Reduced order isogeometric boundary element methods for CAD-integrated shape optimization in electromagnetic scattering

This paper formulates a model order reduction method for electromagnetic boundary element analysis and extends it to computer-aided design integrated shape optimization of multi frequency electromagnetic scattering problems. Firstly, a series expansion technique is adopted to decouple frequency-dependent terms from the integrands in boundary element formulation, and the second-order Arnoldi procedure is utilized to reduce the order of original systems. Secondly, to ensure geometric exactness and avoid re-meshing during shape optimization, the isogeometric boundary element method is employed, which uses the Non-Uniform Rational B-splines to represent the geometry and to discretize boundary integral equations. Lastly, we employ the Grey Wolf Optimization-Artificial Neural Network as a surrogate model for shape optimization in multi-frequency electromagnetic scattering problems, with the radar cross section as the objective function. Several examples are provided to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

Automated summary

This paper presents a model order reduction method for electromagnetic boundary element analysis and extends it to computer-aided design integrated shape optimization of multi-frequency electromagnetic scattering problems. The proposed method utilizes a series expansion technique and the second-order Arnoldi procedure to reduce the order of original systems. It also employs the isogeometric boundary element method to ensure geometric exactness and avoid re-meshing during shape optimization. The Grey Wolf Optimization-Artificial Neural Network is used as a surrogate model for shape optimization, with radar cross section as the objective function.