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Anthropocene airborne microfibers: Physicochemical characteristics, identification methods and health impacts

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Yingxin Chen et al.

Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of microbiota on indoor air-borne microfibers (MFs), revealing that abundant bacteria, including potential pathogens, can be loaded on MFs and pose health risks. The bacterial community and diversity on MFs varied among different indoor spaces. The results highlight the potential role of indoor MFs in the transmission of bacteria and their impact on human health.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2023)

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Joao Pinto da Costa et al.

Summary: Plastic additives are a group of substances used in the plastic industry for various purposes. They can assist in molding plastics, improve performance, and reduce costs. However, these additives, along with nonpolymerized monomers, can be more hazardous and pose risks to the environment and human health. This article provides an overview of the mechanistic uptake/release of these compounds, discusses the potential ecological consequences, and explores analytical methodologies for their determination. It also highlights the limitations of current literature and presents future research prospects.

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Plastic waste found chemically bonded to rocks in China

Katherine Bourzac

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Article Environmental Sciences

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Maoyun Yin et al.

Summary: Sediments in freshwater ecosystems serve as long-term sinks for microplastics (MPs) and nutrients. However, little is known about the effects of MPs on nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in these sediments. In this study, PVC, PLA, and PP MPs were added to freshwater sediments, and their effects on microbial communities and nutrient release were evaluated. The results demonstrated that MPs significantly influenced microbial community composition and nutrient cycling in the sediments. PVC and PP MPs promoted microbial nitrification and nitrite oxidation, while PP MPs notably increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the abundance of the phosphorus-regulation (phoR) gene. PLA MPs showed potential in increasing the abundance of microbial phosphorus transporter (ugpB), nitrogen fixation (nifD, nifH, and nifX), and denitrification (nirS, napA, and norB) genes, as well as inhibiting nitrification, resulting in the accumulation and release of ammonia nitrogen. Though PLA MPs inhibited ALP activity and the abundance of the organophosphorus mineralization (phoD) gene, they contributed to dissimilatory iron and sulfite reduction, potentially promoting the release of sedimentary phosphorus. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus cycles and microbial communities influenced by MPs in sediments, and lays the foundation for future assessments of the environmental behavior of MPs in freshwater ecosystems.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2023)

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Longyi Shao et al.

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Dynamics of airborne microplastics, appraisal and distributional behaviour in atmosphere; a review

Iffat Batool et al.

Summary: Plastics are widely used in human life due to their durability and versatility, but improper waste management can lead to their release into the environment, posing potential impacts on ecosystems and human health. Microplastics and nanoplastics may enter the human body through the food chain, raising concerns about organism health.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

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Albert A. Koelmans et al.

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NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Are We Underestimating Anthropogenic Microfiber Pollution? A Critical Review of Occurrence, Methods, and Reporting

Samantha N. Athey et al.

Summary: Anthropogenic microfibers are a widespread environmental contaminant that can be synthetic, semisynthetic, or natural. While most research has focused on synthetic fibers, natural and semisynthetic fibers also require further investigation.

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Yuan Liu et al.

Summary: In this study, the adsorption mechanisms and composite risks of heavy metals adhered to microplastic surfaces were investigated. The results showed that heavy metals in the plastisphere were influenced by the surrounding matrices and some heavy metals were positively correlated with the specific surface area of the microplastics. Cluster analysis indicated that some heavy metals were derived from anthropogenic sources, suggesting that plastics can adsorb adventive heavy metals. A new composite risk assessment method for heavy metals and microplastics was also established.

GONDWANA RESEARCH (2022)

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The plastisphere: A morphometric genetic classification of plastic pollutants in the natural environment

Mu. Ramkumar et al.

Summary: Plastic pollution has become a severe global environmental issue that requires urgent management and mitigation. Recent studies on plastic pollution have increased significantly, but there are inconsistencies and limitations in comparing and replicating data. This paper proposes an integrated classification approach to unify the different aspects of plastics and address some data-related issues.

GONDWANA RESEARCH (2022)

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The contamination of microplastics in China's aquatic environment: Occurrence, detection and implications for ecological risk

Ziqi Zhang et al.

Summary: This review discusses the contamination of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems in China, elaborates on their adverse impacts on the environment, evaluates the potential risks to the ecosystems, and introduces the progress of microplastics extraction methods. The article proposes suggestions and perspectives for future research.

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Iron Speciation in Respirable Particulate Matter and Implications for Human Health

Peggy A. O'Day et al.

Summary: Particulate matter air pollution contains different forms and proportions of iron, with reduced iron mainly originating from anthropogenic sources, which can generate harmful oxidants and induce inflammation and oxidative stress.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Airborne microplastics: A review of current perspectives and environmental implications

Longyi Shao et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the literature on airborne microplastics (MPs) and provides an overview of the current collection techniques, extraction methods, and identification of airborne MPs. The physical and chemical characteristics, distribution, sources, transport, and environmental impacts of airborne MPs are summarized. The study highlights the need for standardized methods for the quantification of airborne MPs and the exploration of their toxicity mechanisms. The establishment of accredited methods is crucial for a better understanding of airborne MPs and their environmental and health effects.

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Sources and fate of atmospheric microplastics revealed from inverse and dispersion modelling: From global emissions to deposition

Nikolaos Evangeliou et al.

Summary: We combined observations and inverse modeling to estimate global atmospheric emissions of microplastics and microfibers. The results show that agricultural regions and certain areas in the USA, Europe, and Asia are major deposition sites, while the transfer between microplastics and microfibers is limited.

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Research progress of microplastics in soil-plant system: Ecological effects and potential risks

Danlian Huang et al.

Summary: This review discusses the direct and indirect effects of microplastics on the soil-plant system, focusing on soil aggregates, soil nutrient cycling, and the combined effects of microplastics and other pollutants. Microplastics can affect plant rooting ability and photosynthetic rate, as well as soil aggregate stability and nutrient cycling. Different types, sizes, and concentrations of microplastics have varying effects on the soil-plant system.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Evaluation of microplastic pollution in Shihezi city, China, using pine needles as a biological passive sampler

Xiaodong Liu et al.

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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Oxidative potential and water-soluble heavy metals of size-segregated airborne particles in haze and non-haze episodes: Impact of the Comprehensive Action Plan in China

Xiaolei Feng et al.

Summary: The Comprehensive Action Plan (CAP) in Beijing has been successful in reducing the toxicity of ambient particles.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Transport of degradable/nondegradable and aged microplastics in porous media: Effects of physicochemical factors

Jiao Fei et al.

Summary: The degradable properties of degradable plastics allow them to form microplastics (MPs) faster. Therefore, degradable MPs may easily be transported in the underground environment. In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were compared for their transport differences between degradable and nondegradable MPs under different factors through experiments. The results showed that MPs were more mobile at higher flow rates, lower ionic strengths, higher pH, and monovalent cations. Aging and the abundance of O-functional groups were found to affect the transport capacity of MPs.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Article Environmental Sciences

Is the impact of atmospheric microplastics on human health underestimated? Uncertainty in risk assessment: A case study of urban atmosphere in Xi'an, Northwest China

Ze Liu et al.

Summary: The study found the presence of MP pollution in the atmosphere of Xi'an but it has not yet reached a level threatening to humans. Due to insufficient understanding of the relationship between MP characteristics and toxic effects, as well as limitations in toxicity data, the risk assessment of atmospheric MPs is uncertain.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Color: An Important but Overlooked Factor for Plastic Photoaging and Microplastic Formation

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Detection of microplastics in human lung tissue using μFTIR spectroscopy

Lauren C. Jenner et al.

Summary: Airborne microplastics (MPs) have been found to have increased concentrations in areas with high human population and activity, especially indoors. This study analyzed human lung tissue samples and identified 39 MPs in 11 out of 13 samples, with an average concentration of 1.42 +/- 1.50 MP/g of tissue. The most abundant polymer types were polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and resin. The study also found that MPs were present in all regions of the lung, with significantly higher levels in the lower region compared to the upper and middle regions. These findings suggest that inhalation is a route of exposure for environmental MPs.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Ruei-Feng Shiu et al.

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Myco-degradation of microplastics: an account of identified pathways and analytical methods for their determination

Swati Solanki et al.

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Man-made natural and regenerated cellulosic fibres greatly outnumber microplastic fibres in the atmosphere*

Alexander Matthew David Finnegan et al.

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Secondary microplastics formation and colonized microorganisms on the surface of conventional and degradable plastic granules during long-term UV aging in various environmental media

Ruiqi Bao et al.

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Hyeonseong Yuk et al.

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Qilong Jia et al.

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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Article Environmental Sciences

Occurrence and characteristics of atmospheric microplastics in Mexico City

V. C. Shruti et al.

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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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S. R. Kahane-Rapport et al.

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Stephen Nyabire Akanyange et al.

Summary: Microplastic pollution is increasing globally, with a wide range of sources including plastic debris, synthetic textiles, and personal care products. Research on this issue is concentrated in regions such as Asia and Europe, with limited studies in Africa and South America. The major types of microplastics identified are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and polyester. While the confirmation of the effects of microplastics on human health is still in the early stages, global measures to contain and reduce microplastic contamination should be strengthened.

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Rhodamine B dye staining for visualizing microplastics in laboratory-based studies

Huiyan Tong et al.

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Razegheh Akhbarizadeh et al.

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Francisco Belzagui et al.

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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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