Nanotechnological interventions in bacteriocin formulations - advances, and scope for challenging food spoilage bacteria and drug-resistant foodborne pathogens

Food spoilage bacteria (FSB) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) foodborne pathogens have emerged as one of the principal public health concerns in the twenty first century. The harmful effects of FSB lead to economic losses for the food industries. Similarly, MDR foodborne pathogens are accountable for multiple illnesses and pose a threat to consumers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish effective formulations for successful application against such microorganisms. In this context, the fusion of knowledge from biotechnology and nanotechnology can explore endless possibilities in the development of innovative formulations against FSB and foodborne pathogens. The current review critically examines the application of bacteriocins in the food industry and the use of nanomaterials to enhance the antimicrobial activity, stability, and precision in the target delivery of bacteriocins. This review also explores the technologies involved in the development of bacteriocin-based nanoformulations and their action against FSB and MDR foodborne pathogens, offering new possibilities in preservation technologies and addressing food safety issues in the food industry. The review highlights the challenges in the commercialization and technoeconomical feasibility of nanobacteriocin. Overall, it provides essential information and interpretation about nanotechnological advancements in bacteriocin formulation action against FSB and foodborne pathogens and future scopes.

Automated summary

Food spoilage bacteria and multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens are major public health concerns, causing economic losses and posing threats to consumers. The fusion of biotechnology and nanotechnology offers potential in developing effective formulations against these microorganisms. This review critically examines the application of bacteriocins and nanomaterials in the food industry, exploring their antimicrobial activity and precision in delivery. It highlights the challenges in commercialization and provides essential information on the nanotechnological advancements and future scopes in combating food spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens.