期刊
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/eva.13627
关键词
deployment strategy; disease control; durable resistance; evolutionary epidemiology; sexual reproduction; simulation modelling
The study suggests that sexual reproduction in pathogens may contribute to the emergence of superpathogens, especially in mosaic and mixture deployment strategies. However, sexual reproduction did not affect the strategy recommendations for a wide range of mutation probabilities, associated fitness costs, and landscape organizations.
Resistant cultivars are of value for protecting crops from disease, but can be rapidly overcome by pathogens. Several strategies have been proposed to delay pathogen adaptation (evolutionary control), while maintaining effective protection (epidemiological control). Resistance genes can be (i) combined in the same cultivar (pyramiding), (ii) deployed in different cultivars sown in the same field (mixtures) or in different fields (mosaics), or (iii) alternated over time (rotations). The outcomes of these strategies have been investigated principally in pathogens displaying pure clonal reproduction, but many pathogens have at least one sexual event in their annual life cycles. Sexual reproduction may promote the emergence of superpathogens adapted to all the resistance genes deployed. Here, we improved the spatially explicit stochastic model landsepi to include pathogen sexual reproduction, and we used the improved model to investigate the effect of sexual reproduction on evolutionary and epidemiological outcomes across deployment strategies for two major resistance genes. Sexual reproduction favours the establishment of a superpathogen when single mutant pathogens are present together at a sufficiently high frequency, as in mosaic and mixture strategies. However, sexual reproduction did not affect the strategy recommendations for a wide range of mutation probabilities, associated fitness costs, and landscape organisations.
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