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Current Trends and Future Directions in Urban Social Prescribing

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Summary: Social prescribing is a process that helps people access non-medical activities and services to meet their health and wellbeing needs. It is often initiated by primary healthcare professionals and involves prescribing activities or initiatives from community and voluntary organizations. Occupational therapy recognizes the connections between activity, social connectedness, and health. However, there are emerging international examples of social prescribing initiatives that have created momentum behind this concept and have potential implications for the role of occupational therapy. This commentary examines how the language of prescription and the actions of policymakers and practitioners shape thinking and action related to activity and health.

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Summary: Social prescribing (SP) links patients with non-medical interventions in the community to address socioeconomic and behavioral determinants. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials found that SP exercise interventions were associated with a slight increase in physical activity, but no significant improvement in metabolic factors. Further rigorous studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of SP in modifying the determinants of chronic disease and promoting sustainable healthy behaviors.

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Summary: Social Prescribing is a mechanism that enables primary care team members to refer patients to community groups for enhancing their health and well-being. By engaging in community initiatives and activities, patients can actively improve their health and well-being. These activities have long been an integral part of community life in European countries and their benefits need to be consistently acknowledged.

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Summary: The number of social prescribing practices is increasing in both England and the United States. Policy makers are shifting towards developing explicit financing streams for social prescribing programs. Evaluation is needed to assess the success of these programs and their impacts. Investment in community-based organizations and wider public services is crucial for the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of social prescribing.

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Effectiveness and active ingredients of social prescribing interventions targeting mental health: a systematic review

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Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and main components of social prescribing interventions targeting mental health and well-being outcomes in the UK. The systematic review found significant improvements in the outcomes reported in the studies, but robust conclusions on the effectiveness of social prescribing for mental health-related outcomes cannot be made. Future research should focus on comprehensive intervention developmental processes, appropriate theory references, long-term follow-up outcome assessment, treatment fidelity strategies, and a focus on the principle of person-centred care.

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Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects on health outcomes and costs of social prescribing link workers for people experiencing multimorbidity and social deprivation in community settings. The evidence for social prescribing link workers was found to be lacking, and policymakers are advised to support evaluation of current programs before mainstreaming.

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Summary: The review identified a wide variation in social prescribing approaches for migrants in the UK, with an overall low quality of evidence. Key facilitators of successful implementation included provider responsiveness to migrants' preferences, while barriers included limited funding and provider capability.

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