High detection frequency and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) in Namibian backyard farms and warthogs

Article Veterinary Sciences

Evidence indicating transmission of porcine parvovirus 1 between warthogs and domestic pigs in Namibia

Umberto Molini et al.

Summary: A study in different regions of Namibia found possible transmission of porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) between warthogs and domestic pigs, highlighting the importance of wildlife as sources of pathogens.

VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

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Article Virology

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) variability: Is it in the virus or in the classification criteria?

Giovanni Franzo et al.

Summary: The continuous discovery of new viruses has led to the need for new classification approaches. Currently, viruses are classified up to the species level, but lower level categorization is often necessary for epidemiological investigations. However, there is a lack of consensus and reproducibility in the criteria proposed by different research groups.

VIROLOGY JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Microbiology

Wilder than intense: higher frequency, variability, and viral flows of porcine circovirus 3 in wild boars and rural farms compared to intensive ones in northern Italy

Giovanni Franzo et al.

Summary: This study investigated PCV-3 occurrence in commercial, rural, and wild pig populations in northern Italy. The results showed a higher infection risk in wild and rural populations compared to commercial pigs. The study also found evidence of viral flow from wild and rural populations to commercial pigs. The presence of a highly divergent PCV-3 clade in Italian rural pigs and wild boars suggests the importance of non-commercial pig populations in PCV-3 maintenance, epidemiology, and evolution.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2023)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Molecular characterization of porcine circovirus-2 and-3 in pigs in Tanzania

Jelly S. Chang'a et al.

Summary: This study screened samples from 124 pigs in Tanzania collected between 2018 and 2022 for the presence of PCV-2 and PCV-3. Two genotypes of PCV-2 (a and d) were identified, while limited genetic heterogeneity was observed among PCV-3. This research provides important data on pathogens in Tanzanian pigs and is useful for veterinary authorities involved in porcine disease management.

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Detection of porcine circovirus type 3 DNA in serum and semen samples of boars from a German boar stud

Matthias Eddicks et al.

Summary: Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is frequently associated with various clinical presentations in pigs. Young boars are more likely to be infected with PCV3 and have higher viral loads in their blood. PCV3 DNA can also be sporadically detected in fresh boar semen.

VETERINARY JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Identification of porcine circovirus-3 in Mozambique

Iolanda Vieira Anahory et al.

Summary: The study identified PCV-3 for the first time in Mozambique and Africa, and also revealed the first evidence of co-infection of PCV-3 and ASF virus. This finding should serve as a starting point for further investigations into the presence and impact of PCV-3 in Africa.

VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Molecular epidemiology of canine parvovirus in Namibia: Introduction pathways and local persistence

Giovanni Franzo et al.

Summary: This study investigates the occurrence and genetic features of canine parvovirus (CPV) in domestic dogs and jackals in Namibia. The detected CPV strains mainly belong to the CPV-2c antigenic variant of Asian origin, and their introduction into Namibia is more likely mediated by other African countries. There is no geographical clustering within Namibia, indicating unconstrained viral circulation among districts. Furthermore, infection of a wild jackal suggests potential inter-species transmission.

PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Viral Co-Infections of Warthogs in Namibia with African Swine Fever Virus and Porcine Parvovirus 1

Umberto Molini et al.

Summary: Important swine pathogens, African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1), were identified in warthogs in Namibia and genetically characterized in this study. The findings will be of interest to those working in swine disease management and control. Understanding virus circulation in wild animals, especially those in contact with domestic animals, is crucial for disease management and control.

ANIMALS (2022)

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Article Virology

Coinfections of African swine fever virus, porcine circovirus 2 and 3, and porcine parvovirus 1 in swine in Nigeria

Pam Dachung Luka et al.

Summary: As pig production increases in Africa, it is crucial to identify the pathogens circulating in the swine population to evaluate pig welfare and implement targeted control measures. A study in Nigeria found that 45% of pigs tested positive for two or more pathogens.

ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY (2022)

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Article Virology

Three different genotypes of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) identified in pigs and warthogs in Namibia

Umberto Molini et al.

Summary: A study identified the presence of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) in samples collected from commercial pigs and warthogs in Namibia for the first time, with the identification of genotype PCV-2c in warthogs being a novel finding.

ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Molecular Investigation of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Infection in Pigs in Namibia

Umberto Molini et al.

Summary: The study found no presence of PCV-3 in pigs in Namibia, indicating that the virus may either not be present in the country or circulating at low levels. Further research is needed to understand the distribution of PCV-3 in Namibia.

PATHOGENS (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) as a causal agent of disease in swine and a proposal of PCV-3 associated disease case definition

Viviane Saporiti et al.

Summary: PCV-3 was discovered in 2015 and has been detected worldwide in pigs with various outcomes. While many studies suggest PCV-3 as a potential pathogen, strong evidence of its causality is still lacking, requiring further research to establish clear connections.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Porcine circovirus 3 in North and South America: Epidemiology and genetic diversity

Viviane Sisdelli Assao et al.

Summary: PCV3 is a newly discovered virus detected in swine populations worldwide, with uncertain pathogenicity. There are at least six different lineages of PCV3 circulating in North and South American countries. Further studies are needed to determine the role of PCV3 in different clinical syndromes and its epidemiology in swine herds in the Americas.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2021)

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Article Virology

Genotyping Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV-3) Nowadays: Does It Make Sense?

Giovanni Franzo et al.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Retrospective study of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) in swine tissue from Brazil (1967-2018)

I. L. F. Rodrigues et al.

BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Genetic Characterization of Porcine Circovirus 3 Strains Circulating in Sardinian Pigs and Wild Boars

Silvia Dei Giudici et al.

PATHOGENS (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Detection of Porcine Circovirus 3 in Wildlife Species in Spain

Ewelina Czyzewska-Dors et al.

PATHOGENS (2020)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

An epidemiological investigation of porcine circovirus 3 infection in cattle in Shandong province, China

Wei Wang et al.

BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Virology

An epidemiological investigation of porcine circovirus 3 infection in dogs in the Guangxi Province from 2015 to 2017, China

Wenchao Sun et al.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Shift in Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV-3) History Paradigm: Phylodynamic Analyses Reveal an Ancient Origin and Prolonged Undetected Circulation in the Worldwide Swine Population

Giovanni Franzo et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2019)

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Review Veterinary Sciences

Reservoirs of Porcine Circoviruses: A Mini Review

Shao-Lun Zhai et al.

FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Detection and sequencing of porcine circovirus 3 in commercially sourced laboratory mice

Shouchuan Jiang et al.

VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Genome characterization of a porcine circovirus type 3 in South China

H. Shen et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2018)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Insights into the epidemic characteristics and evolutionary history of the novel porcine circovirus type 3 in southern China

X. Fu et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2018)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Development and validation of direct PCR and quantitative PCR assays for the rapid, sensitive, and economical detection of porcine circovirus 3

Giovanni Franzo et al.

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION (2018)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Full-genome sequencing of porcine circovirus 3 field strains from Denmark, Italy and Spain demonstrates a high within-Europe genetic heterogeneity

G. Franzo et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2018)

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Letter Veterinary Sciences

Porcine circovirus type 3: a threat to the pig industry?

Giovanni Franzo et al.

VETERINARY RECORD (2018)

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Review Veterinary Sciences

Current Knowledge on Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3): A Novel Virus With a Yet Unknown Impact on the Swine Industry

Francini Klaumann et al.

FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Virology

A Novel Porcine Circovirus Distantly Related to Known Circoviruses Is Associated with Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome and Reproductive Failure

Rachel Palinski et al.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2017)

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Article Infectious Diseases

The occurrence of porcine circovirus 3 without clinical infection signs in Shandong Province

S. Zheng et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2017)

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Article Infectious Diseases

First detection of porcine circovirus type 3 on commercial pig farms in Poland

T. Stadejek et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2017)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Identification and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 3 in China

X. Ku et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2017)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Detection and genetic characterization of Porcine circovirus type 3 in Italy

S. Faccini et al.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2017)

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Article Virology

Comparative epidemiology of porcine circovirus type 3 in pigs with different clinical presentations

Shao-Lun Zhai et al.

VIROLOGY JOURNAL (2017)

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Article Virology

Detection of a novel circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation

Tung Gia Phan et al.

VIROLOGY JOURNAL (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

IQ-TREE: A Fast and Effective Stochastic Algorithm for Estimating Maximum-Likelihood Phylogenies

Lam-Tung Nguyen et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

MAFFT Multiple Sequence Alignment Software Version 7: Improvements in Performance and Usability

Kazutaka Katoh et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION (2013)

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Review Virology

African swine fever virus eradication in Africa

Mary-Louise Penrith et al.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2013)

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Letter Biochemical Research Methods

jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing

Diego Darriba et al.

NATURE METHODS (2012)

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Article Microbiology

Porcine circovirus type 2 in muscle and bone marrow is infectious and transmissible to naive pigs by oral consumption

Tanja Opriessnig et al.

VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY (2009)

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High detection frequency and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) in Namibian backyard farms and warthogs

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