XPS Core-Level Chemical Shift by Ab Initio Many-Body Theory

X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) provides direct information on atomic composition and stoichiometry by measuring core-electron binding energies. Moreover, from the shift of the binding energy, the so-called chemical shift, the precise chemical type of bonds can be inferred, which brings additional information on the local structure. In this work, we present a theoretical study of the chemical shift first by comparing different theories, from Hartree-Fock and density functional theory to many-body perturbation theory approaches like the GW approximation and its static version (COHSEX). The accuracy of each theory is assessed with respect to a carbon 1s chemical shift experimental benchmark measured on a set of gas-phase molecules. More importantly, by decomposing the chemical shift into different contributions according to terms in the total Hamiltonian, classical electrostatics is identified as the major contributor to the chemical shift, one order of magnitude larger than the correlation.

Automated summary

X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) directly provides information on atomic composition and stoichiometry by measuring core-electron binding energies. The chemical shift, obtained from the shift in binding energy, reveals the precise chemical type of bonds and provides additional information on the local structure. The major contributor to the chemical shift is identified to be classical electrostatics, one order of magnitude larger than the correlation, through a theoretical study comparing different theories.