Enhanced antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of gold nanoparticles green synthesized using blossom extract of Azadirachta indica: In vitro studies

This study describes the in situ biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using neem blossom (Azadirachta indica) extract with enhanced in vitro anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed by the characteristic optical response through the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band observed around 530 nm. The effect of phytochemical in the formation of AuNPs was investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of reaction parameters such as temperature, pH and precursor con-centration on the size and surface morphology of AuNPs was optimized using the SPR band. The metallic form of phytosynthesised AuNPs was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) results with a distinctive binding energy difference of 4f shells Delta E = 3.8 eV. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirmed the crystalline nature of the particles formed. The antioxidant property of AuNPs demonstrated the influence of phytochemical surfactants coated on the surface of AuNPs and the results revealed the higher antioxidant (90 %) efficiency compared to standard ascorbic acid. phytosynthesised AuNPs demonstrated 79 % enzyme inhibition efficiency in alpha-amylase assays. The antimicrobial evaluation results revealed the exceptional microbicidal efficacy of AuNPs against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Phytochemically acti-vated AuNPs showed improved antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic properties and it could be a promising candidate for biological applications in medicine.

Automated summary

This study describes the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using neem blossom extract, resulting in enhanced in vitro anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. The formation and characteristics of the nanoparticles were confirmed using various methods, such as surface plasmon resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The particles showed crystalline nature and demonstrated high antioxidant efficiency and enzyme inhibition in assays. The nanoparticles also exhibited exceptional microbicidal efficacy against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, suggesting their potential for biomedical applications.