期刊
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108978
关键词
Nitrogen removal; Partial denitrification; Anammox; Microbial metabolism; Wastewater treatment
Recently, the combined partial denitrification and anammox (PD/anammox) process using organic matter in municipal wastewater has gained attention for sustainable N removal. It offers advantages such as reduced dissolved oxygen demand, lower organic carbon requirement, less excess sludge production, and lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional nitrification-denitrification. This review discusses the latest improvements in PD/anammox systems and focuses on the production/consumption pathways of critical intermediate NO2-. The C/N ratio and concentration of dosed organic carbon are crucial for optimal efficiency, as overgrowth of denitrifying bacteria can negatively impact anammox activity. Microorganism competition in single-stage PD/anammox systems plays a key role in achieving efficient N removal from mainstream wastewater. Challenges and limitations in recognizing inhibition mechanisms and performance inhibitors are also addressed. Future research should explore combining PD/anammox with other processes and developing self-supporting bacterial systems to enhance total nitrogen removal efficiency.
Recently, the combined partial denitrification and anammox (PD/anammox) has received special attention as a viable alternative for N removal using organic matter present in municipal wastewater. In comparison with conventional nitrification-denitrification, PD/anammox provides enormous opportunities to achieve sustainable wastewater treatment due to the lack of dissolved oxygen (DO) demand, a smaller amount of organic carbon (C) and less excess sludge production and GHG emissions. The PD/anammox process can be widely carried out in different technical systems, including single-or two-stage systems for side-stream and mainstream wastewater. This review focuses on the latest improvements related to the PD/anammox system and discusses the produc-tion/consumption pathways of NO2- as a critical intermediate. The C/N ratio plays a key role in the PD/anammox process; therefore, the concentration of the dosed organic C is important due to its negative influence on the activity of anammox resulting from the overgrowth of denitrifying bacteria in the systems. Understanding microorganism competition in a one-stage PD/anammox is typically the most important key to optimal efficiency of N removal from mainstream wastewater. Therefore, in this review, a comprehensive description of microbial metabolism i.e., autotrophic anammox, denitrifying heterotrophs/autotrophs, DNRA heterotrophs, and the contiguity competition between them in single-stage PD/anammox systems are inclusively explained. The challenge and limitations are described to recognize inhibition mechanisms and performance inhibitors. The combination of PD/anammox with other processes and the development of a self-supporting bacterial system should be the main lines of future research and efficiency development towards further enhancing total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE).
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