The Lushanmao site and the formation of the Xitu type architectural tradition

Large courtyard complexes in the pre-Qin times can be divided into two systems: the Xitu (northwest China) type and the Central Plains type. The former is characterized by the rammed earth construction and prevailed in the Loess Plateau; by contrast, the latter was well-known for the wattle-and-daub technology and widespread in the Central Plains and surrounding regions. The archaeological discoveries at Lushanmao suggest that the Xitu-type courtyard complexes were in use no later than the late Longshan period and lasted for nearly two thousand years. Both the two systems may have their origin in the late Yangshao period. The Xitu type indicates the influence of South China while the Central Plains type was formed due to a combination of the changes in climate, environment, and resources. Courtyard complexes underwent two major shifts during the early and late Western Zhou, suggesting the major changes in political strategies employed by the Zhou people to maintain their cultural traditions.

Automated summary

In the pre-Qin times, large courtyard complexes can be categorized into two systems: the Xitu type in northwest China and the Central Plains type. The former is characterized by rammed earth construction and was prevalent in the Loess Plateau, while the latter was known for wattle-and-daub technology and widely spread in the Central Plains and surrounding regions. Archaeological discoveries at Lushanmao indicate that Xitu-type courtyard complexes were used as early as the late Longshan period and lasted for nearly two thousand years. Both systems may have originated in the late Yangshao period. The Xitu type shows influence from South China, whereas the Central Plains type was formed as a result of changes in climate, environment, and resources. Courtyard complexes underwent significant shifts during the early and late Western Zhou, reflecting major changes in political strategies employed by the Zhou people to uphold their cultural traditions.