy for central nervous system disorders

Sumaira Hanif et al.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Non-invasive Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment-A State-of-the-Art Review on Methodological Characteristics and Stimulation Parameters

Adrienn Holczer et al.

FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Combination Drug Therapy for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease

Md. Tanvir Kabir et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

GSK3β and Tau Protein in Alzheimer's Disease and Epilepsy

Danira Toral-Rios et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Blood phosphorylated tau 181 as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease: a diagnostic performance and prediction modelling data from four cohorts

Thomas K. Karikari et al.

LANCET NEUROLOGY (2020)

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Review Immunology

A Path Toward Precision Medicine for Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease

Harald Hampel et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biology

Late-life restoration of mitochondrial function reverses cardiac dysfunction in old mice

Ying Ann Chiao et al.

ELIFE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Discriminative Accuracy of Plasma Phospho-tau217 for Alzheimer Disease vs Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

Sebastian Palmqvist et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gabapentin Inhibits Multiple Steps in the Amyloid Beta Toxicity Cascade

Juliana Gonzalez-Sanmiguel et al.

ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fluorescent Diagnostic Probes in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Jin Zhou et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Mitophagy coordination with retrograde transport ensures the integrity of synaptic mitochondria

Sinsuk Han et al.

AUTOPHAGY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tau molecular diversity contributes to clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease

Simon Dujardin et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Targeting tau: Clinical trials and novel therapeutic approaches

Lawren VandeVrede et al.

NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Neuroinflammation Treatment via Targeted Delivery of Nanoparticles

Susana R. Cerqueira et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Gene Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Slowing Down the Ticking Clock

Raygene Martier et al.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease

Xin-Yu Liu et al.

WORLD JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS (2020)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Nanomaterials for the treatment and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: An overview

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NANOIMPACT (2020)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease Early Diagnosis

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JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Polymer Science

Advancements in the Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrating Nanoplatforms for Brain Related Disease Diagnostics and Therapeutic Applications

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Review Biology

Vaccination against β-Amyloid as a Strategy for the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease

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BIOLOGY-BASEL (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Nanobiosensors for Non-Amyloidbeta-Tau Biomarkers as Advanced Reporters of Alzheimer's Disease

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DIAGNOSTICS (2020)

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PET imaging of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders

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LANCET NEUROLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biosensors for detection of Tau protein as an Alzheimer's disease marker

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Current status and future prospects of stem cell therapy in Alzheimer's disease

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NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Toxic tau: structural origins of tau aggregation in Alzheimer's disease

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NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH (2020)

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Microglia-targeting nanotherapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases

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APL BIOENGINEERING (2020)

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Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Dementia: An Update

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NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2019)

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Review Neurosciences

The Importance of the Validation of M/EEG With Current Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease

Fernando Maestu et al.

FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE (2019)

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Adeno-associated virus vector as a platform for gene therapy delivery

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NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2019)

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Deep brain stimulation: current challenges and future directions

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NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2019)

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Oxidative stress, dysfunctional glucose metabolism and Alzheimer disease

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NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System

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NANOMATERIALS (2019)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: Role in pathogenesis and novel therapeutic opportunities

Judit M. Perez Ortiz et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Adeno-associated virus as a gene therapy vector: strategies to neutralize the neutralizing antibodies

Majid Lotfinia et al.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2019)

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Editorial Material Clinical Neurology

Alzheimer disease and aducanumab: adjusting our approach

Dennis J. Selkoe

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

Molecular imaging identifies age-related attenuation of acetylcholine in retrosplenial cortex in response to acetylcholinesterase inhibition

Theodosia Vallianatou et al.

NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From a Mitochondrial Point of View

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OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Latest Trends in Electrochemical Sensors for Neurotransmitters: A Review

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SENSORS (2019)

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Contrast Agents Delivery: An Up-to-Date Review of Nanodiagnostics in Neuroimaging

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NANOMATERIALS (2019)

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Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

'Modelling mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease using human induced pluripotent stem cells

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WORLD JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS (2019)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Variability in the validity and reliability of outcome measures identified in a systematic review to assess treatment efficacy of cognitive enhancers for Alzheimer's Dementia

Charlene Soobiah et al.

PLOS ONE (2019)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for Neural Regeneration

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PHARMACEUTICS (2019)

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Article Cell Biology

Lifelong choline supplementation ameliorates Alzheimer's disease pathology and associated cognitive deficits by attenuating microglia activation

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AGING CELL (2019)

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Neurosteroids as regulators of neuroinflammation

Canelif Yilmaz et al.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Nutrients in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease

Anna Laura Cremonini et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2019)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Topographical Heterogeneity of Alzheimer's Disease Based on MR Imaging, Tau PET, and Amyloid PET

Seun Jeon et al.

FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE (2019)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Mitochondria as Potential Targets in Alzheimer Disease Therapy: An Update

Giovanna Cenini et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanoparticle-mediated approaches for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutics

Sajini D. Hettiarachchi et al.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2019)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Longitudinal tau accumulation and atrophy in aging and alzheimer disease

Theresa M. Harrison et al.

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanomaterials towards Biosensing of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers

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NANOMATERIALS (2019)

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Review Psychiatry

Stem cell therapies for Alzheimer's disease: is it time?

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CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY (2019)

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Review Neurosciences

Tau Abnormalities and the Potential Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease

Hasan A. M. M. Almansoub et al.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Intracellular sensing of viral genomes and viral evasion

Hyun-Cheol Lee et al.

EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2019)

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Review Clinical Neurology

A critical appraisal of amyloid-βtargeting therapies for Alzheimer disease

Francesco Panza et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

A parameter-efficient deep learning approach to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease

Simeon Spasov et al.

NEUROIMAGE (2019)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Associations between tau, Aβ, and cortical thickness with cognition in Alzheimer disease

Rik Ossenkoppele et al.

NEUROLOGY (2019)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Diet and Inflammation in Cognitive Ageing and Alzheimer's Disease

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CURRENT NUTRITION REPORTS (2019)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Alzheimer's disease pathology propagation by exosomes containing toxic amyloid-beta oligomers

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ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA (2018)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Plasma phospho-tau181 increases with Alzheimer's disease clinical severity and is associated with tau- and amyloid-positron emission tomography

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ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2018)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Therapeutic Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on Neuroinflammation and Neuroplasticity in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: a Placebo-Controlled Study

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

In Vivo MRI of Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Brain Inflammation

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CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING (2018)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging

Jennifer L. Whitwell

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY (2018)

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Molecular biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: progress and prospects

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DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS (2018)

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Microelectrode Biosensors for invivo Analysis of Brain Interstitial Fluid

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ELECTROANALYSIS (2018)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

An Overview on the Clinical Development of Tau-Based Therapeutics

Miguel Medina

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2018)

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Review Neurosciences

Mitochondria and Mitochondrial Cascades in Alzheimer's Disease

Russell H. Swerdlow

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2018)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Nanoelectronics enabled chronic multimodal neural platform in a mouse ischemic model

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JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS (2018)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Antibody-functionalized polymer nanoparticle leading to memory recovery in Alzheimer's disease-like transgenic mouse model

Dario Carradori et al.

NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2018)

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High performance plasma amyloid-β biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

Akinori Nakamura et al.

NATURE (2018)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Tau-targeting therapies for Alzheimer disease

Erin E. Congdon et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2018)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Association of Retinal Neurodegeneration on Optical Coherence Tomography With Dementia A Population-Based Study

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JAMA NEUROLOGY (2018)

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Review Neurosciences

Emerging Biosensing Technologies for Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Disease Diagnostics

Catarina M. Abreu et al.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE (2018)

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Review Immunology

Prospects for strain-specific immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies

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NPJ VACCINES (2018)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Calcium signaling in Alzheimer's disease & therapies

Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH (2018)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: current status and prospects for the future

K. Blennow et al.

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Impact of nanoparticles on amyloid peptide and protein aggregation: a review with a focus on gold nanoparticles

Torsten John et al.

NANOSCALE (2018)

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Article Clinical Neurology

CSF biomarkers of neuroinflammation and cerebrovascular dysfunction in early Alzheimer disease

Shorena Janelidze et al.

NEUROLOGY (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Time course of focused ultrasound effects on β-amyloid plaque pathology in the TgCRND8 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Charissa T. Poon et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Two distinct profiles of fMRI and neurophysiological activity elicited by acetylcholine in visual cortex

Daniel Zaldivar et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Old Drugs as New Treatments for Neurodegenerative Diseases

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PHARMACEUTICALS (2018)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Recent Advances in Cholinergic Imaging and Cognitive Decline-Revisiting the Cholinergic Hypothesis of Dementia

Nicolaas I. Bohnen et al.

CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS (2018)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Therapeutic Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease

Irene Gonsalvez et al.

CURRENT ALZHEIMER RESEARCH (2017)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Amyloid Imaging: Poised for Integration into Medical Practice

Keshav Anand et al.

NEUROTHERAPEUTICS (2017)

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Article Cell Biology

Anti-tau antibody administration increases plasma tau in transgenic mice and patients with tauopathy

Kiran Yanamandra et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2017)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Association of Plasma Total Tau Level With Cognitive Decline and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia in the Mayo Clinic Study on Aging

Michelle M. Mielke et al.

JAMA NEUROLOGY (2017)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Amyloid beta: structure, biology and structure-based therapeutic development

Guo-fang Chen et al.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2017)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

18F-AV-1451 and CSF T-tau and P-tau as biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease

Niklas Mattsson et al.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2017)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Melanopsin Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss in Alzheimer Disease

Chiara La Morgia et al.

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (2016)

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Review Neurosciences

The Role of Cdk5 in Alzheimer's Disease

Shu-Lei Liu et al.

MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2016)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Mitochondrial Biogenesis as a Pharmacological Target: A New Approach to Acute and Chronic Diseases

Ryan M. Whitaker et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 56 (2016)

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Review Biophysics

Nano-biosensors to detect beta-amyloid for Alzheimer's disease management

Ajeet Kaushik et al.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2016)

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Article Neurosciences

A mitochondrial division inhibitor, Mdivi-1, inhibits mitochondrial fragmentation and attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death

Hwajin Kim et al.

BMC NEUROSCIENCE (2016)

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Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Alzheimer's disease: The use of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging to detect amyloid beta peptide inside the brain

Milena Salerno et al.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2016)

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Article Neurosciences

A Novel Small Molecule Modulator of Amyloid Pathology

Mark A. Lovell et al.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2016)

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Article Neurosciences

PET Imaging of Tau Deposition in the Aging Human Brain

Michael Schoell et al.

NEURON (2016)

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Article Neurosciences

CENTRAL CHOLINERGIC PATHWAY INVOLVEMENT IN THE REGULATION OF PUPIL DIAMETER, BLINK RATE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION

Preshanta Naicker et al.

NEUROSCIENCE (2016)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Amyloid proteotoxicity initiates an inflammatory response blocked by cannabinoids

Antonio Currais et al.

NPJ AGING AND MECHANISMS OF DISEASE (2016)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Identification of preclinical Alzheimer's disease by a profile of pathogenic proteins in neurally derived blood exosomes: A case-control study

Massimo S. Fiandaca et al.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2015)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A strategy to passively reduce neuroinflammation surrounding devices implanted chronically in brain tissue by manipulating device surface permeability

John L. Skousen et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2015)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Movement of magnetic nanoparticles in brain tissue: mechanisms and impact on normal neuronal function

Bharath Ramaswamy et al.

NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Graphene quantum dots for the inhibition of beta amyloid aggregation

Yibiao Liu et al.

NANOSCALE (2015)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gene therapy for neurodegenerative diseases

Deirdre M. O'Connor et al.

TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2015)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Improved Diagnostic Multimodal Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Antonio Martinez-Torteya et al.

BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL (2015)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Relationship between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-mental State Examination for assessment of mild cognitive impairment in older adults

Paula T. Trzepacz et al.

BMC GERIATRICS (2015)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

A review on mitochondrial restorative mechanism of antioxidants in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological conditions

Anil Kumar et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2015)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Intraventricular Delivery of siRNA Nanoparticles to the Central Nervous System

Rishab Shyam et al.

MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS (2015)

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Editorial Material Clinical Neurology

PET imaging of tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies

Olga G. James et al.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY (2015)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Inhibition of Amyloid-β Aggregation in Alzheimer's Disease

Qiuming Wang et al.

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN (2014)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Amyloid fibrils nucleated and organized by DNA origami constructions

Anuttara Udomprasert et al.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Nature of the neurotoxic membrane actions of amyloid-β on hippocampal neurons in Alzheimer's disease

Fernando J. Sepulveda et al.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING (2014)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Preparation and Characterization of Methylene blue Nanoparticles for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies

Umesh K. Jinwal et al.

CURRENT DRUG DELIVERY (2014)

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Review Neurosciences

EEG and MEG: Relevance to Neuroscience

Fernando Lopes da Silva

NEURON (2013)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

A Review of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the in vivo Functional Evaluation of Central Cholinergic Circuits in Dementia

Raffaele Nardone et al.

DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS (2011)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Small molecule blockers of the Alzheimer Aβ calcium channel potently protect neurons from Aβ cytotoxicity

Juan Carlos Diaz et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2009)

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Article Biophysics

Efficiency of Histidine-Associating Compounds for Blocking the Alzheimer's Aβ Channel Activity and Cytotoxicity

Nelson Arispe et al.

BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2008)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Mild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment, no dementia: Part B, therapy

Fadi Massoud et al.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2007)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease brain: New insights from redox proteomics

D. Allan Butterfield et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2006)

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