期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 30, 期 17, 页码 49567-49576出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25233-z
关键词
New psychoactive substances; Metaphedrone; Embryonic development; Behaviour; DNA damage; Zebrafish
This study evaluated the potential effects of 3-MMC on zebrafish embryonic development, behavior, and DNA integrity. The results showed that at low concentrations, 3-MMC did not have expected harmful effects on critical development stages of fish.
The presence of new psychoactive substances (NPS), like metaphedrone (3-MMC), in aquatic environments raises concern about the potential negative effects on ichthyofauna. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of 3-MMC on zebrafish embryonic development, behaviour, and DNA integrity. For that, embryos were exposed during 96 h post-fertilization to 3-MMC (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mu g/L). Overall, an increase in the eye area of zebrafish larvae was observed for the concentrations of 1 mu g/L (increase of 24%) and 100 mu g/L (increase of 25%) in comparison with the control group. Genetic damage was noted at the highest concentration (100 mu g/L) with an increase of DNA damage (increase of 48%) and hyperactivity and disorganised swimming pattern characterised by an increase in speed (increase of 49%), total distance moved (increase of 53%), and absolute turn angle (increase of 48%) of zebrafish larvae. These findings pointed that, at environmental low levels, 3-MMC harmful effects are not expected to occur during critical development life stages of fish.
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