Defining specifications for accurate Metal/TCO specific contact resistivity measurements by TLM in silicon heterojunction devices

Article Energy & Fuels

Reduction in Indium Usage for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells in a Short-Term Industrial Perspective

Frederic Jay et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of reducing the sputtering power during physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the rear side indium-based transparent conduction oxide (TCO) on the In consumption in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. Halving the supplied power allows for a 50% reduction in TCO thickness. Process fine-tuning enables the retention of satisfactory TCO electrical properties despite the drastic reduction in thickness. Although solar cells with reduced TCO thickness show similar performances, there is a bifaciality penalty associated with using thinner TCO layers at the cell backside.

SOLAR RRL (2023)

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Article Energy & Fuels

> 85% indium reduction for high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells with aluminum-doped zinc oxide contacts

Quntao Tang et al.

Summary: In this study, an ITO/AZO/ITO stack was introduced as the front contact for rear-junction SHJ solar cells, overcoming the challenges faced by pure AZO-based devices. The superior performance of the ITO/AZO/ITO stack was attributed to its phase, lifetime, and electrical properties, as well as the vertical and lateral carrier transport. Furthermore, the direct use of pure AZO at the rear side of the SHJ cell was successfully demonstrated, resulting in a champion efficiency of 23.8% with >85% indium reduction. These findings provide a promising approach to fabricate low-indium and high-efficiency SHJ cells with commercial potential.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2023)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Silicon heterojunction solar cells with up to 26.81% efficiency achieved by electrically optimized nanocrystalline-silicon hole contact layers

Hao Lin et al.

Summary: Researchers achieved 26.81% efficiency in silicon heterojunction solar cells by using a p-doped nanocrystalline silicon and low-sheet-resistance transparent conductive oxide contact layer, which would further consolidate their potential for commercialization.

NATURE ENERGY (2023)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Feasibility test of drastic indium cut down in SHJ solar cells and modules using ultra-thin ITO layers

Tristan Gageot et al.

Summary: In this study, the possibility of reducing indium consumption in silicon heterojunction solar cells was investigated through the use of ultrathin ITO layers and SiN:H capping dielectric layers. The results showed that combining ITO layers below 10 nm with nc-Si:H nanocrystalline layers can achieve higher module efficiencies, while using ultrathin ITO layers on the rear side is not optimal. UV and damp heat tests indicated that modules with thinner ITO layers have enhanced reliability.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2023)

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Article Energy & Fuels