Adipose tissue macrophages: implications for obesity-associated cancer

Obesity is one of the most serious global health problems, with an incidence that increases yearly and coincides with the development of cancer. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are particularly important in this context and contribute to linking obesity-related inflammation and tumor progression. However, the functions of ATMs on the progression of obesity-associated cancer remain unclear. In this review, we describe the origins, phenotypes, and functions of ATMs. Subsequently, we summarize the potential mechanisms on the reprogramming of ATMs in the obesity-associated microenvironment, including the direct exchange of dysfunctional metabolites, inordinate cytokines and other signaling mediators, transfer of extracellular vesicle cargo, and variations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. A better understanding of the properties and functions of ATMs under conditions of obesity will lead to the development of new therapeutic interventions for obesity-related cancer.

Automated summary

Obesity is a serious global health problem that is closely associated with the development of cancer. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) play a crucial role in linking obesity-related inflammation and tumor progression. However, the functions of ATMs in obesity-associated cancer progression are not yet fully understood. In this review, we discuss the origins, phenotypes and functions of ATMs, as well as potential mechanisms underlying their reprogramming in the obesity-associated microenvironment. Understanding the properties and functions of ATMs in obesity will contribute to the development of new therapeutic interventions for obesity-related cancer.