Advancements in optical fiber sensors for in vivo applications - A review of sensors tested on living organisms

The biomedical industry is experiencing an increased demand for miniaturized sensors, driven by advancements in surgery techniques and research. These sensors are crucial in disease treatment, drug discovery, and biomedical research, and there is a growing interest in monitoring various physical and biochemical parameters in vivo. Optical fiber sensors (OFSs) offer unique advantages over conventional electrical solutions due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. OFSs are ideal for integration with surgical instruments. They resist electromagnetic interferences, which makes them suitable for measurements in high electromagnetic field environments. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo, categorized by working principle and measured parameter. Future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective are also identified.

Automated summary

The demand for miniaturized sensors in the biomedical industry is increasing, and optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are gaining popularity due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo and identifies future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective.