4.8 Article

Novel Prediction Equations for Absolute Risk Assessment of Total Cardiovascular Disease Incorporating Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

相关参考文献

注意:仅列出部分参考文献,下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Major cardiovascular events and subsequent risk of kidney failure with replacement therapy: a CKD Prognosis Consortium study

Patrick B. Mark et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and future risk of kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT). It found that both prevalent and incident CVD were strongly associated with KFRT risk, with incident HF showing the strongest association.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2023)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Predictive Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models Across Black and White Race, Sex, and Age Groups

Chuan Hong et al.

Summary: This study compared the performance of stroke-specific algorithms with pooled cohort equations for the prediction of new-onset stroke across different subgroups. The existing stroke-specific risk prediction models and novel machine learning techniques did not significantly improve discriminative accuracy for new-onset stroke compared with the pooled cohort equations, and the REGARDS self-report model had the best calibration.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease or Heart Failure: First Cardiovascular Event in Adults With Prediabetes and Diabetes

Arjun Sinha et al.

Summary: People with prediabetes and diabetes are at increased risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and heart failure (HF), but it is unknown which disease is more likely to occur first in different race-sex groups.

JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE (2023)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association of Longitudinal Activity Measures and Diabetes Risk: An Analysis From the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program

Andrew S. Perry et al.

Summary: This study used data from commercial wearable devices and electronic health records to investigate the relationship between physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a real-world population. The results showed that increased time spent in any type of physical activity was associated with a lower risk of T2DM, regardless of age, sex, BMI, or sedentary time.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2023)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Albuminuria and Heart Failure JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Muhammad Shahzeb Khan et al.

Summary: Although chronic kidney disease is characterized by low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or albuminuria, estimated GFR (eGFR) is more widely utilized as a marker of risk profile in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF). The presence and magnitude of albuminuria confers a strong prognostic association in forecasting risk of incident HF as well as its progression, irrespective of eGFR. This narrative review assesses the potential role of albuminuria in risk profiling for development and progression of HF, its strengths and limitations as a risk marker, and the implications of adopting albuminuria as an effective parameter in cardiovascular trials and practice.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Results of a Remotely Delivered Hypertension and Lipid Program in More Than 10 000 Patients Across a Diverse Health Care Network

Alexander J. Blood et al.

Summary: This study implemented and evaluated a remote hypertension and cholesterol management program in a diverse healthcare network. The program resulted in improved blood pressure and cholesterol control among patients, regardless of their race, ethnicity, or primary language.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Has the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic reversed the trends in CV mortality between 1999 and 2019 in the United States?

Ofer Kobo et al.

Summary: Cardiovascular mortality increased by 4.6% in the United States in 2020 compared to 2019, with the highest increases observed among adults under 55 and Black and Hispanic populations. There was an increase in deaths from ischaemic heart disease, hypertensive disease, and cerebrovascular disease, but a decline in heart failure mortality.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Epidemiology of Diabetes and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Among Asian American Adults: Implications, Management, and Future Directions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Tak S. Kwan et al.

Summary: Asian American individuals are the fastest growing racial and ethnic group in the US. However, there is a lack of individual study on the different subgroups of Asian Americans regarding type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This scientific statement aims to summarize the latest data on demographics, prevalence, biology, genetics, interventions, and impact on these diseases among Asian Americans. The report emphasizes the need for more research and inclusion of Asian American subgroups in order to address the disparities within this population.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Optimizing Prepregnancy Cardiovascular Health to Improve Outcomes in Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals and Offspring: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

Summary: This scientific statement summarizes the evidence supporting the impact of prepregnancy cardiovascular health on adverse pregnancy outcomes and cardiovascular disease. Disparities exist in cardiovascular health by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geography. Attention on the prepregnancy period is crucial for optimizing cardiovascular health. Clinicians can promote cardiovascular health beginning in childhood, and research is needed on prepregnancy interventions. Community-level and policy-level changes are also necessary to improve equitable and high-quality healthcare.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Twenty Years of Cardiovascular Complications and Risk Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Swedish Cohort Study

Naveed Sattar et al.

Summary: The goal of this study was to analyze the trends in cardiovascular events and cardiometabolic risk factor levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and matched control subjects. The results showed a decreasing trend in the risk and rates of atherosclerotic complications and heart failure in individuals with T2D, although the incidence of heart failure has plateaued in recent years. Modifiable risk factors within target levels were associated with lower risks for outcomes.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Circulating ketone bodies and cardiovascular outcomes: the MESA study

Elad Shemesh et al.

Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between ketone bodies (KB) and cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. The findings suggest that elevated endogenous KB in a healthy population is associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular disease and mortality, and KB could serve as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2023)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Polygenic Risk Score for the Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Events

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

Summary: Coronary artery calcium score and polygenic risk score were evaluated for their ability to predict risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in two population-based studies. The results showed that coronary artery calcium score had better discrimination and improved risk prediction when added to traditional risk factors compared to the polygenic risk score.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2023)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence, Treatment, and Control in US Adults Aged 20 to 44 Years, 2009 to March 2020

Rahul Aggarwal et al.

Summary: In the US, there has been an increase in diabetes and obesity among young adults aged 20 to 44 years since 2009, while hypertension remained unchanged and hyperlipidemia declined. There were variations in these trends among different races and ethnicities.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Effects of Diet on 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk (from the DASH Trial)

Sun Young Jeong et al.

Summary: Compared with a typical American diet, both the DASH and fruits and vegetables (F/V) diets can reduce 10-year ASCVD risk scores by about 10% over 8 weeks.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2023)

Article Urology & Nephrology

Predictors, Disparities, and Facility-Level Variation: SGLT2 Inhibitor Prescription Among US Veterans With CKD

L. Parker Gregg et al.

Summary: This study evaluated factors associated with SGLT2 inhibitor prescription, including disparities in prescription patterns based on race and sex, and facility-level variation. The results showed lower odds of SGLT2 inhibitor prescription in Black or African American patients compared to White patients, and among women compared to men. There was also an unexplained 58% variation in treatment between VA facilities, independent of patient and facility characteristics. Efforts are needed to study and address the reasons for these disparities to improve equitable adoption of these important medications.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Connie W. Tsao et al.

Summary: The American Heart Association, in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health, releases annual statistics on heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors. The Statistical Update provides the latest data on various heart and circulatory diseases and their outcomes, as well as information on core health behaviors and factors contributing to cardiovascular health.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023

Nuha A. ElSayed et al.

DIABETES CARE (2023)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risk Assessment of Kidney Disease Progression and Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibition in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Filipe A. Moura et al.

Summary: A risk assessment tool has been developed to identify T2D patients at higher risk for kidney disease progression and who may benefit more from SGLT2 inhibition.

DIABETES CARE (2023)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Evaluation of Large-Scale Proteomics for Prediction of Cardiovascular Events

Hannes Helgason et al.

Summary: This study aimed to develop protein risk scores for ASCVD risk prediction and compare them with clinical risk factors and polygenic risk scores. The results showed that the protein risk scores were significantly associated with ASCVD events and provided a modest improvement when added to the clinical risk factor model.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

Chiadi E. Ndumele et al.

Summary: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality, especially cardiovascular disease. Poor cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health is prevalent in the population, particularly among those with adverse social determinants. However, there are therapeutic options that can improve metabolic risk factors and kidney function while protecting the heart. To enhance cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health, there is a need for clear definitions, staging methods, prediction algorithms, and strategies that align with major guidelines and emerging scientific evidence. Considering social determinants of health and promoting patient-centered interdisciplinary care are also crucial.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Salim S. Virani et al.

Summary: The 2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease updates and consolidates previous guidelines and provides evidence-based approaches to patient management, taking into account social determinants of health and emphasizing shared decision-making and team-based care. It covers various aspects, including treatment decisions, symptom reduction, revascularization, special populations, follow-up and monitoring, evidence gaps, and areas for future research.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

A Synopsis of the Evidence for the Science and Clinical Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Chiadi E. Ndumele et al.

Summary: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome refers to the interplay between metabolic risk factors such as obesity and diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. This syndrome is strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes. However, there are significant gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms of disease development, heterogeneity within clinical phenotypes, and the impact of social determinants of health.

CIRCULATION (2023)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Toward a Roadmap for Best Practices in Pediatric Preventive Cardiology: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association

Amanda M. Perak et al.

Summary: Cardiovascular disease risk factors are prevalent among youth in the United States and Canada. Pediatric preventive cardiology programs have developed independently, but there is a lack of clarity on best practices. This study calls for collaboration and investment to improve cardiovascular health in youth.

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES (2023)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Race as a Component of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Algorithms

Ramachandran S. Vasan et al.

Summary: Several prediction algorithms include race as a component to account for race-associated variations in disease frequencies. However, recent questioning arises due to the risk of perpetuating race as a biological construct and diverting attention away from the social determinants of health (SDoH). The development of raceless CVD risk prediction algorithms that incorporate measures of SDoH is recommended.

CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS (2023)

Article Mathematical & Computational Biology

The All of Us Data and Research Center: Creating a Secure, Scalable, and Sustainable Ecosystem for Biomedical Research

Kelsey R. Mayo et al.

Summary: The All of Us Research Program's Data and Research Center (DRC) aims to acquire, curate, and provide access to a large and diverse dataset for precision medicine research. With over 500,000 participants, 80% of whom are underrepresented in biomedical research, and a community of over 2,300 researchers, the DRC has created a thriving data ecosystem. This review outlines how the DRC meets the needs of stakeholders, the principles, challenges, and approaches used to build the All of Us data ecosystem, and lessons learned for building a modern biomedical data platform.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL DATA SCIENCE (2023)

Article Urology & Nephrology

Cardiac Mechanics and Kidney Function Decline in the Cardiovascular Health Study

Rupal Mehta et al.

Summary: This study found that subclinical myocardial dysfunction, detected by speckle-tracking echocardiography, is independently associated with decline in kidney function over time. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these associations and to test whether interventions targeting subclinical myocardial dysfunction can prevent decline in kidney function.

KIDNEY360 (2023)

Review Hematology

Lipoprotein(a): A Genetically Determined, Causal, and Prevalent Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Gissette Reyes-Soffer et al.

Summary: High levels of Lp(a) are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Genetic factors determine 70% to 90% of interindividual heterogeneity in Lp(a) levels. There is a lack of standardized assays, diagnostic guidelines, and targeted treatments for lowering Lp(a). Understanding the genetic and biological basis for variation in Lp(a) levels in different populations is crucial.

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY (2022)

Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Racial Disparities and Cardiometabolic Risk: New Horizons of Intervention and Prevention

Eftitan Y. Akam et al.

Summary: This article discusses the disparities in cardiometabolic diseases in the USA and the various factors contributing to these disparities. The article introduces advances in medicine, such as metabolomics and genomics, to identify diseases earlier and target specific treatments. Additionally, developments in telehealth and medical device technologies can improve healthcare access for minority populations. Bridging the racial gap in health outcomes can be achieved through personalized treatments and ensuring equal access to all populations.

CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular and Heart Failure Events With SGLT2 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, and Their Combination in Type 2 Diabetes

Alison K. K. Wright et al.

Summary: This study assessed the associations between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists with risk for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and heart failure (HF) in people with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that SGLT2i and SGLT2i/GLP-1RA combination regimens may be beneficial in the prevention of MACCE and HF, while GLP-1RA may be beneficial for HF.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Incorporation of natriuretic peptides with clinical risk scores to predict heart failure among individuals with dysglycaemia

Matthew W. Segar et al.

Summary: The study found that the WATCH-DM risk score can accurately predict incident heart failure risk in patients with dysglycaemia, and the addition of natriuretic peptides can improve the prediction performance, especially in low to intermediate risk individuals.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice

Frank L. J. Visseren et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY (2022)

Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Toward the elimination of race-based mecncine: replace race with racism as preeclampsia risk factor

Erinma P. Ukoha et al.

Summary: Pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality disproportionately affect Black birthing people. By removing race as a risk factor and addressing the impact of racism, we can work towards health equity. This includes revising guidelines for aspirin prophylaxis in preeclampsia to focus on anti-Black racism rather than Black race.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Paul A. Heidenreich et al.

Summary: The 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure provides patient-centric recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of heart failure, based on contemporary evidence and updated recommendations.

CIRCULATION (2022)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease

Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley et al.

Summary: Social determinants of health have a significant impact on the development of cardiovascular disease and its outcomes, but their influence is not fully understood. This review aims to further investigate the relationship between social determinants of health and cardiovascular disease, and provide a framework for future research and interventions.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Heart Failure: An Underappreciated Complication of Diabetes. A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association

Rodica Pop-Busui et al.

Summary: Heart failure is a common complication of diabetes, even in the absence of other cardiovascular diseases. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes globally, particularly type 2 diabetes, the burden of heart failure on the healthcare system is expected to rise. This consensus report aims to provide clear guidance to practitioners on screening and diagnosing heart failure in individuals with diabetes.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Managing Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Neil J. Stone et al.

Summary: The authors provide insights for clinicians to identify and address high-risk conditions in young adults (20-39 years old) that predict early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). They discuss lipid risk factors and emerging strategies but their best use remains uncertain.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2022)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Uses of GFR and Albuminuria Level in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease

Andrew S. Levey et al.

Summary: This article discusses the applications of GFR and albuminuria level in kidney disease testing. These measures play important roles in detecting kidney diseases, designing disease progression trials, and predicting risks in clinical practice.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Body Mass Index in Midlife With Morbidity Burden in Older Adulthood and Longevity

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

Summary: This study finds that being overweight in midlife is associated with a higher cumulative burden of morbidity and a greater proportion of life lived with morbidity in older adulthood. These findings also translate to higher healthcare costs in older overweight individuals.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Life's Essential 8: Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association's Construct of Cardiovascular Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

Donald M. Lloyd-Jones et al.

Summary: In 2010, the American Heart Association introduced a new concept of cardiovascular health, aiming to shift focus from disease treatment to health promotion and preservation. However, subsequent evidence revealed limitations in the original approach, leading the association to convene a writing group to recommend enhancements and updates. This article introduces an enhanced approach to assessing cardiovascular health, called Life's Essential 8, which evaluates an individual's cardiovascular health.

CIRCULATION (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Associations of Clinical and Social Risk Factors With Racial Differences in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

Nilay S. Shah et al.

Summary: This study investigated the contributions of clinical and social factors to racial differences in premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) between Black and White individuals. The results showed that after adjusting for these factors, the racial differences in CVD were no longer statistically significant. In women, the largest contributions to racial differences were from clinical and neighborhood factors, while in men, clinical and socioeconomic factors had the largest impact.

CIRCULATION (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Development and Validation of Prediction Models of Adverse Kidney Outcomes in the Population With and Without Diabetes

Morgan E. Grams et al.

Summary: This study aims to predict adverse kidney outcomes and improve medical management and clinical trial design. By developing and validating models using various factors, the risk of a significant decline in glomerular filtration rate or kidney failure can be successfully predicted. These models are applicable to individuals with or without diabetes, as well as those with high or low eGFR.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Predictive Utility of a Validated Polygenic Risk Score for Long-Term Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Young and Middle-Aged Adults

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

Summary: The predictive value of previously derived polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for long-term risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) is limited, particularly in young and midlife adults, as the addition of PRS to traditional risk models only slightly improves the discrimination for CHD.

CIRCULATION (2022)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Proportional Mortality From Ischemic Heart Disease Among Asian American Subgroups, From 2018 to 2020

Nilay S. Shah et al.

Summary: This cross-sectional study investigates how the percentage of deaths caused by ischemic heart disease varies by age and sex among Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese individuals.

JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Incremental Value of Polygenic Risk Scores in Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease A Review

Jacob William Groenendyk et al.

Summary: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have shown significant association with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in all the reviewed studies. The improvement in C statistic and net reclassification indexes when PRS was added to traditional risk scores ranged from negligible to modest. Adding PRS to traditional risk scores does not appear to provide meaningful improvements in clinical decision-making in primary prevention populations, based on established risk prediction metrics.

JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

Article Urology & Nephrology

Development and Validation of a Lifetime Risk Model for Kidney Failure and Treatment Benefit in Type 2 Diabetes 10-Year and Lifetime Risk Prediction Models

Helena Bleken Ostergaard et al.

Summary: This study developed and validated a prediction tool for estimating the risk of kidney failure in individuals with type 2 diabetes and assessing the individual treatment effects of preventive medication. The tool was based on a large dataset of diabetes patients and used common clinical predictors for the predictions. The model performed well in both internal and external validation.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2022)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular and Heart Failure Events With SGLT2 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, and Their Combination in Type 2 Diabetes

Alison K. Wright et al.

Summary: The study suggests that SGLT2i and SGLT2i/GLP-1RA combination regimens may be beneficial in primary prevention of MACCE and HF, while GLP-1RA appears to be beneficial for HF.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Feasibility, Methodology, and Interpretation of Broad-Scale Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in a Large Community-Based Sample

Matthew Nayor et al.

Summary: The study presents protocols and methodological considerations for peak VO2 assessment in a large community-based sample, showing that measurements of peak VO2 are feasible and safe in middle-aged adults with diverse cardiovascular risk profiles. The majority of participants were able to achieve peak RER values of >= 1.10, but RER values beyond this threshold did not necessarily correspond to higher peak VO2 values.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR Guideline for the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Martha Gulati et al.

Summary: This clinical practice guideline offers recommendations and algorithms for the assessment and diagnosis of chest pain in adult patients based on contemporary evidence. It focuses on risk stratification and diagnostic evaluation of chest pain, incorporating cost-value considerations in diagnostic testing and recommending shared decision-making with patients.

CIRCULATION (2021)

Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

Removing Race from Kidney Disease Diagnosis

Susan E. Quaggin et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Bending the Curve in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Bethesda+40 and Beyond

David Calvin Goff et al.

Summary: More than 40 years after the 1978 Bethesda Conference on the Declining Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease provided a blueprint for understanding declining rates of coronary heart disease, recent data suggests that the decline may have ended or even reversed. While mortality rates for overall cardiovascular disease are decelerating, those for heart failure are increasing. The symposium discussed trends in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes epidemics, as well as opportunities for promoting cardiovascular health and preventing disease.

CIRCULATION (2021)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The Groundwater of Racial and Ethnic Disparities Research A Statement From Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes

Khadijah Breathett et al.

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Associations of Maternal Cardiovascular Health in Pregnancy With Offspring Cardiovascular Health in Early Adolescence

Amanda M. Perak et al.

Summary: Maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy is significantly associated with offspring cardiovascular health during early adolescence, indicating a potential lifelong impact of maternal health status on offspring. This multinational cohort study reveals that poorer maternal cardiovascular health is correlated with higher risks of poorer cardiovascular health in offspring during early adolescence.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Developing an Internally Validated Veterans Affairs Women Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score Using Veterans Affairs National Electronic Health Records

Haekyung Jeon-Slaughter et al.

Summary: This study developed an internally validated cardiovascular disease risk score for women military service members and veterans using the Veterans Affairs national electronic health records data. The new VA women CVD risk score performed better in predicting VA women's 10-year atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease risk than the existing American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk score.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2021)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Comprehensive Care Models for Cardiometabolic Disease

Cara Reiter-Brennan et al.

Summary: Establishing a specialized cardiometabolic specialty and outpatient clinic to provide comprehensive treatment for patients, as opposed to the current fragmented care model. This outpatient clinic would facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration among specialists and deliver prevention-focused treatment to patients at risk or diagnosed with cardiometabolic disease.

CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

National Trends in Heart Failure Hospitalizations and Readmissions From 2010 to 2017

Manyoo A. Agarwal et al.

Summary: This study found that the hospitalization rates for heart failure in US adults declined from 4.4 in 2010 to 4.1 in 2013, and then increased from 4.2 in 2014 to 4.9 in 2017. Similarly, readmission rates after index hospitalizations followed a similar trend. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and improve policies for heart failure management.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Incremental Benefits of Machine Learning-When Do We Need a Better Mousetrap?

Matthew M. Engelhard et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association of fasting glucose with lifetime risk of incident heart failure: the Lifetime Risk Pooling Project

Arjun Sinha et al.

Summary: The study found that middle-aged White adults and Black women had a higher lifetime risk of HF in prediabetes, while the risk did not significantly increase in older Black women. Black women with diabetes had the highest lifetime risk of HF compared to other race-sex groups.

CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Race- and Sex-Specific Population Attributable Fractions of Incident Heart Failure A Population-Based Cohort Study From the Lifetime Risk Pooling Project

Arjun Sinha et al.

Summary: By studying race and sex groups, it was found that hypertension had the highest population attributable fraction (PAF) for HF in Black men and women, while obesity had the highest PAF in White men and women. Diabetes contributed disproportionately to HF in Black women. The cumulative PAF of all 5 risk factors was the highest in Black women.

CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE (2021)

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Management of cardiovascular disease using an mHealth tool: a randomized clinical trial

Si-Hyuck Kang et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a mobile health tool on the care of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The results showed that there were no significant improvements in risk levels for stable ASCVD patients when using the mHealth tool. However, frequent use of the application may lead to greater clinical benefits.

NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Age dependent associations of risk factors with heart failure: pooled population based cohort study

Jasper Tromp et al.

Summary: Despite a lower incidence and absolute risk of heart failure among younger compared with older people, the stronger association and greater attributable risk of modifiable risk factors among young participants highlight the importance of preventive efforts across the adult life course.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Performance of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Pooled Cohort Equations to Estimate Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk by Self-reported Physical Activity Levels

Ambarish Pandey et al.

Summary: The study found that the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology pooled cohort equations accurately predict 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk across all levels of physical activity, without a significant change in performance when self-reported leisure-time physical activity is added to the prediction model.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Understanding providers' attitudes and key concerns toward incorporating CVD risk prediction into clinical practice: a qualitative study

Linda Takamine et al.

Summary: Providers generally support incorporating risk prediction into cardiovascular disease prevention, but have concerns regarding workflow impact, validity of predictive models, value of the change, and impact on whole patient care. These concerns need to be addressed for risk prediction to have a meaningful role in clinical practice.

BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Quantifying and Understanding the Higher Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Among South Asian Individuals Results From the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study

Aniruddh P. Patel et al.

Summary: This study found that individuals of South Asian ancestry have a significantly higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease compared to those of European ancestry, with the risk not being captured by existing risk estimators.

CIRCULATION (2021)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Identification and Predictors for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Equivalents Among Adults With Diabetes

Yanglu Zhao et al.

Summary: The study found that in diabetes patients without cardiovascular disease, approximately one-fifth of the population had diabetes equivalent to cardiovascular disease risk. High HbA(1c), long-term duration of diabetes, and the use of diabetes medication were predictors of cardiovascular disease risk equivalence. Diabetes was found to be a cardiovascular disease risk equivalent in women, white individuals, younger age groups, those with higher triglycerides or hs-CRP levels, and reduced kidney function.

DIABETES CARE (2021)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardiometabolic medicine: a review of the current proposed approaches to revamped training in the United States

Garshasb P. Soroosh et al.

Summary: Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in the US, and the population of patients with cardiometabolic conditions is growing, necessitating physicians with specific training to provide medical care. Proposals for US training in cardiometabolic medicine include different models, with the authors believing that a dedicated fellowship program offers significant advantages.

CARDIOVASCULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

Article Hematology

Lp(a) (Lipoprotein[a]) Concentrations and Incident Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights From a Large National Biobank

Aniruddh P. Patel et al.

Summary: This study suggests that there is a linear relationship between Lp(a) concentrations and ASCVD risk, with differences in concentrations across racial subgroups but similar associated risks. High Lp(a) concentrations are also associated with incident ASCVD.

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Contributions of the UK biobank high impact papers in the era of precision medicine

Peter Glynn et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Predictive Accuracy of a Polygenic Risk Score Compared With a Clinical Risk Score for Incident Coronary Heart Disease

Jonathan D. Mosley et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Comparing Primary Prevention Recommendations A Focused Look at United States and European Guidelines on Dyslipidemia

Neil J. Stone et al.

CIRCULATION (2020)

Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Prediction Models - Development, Evaluation, and Clinical Application

Michael J. Pencina et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Importance of Housing and Cardiovascular Health and Well-Being: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Mario Sims et al.

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES (2020)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Lipoprotein(a) and Family History Predict Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Anurag Mehta et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Hiddo J. L. Heerspink et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Associations of Late Adolescent or Young Adult Cardiovascular Health With Premature Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality

Amanda M. Perak et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Trends in Levels of Lipids and Apolipoprotein B in US Youths Aged 6 to 19 Years, 1999-2016

Amanda M. Perak et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2019)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Accelerating Biomarker Discovery Through Electronic Health Records, Automated Biobanking, and Proteomics

Quinn S. Wells et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2019)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

10-Year Risk Equations for Incident Heart Failure in the General Population

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2019)

Review Health Care Sciences & Services

A systematic review shows no performance benefit of machine learning over logistic regression for clinical prediction models

Evangelia Christodoulou et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2019)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Mansoor Husain et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction in Disaggregated Asian and Hispanic Subgroups Using Electronic Health Records

Fatima Rodriguez et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2019)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Trends in Lipid, Lipoproteins, and Statin Use Among US Adults Impact of 2013 Cholesterol Guidelines

Nirav Patel et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2019)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association Between Aging of the US Population and Heart Disease Mortality From 2011 to 2017

Stephen Sidney et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2019)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Quantifying Importance of Major Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease

Michael J. Pencina et al.

CIRCULATION (2019)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Development of Risk Prediction Equations for Incident Chronic Kidney Disease

Robert G. Nelson et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2019)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Implications of Revised Pooled Cohort Equations for Estimating Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Steve Yadlowsky et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2018)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association of Body Mass Index With Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Compression of Morbidity

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Risk Factors, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Aidin Rawshani et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2018)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

A Long-term Benefit Approach vs Standard Risk-Based Approaches for Statin Eligibility in Primary Prevention

George Thanassoulis et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2018)

Review Computer Science, Information Systems

Opportunities and challenges in developing risk prediction models with electronic health records data: a systematic review

Benjamin A. Goldstein et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION (2017)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Adulthood With Racial Disparity in Incident Type 2 Diabetes During Middle Adulthood

Michael P. Bancks et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2017)

Article Urology & Nephrology

Global Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes of Reduced GFR

Bemadette Thomas et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2017)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The Benefit Model for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease An Opportunity to Harmonize Guidelines

George Thanassoulis et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2017)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Calibration of the Pooled Cohort Equations for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease An Update

Nancy R. Cook et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2016)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Multinational Assessment of Accuracy of Equations for Predicting Risk of Kidney Failure A Meta-analysis

Navdeep Tangri et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2016)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Discordance Between Apolipoprotein B and LDL-Cholesterol in Young Adults Predicts Coronary Artery Calcification The CARDIA Study

John T. Wilkins et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2016)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Utility of Nontraditional Risk Markers in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment

Joseph Yeboah et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2016)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Steven P. Marso et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2016)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Obesity and Subtypes of Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Chiadi E. Ndumele et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2016)

Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The changing face of diabetes complications

Edward W. Gregg et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2016)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes, and Heart Failure-Free Survival

Faraz S. Ahmad et al.

JACC-HEART FAILURE (2016)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Risk Prediction With Electronic Health Records

Benjamin A. Goldstein et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2016)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Social Determinants of Risk and Outcomes for Cardiovascular Disease A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Edward P. Havranek et al.

CIRCULATION (2015)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Excess Mortality among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes

Mauro Tancredi et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2015)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Body mass index and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension

Wenxin Xu et al.

OBESITY (2015)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risk of Developing Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-Weight and Metabolically Healthy Obese Individuals

Koko Aung et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2014)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Lifetime Risk for Heart Failure Among White and Black Americans

Mark D. Huffman et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2013)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention

Ron T. Gansevoort et al.

LANCET (2013)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Interpreting Incremental Value of Markers Added to Risk Prediction Models

Michael J. Pencina et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2012)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Prediction of Incident Heart Failure in General Practice The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Sunil K. Agarwal et al.

CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE (2012)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Global cardiovascular disease risk assessment in United States adults with diabetes

Nathan D. Wong et al.

DIABETES & VASCULAR DISEASE RESEARCH (2012)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Lifetime Risk and Years Lived Free of Total Cardiovascular Disease

John T. Wilkins et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2012)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Weight Status With Mortality in Adults With Incident Diabetes

Mercedes R. Carnethon et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2012)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Comparison of Novel Risk Markers for Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Intermediate-Risk Individuals

Joseph Yeboah et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2012)

Article Urology & Nephrology

Lifetime Risk of ESRD

Tanvir Chowdhury Turin et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2012)

Review Urology & Nephrology

Sudden cardiac death in chronic kidney disease: epidemiology and prevention

M. Khaled Shamseddin et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2011)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Multimarker Approach for the Prediction of Heart Failure Incidence in the Community

Raghava S. Velagaleti et al.

CIRCULATION (2010)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Basic Concepts, Current Status, and Future Directions

Donald M. Lloyd-Jones

CIRCULATION (2010)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Chronic kidney disease: a public health priority and harbinger of premature cardiovascular disease

P. Stenvinkel

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2010)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Glycated Hemoglobin, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Risk in Nondiabetic Adults.

Elizabeth Selvin et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2010)

Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Use of Electronic Medical Records for Health Outcomes Research A Literature Review

Bonnie B. Dean et al.

MEDICAL CARE RESEARCH AND REVIEW (2009)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care - The Framingham Heart Study

Ralph B. D'Agostino et al.

CIRCULATION (2008)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Incident Heart Failure Prediction in the Elderly The Health ABC Heart Failure Score

Javed Butler et al.

CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE (2008)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Jan Cederholm et al.

DIABETES CARE (2008)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Risk factors for myocardial infarction in women and men: insights from the INTERHEART study

Sonia S. Anand et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2008)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Use of multiple biomarkers to improve the prediction of death from cardiovascular causes

Bjorn Zethelius et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2008)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Derivation and validation of QRISK, a new cardiovascular disease risk score for the United Kingdom: prospective open cohort study

Julia Hippisley-Cox et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2007)

Article Mathematical & Computational Biology

Choice of time scale and its effect on significance of predictors in longitudinal studies

Michael J. Pencina et al.

STATISTICS IN MEDICINE (2007)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Multiple biomarkers for the prediction of first major cardiovascular events and death

Thomas J. Wang et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2006)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

National Cholesterol Education Program risk assessment and potential for risk misclassification

Stephen D. Persell et al.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2006)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of parental heart failure with risk of heart failure in offspring

Douglas S. Lee et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2006)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Prediction of lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease by risk factor burden at 50 years of age

DM Lloyd-Jones et al.

CIRCULATION (2006)

Article Mathematical & Computational Biology

Choice of time-scale in Cox's model analysis of epidemiologic cohort data:: a simulation study

ACM Thiébaut et al.

STATISTICS IN MEDICINE (2004)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Framingham risk score and prediction of lifetime risk for coronary heart disease

DM Lloyd-Jones et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2004)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events

P Greenland et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2003)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals

HC Gerstein et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2001)