Current State of Milk, Dairy Products, Meat and Meat Products, Eggs, Fish and Fishery Products Authentication and Chemometrics

Food fraud is a matter of major concern as many foods and beverages do not follow their labelling. Because of economic interests, as well as consumers' health protection, the related topics, food adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution and inaccurate labelling, have become top issues and priorities in food safety and quality. In addition, globalized and complex food supply chains have increased rapidly and contribute to a growing problem affecting local, regional and global food systems. Animal origin food products such as milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, eggs and fish and fishery products are included in the most commonly adulterated food items. In order to prevent unfair competition and protect the rights of consumers, it is vital to detect any kind of adulteration to them. Geographical origin, production methods and farming systems, species identification, processing treatments and the detection of adulterants are among the important authenticity problems for these foods. The existence of accurate and automated analytical techniques in combination with available chemometric tools provides reliable information about adulteration and fraud. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present the advances made through recent studies in terms of the analytical techniques and chemometric approaches that have been developed to address the authenticity issues in animal origin food products.

Automated summary

Food fraud, including adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution, and inaccurate labeling, is a significant concern due to economic interests and consumers' health protection. Animal origin food products, such as milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, eggs, and fishery products, are commonly adulterated. Detecting adulteration is vital to prevent unfair competition and protect consumers' rights. Accurate and automated analytical techniques, combined with chemometric tools, provide reliable information on adulteration and fraud. This review presents recent advances in analytical techniques and chemometric approaches for addressing authenticity issues in animal origin food products.