4.8 Review

Conductive hydrogels for tissue repair

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Diacerein Loaded Poly (Styrene Sulfonate) and Carbon Nanotubes Injectable Hydrogel: An Effective Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury Regeneration

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Summary: In this research, a conductive hydrogel material was successfully prepared with good electrical conductivity and biocompatibility. The CNT-PSS-SA hydrogel demonstrated good cell viability and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a promising candidate for drug delivery in spinal cord regeneration.

JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE (2023)

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High-strength hydrogels: Fabrication, reinforcement mechanisms, and applications

Heyuan Huang et al.

Summary: With the continuous emergence and expansion of high-strength hydrogels in various fields, the synthesis and application of these hydrogels have made significant progress. This review focuses on the advantages of natural and synthetic materials, the characteristics of high-strength hydrogels from different raw materials, and the influence of physical interactions or chemical bonds on their strength. Furthermore, the strengthening strategies and the possible future development directions of high-strength hydrogels are also discussed.

NANO RESEARCH (2023)

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Supratough and stretchable hydrogels with time-space controllability for athletic rehabilitation

Tian-Cai Sun et al.

Summary: A novel medical hydrogel has been developed for minimally invasive therapy and wearable testing. The hydrogel is adhesive, self-healing, and soft, while also maintaining shape stability. It has excellent ionic conductivity and sensing ability for real-time monitoring of athletes' movement characteristics.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2023)

Review Chemistry, Physical

High -strength hydrogels: Fabrication, reinforcement mechanisms, and applications

Heyuan Huang et al.

Summary: With the increasing appearance and expansion of high-strength hydrogels in various emerging fields, such as industry, medicine, and green development, there have been significant developments and achievements in the synthesis and application of high-strength hydrogels in terms of raw materials, preparation methods, and reinforcement mechanisms. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews on high-strength hydrogels. This article discusses the advantages of natural and synthetic materials, characteristics of high-strength hydrogels prepared from different raw materials, and the influence of physical interactions or chemical bonds on the strength of hydrogels. It also systematically explains various strengthening strategies and their mechanisms, and proposes possible future directions for the development of high-strength hydrogels based on application requirements and existing drawbacks.

NANO RESEARCH (2023)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conductive Nerve Guidance Conduits Based on Morpho Butterfly Wings for Peripheral Nerve Repair

Yangnan Hu et al.

Summary: Inspired by the structures of peripheral nerves, researchers have developed a conductive topological scaffold for nerve repair using modified butterfly wings. The scaffold showed increased neurite length and guided cellular orientation, and successfully repaired nerve defects in rats.

ACS NANO (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

pH/Glucose Dual Responsive Metformin Release Hydrogel Dressings with Adhesion and Self-Healing via Dual-Dynamic Bonding for Athletic Diabetic Foot Wound Healing

Yongping Liang et al.

Summary: A dual-responsive hydrogel dressing was constructed for the treatment of type II diabetic foot ulcers and shown to promote wound healing in a rat model. The addition of metformin and graphene oxide further enhanced wound repair.

ACS NANO (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Biomimetic 3D aligned conductive tubular cryogel scaffolds with mechanical anisotropy for 3D cell alignment, differentiation and in vivo skeletal muscle regeneration

Tianli Hu et al.

Summary: Developing 3D conductive aligned cryogels has great potential for skeletal muscle trauma treatment as they can mimic the anisotropic structure and conductivity of native skeletal muscle. These cryogels possess excellent mechanical properties and promote muscle tissue regeneration, making them promising scaffold candidates for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrical and thermal stimulus-responsive nanocarbon-based 3D hydrogel sponge for switchable drug delivery

Sang-Yu Park et al.

Summary: Smart hydrogels that are responsive to various external stimuli have gained popularity in drug delivery applications. This study developed a three-dimensional hydrogel based on carbon nanotubes and chitosan, which showed improved dispersion and connectivity of the nanocarbons for controlled drug delivery. The findings highlight the potential of this system for future smart transdermal drug delivery.

NANOSCALE (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Engineering Multifunctional Hydrogel-Integrated 3D Printed Bioactive Prosthetic Interfaces for Osteoporotic Osseointegration

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Summary: In order to address the high risk issues in joint replacement surgery, a novel class of multifunctional hydrogel-integrated 3D printed bioactive prosthetic interfaces has been developed, which can promote osseointegration and inhibit infection in osteoporotic environment.

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Extracellular Matrix-Based Conductive Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels with Enhanced Neurovascular Regeneration Properties for Diabetic Wounds Repair

Lei Fan et al.

Summary: A conductive dressing synthesized from an interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel has been developed to promote diabetic wound healing by enhancing local neurovascular regeneration. This dressing combines water-swollen hydrogels with conductive polymers to provide tissue-matching electrical conductivity and mechanical properties for neurovascular regeneration. In vitro and in vivo studies show that the conductive hydrogel can promote neurovascular regeneration by increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration, leading to phosphorylation of proteins in key signaling pathways, ultimately stimulating full-thickness diabetic wound repair.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2022)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Rational design of injectable conducting polymer-based hydrogels for tissue engineering

Chaojie Yu et al.

Summary: Recently, injectable conducting polymer-based hydrogels have gained attention in tissue engineering due to their controlled conductivity and minimally invasive procedures. Functional CPs play a crucial role in designing these hydrogels and have potential applications in neurological treatment, myocardial repair, and skeletal muscle regeneration.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2022)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

A conductive photothermal non-swelling nanocomposite hydrogel patch accelerating bone defect repair

Yongwei Li et al.

Summary: Bone defect repair is a common issue in clinic, and the development of multifunctional scaffolds has shown promise in promoting bone regeneration. In this study, multifunctional hydrogels were developed using gelatin methacrylate (GM), acryloyl-beta-cyclodextrin (Ac-CD), and beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO). These hydrogels exhibited stable mechanical properties, non-swelling property, conductivity, and photothermal antibacterial properties. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the hydrogels had good biocompatibility and promoted cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, leading to accelerated bone defect repair in a rat model. Two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) was also used to directly evaluate bone defect repair. Overall, these multifunctional hydrogels have great potential for clinical application in bone tissue formation and defect repair.

BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (2022)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Antibacterial biomaterials for skin wound dressing

Yuqing Liang et al.

Summary: Bacterial infection and resistance pose a significant threat to human health, especially in wound healing. This review focuses on antibacterial wound dressings and discusses various biomaterials and antibacterial agents used in their fabrication. It also explores challenges and future perspectives in this field.

ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Wet-Adhesive Elastomer for Liquid Metal-Based Conformal Epidermal Electronics

Jinhao Cheng et al.

Summary: The study presents a facile method for encapsulating metal-polymer conductors as epidermal electronics, using a adhesive made with polyethylene glycol and polydimethylsiloxane. The resulting electronics are soft and adhesive, capable of conformally adhering to the skin for more than 2 days even after sports and showers. The study demonstrates their potential for motion detection, electrophysiological signal detection, and skin wound healing.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Flexible patch with printable and antibacterial conductive hydrogel electrodes for accelerated wound healing

Canran Wang et al.

Summary: A flexible electrical patch (ePatch) made with conductive hydrogel as electrodes was developed to improve wound management. The ePatch showed significant benefits in promoting wound re-epithelization, enhancing angiogenesis, mediating immune response, and preventing infection. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the effectiveness of electrical stimulation in promoting cell proliferation and migration, and in accelerating wound closure.

BIOMATERIALS (2022)

Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Arbitrarily shapeable and conductive hydrogel with Magic Cube like structure for real-time monitoring and promoting wound healing

Feixiang Chen et al.

Summary: A novel polyelectrolyte composite hydrogel (HSa) with good shapeability and conductivity was developed for wound dressings in irregular-shaped or moveable sites. The hydrogel showed accelerated wound healing and real-time wound closure monitoring.

COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Injectable conductive and angiogenic hydrogels for chronic diabetic wound treatment

Can Wu et al.

Summary: A conductive and antibacterial hydrogel with pH responsiveness has been developed, which can smartly release pro-angiogenic drugs, promote endothelial cell proliferation and migration, enhance vascularization, and accelerate healing of infected diabetic wounds.

JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Macromolecular CMCS to Prepare Self-Healing Conductive Hydrogel Wound Dressing with Drug/Photothermal Antibacterial Activity

Shan Wang et al.

Summary: The study developed a hydrogel dressing with antibacterial and stimuli responsive abilities using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a conductive material. The hydrogel constructed from macromolecular carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized pectin exhibited good cell viability and antibacterial properties, making it suitable for medical applications.

MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Supramolecular Thermo-Contracting Adhesive Hydrogel with Self-Removability Simultaneously Enhancing Noninvasive Wound Closure and MRSA-Infected Wound Healing

Rui Yu et al.

Summary: A novel supramolecular poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hybrid hydrogel dressing with thermal contraction and tissue adhesion properties, as well as multiple mechanical and biological properties, is developed to achieve noninvasive wound closure and enhance wound healing simultaneously.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-powered and photothermal electronic skin patches for accelerating wound healing

Shuo Du et al.

Summary: This paper reports on a TENG-based E-skin patch that can sense motion and promote wound healing by utilizing electrical stimulation and photothermal heating. The patches are biocompatible, stretchable, and shape-adaptable, and can effectively accelerate tissue regeneration and wound healing in approximately 9 days.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Biomimetic, highly elastic conductive and hemostatic gelatin/rGO-based nanocomposite cryogel to improve 3D myogenic differentiation and guide in vivo skeletal muscle regeneration

Xin Zhao et al.

Summary: This study successfully synthesized a conductive and hemostatic cryogel that mimics the conductivity and extracellular matrix of skeletal muscle. The cryogel exhibited excellent mechanical properties, conductivity, and a 3D macroporous structure. It improved cell proliferation, myogenic differentiation, and the repair efficiency of volumetric muscle loss. Additionally, it demonstrated better hemostatic efficiency compared to commercial gelatin sponge and gelatin cryogels.

APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY (2022)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Conductive Adhesive and Antibacterial Zwitterionic Hydrogel Dressing for Therapy of Full-Thickness Skin Wounds

Feng Wang et al.

Summary: Wound injuries can lead to serious consequences, and the use of biomedical hydrogels as wound dressings has shown great potential in accelerating wound healing.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Pressure-sensitive antibacterial hydrogel dressing for wound monitoring in bed ridden patients

Dongrun Li et al.

Summary: Pressure ulcers are common chronic injuries in bedridden patients. This study developed a multifunctional hydrogel dressing with pressure sensing and antibacterial properties. The hydrogel had high pressure sensitivity and real-time monitoring capability, and could effectively prevent secondary pressure injuries.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Restoration of spinal cord biophysical microenvironment for enhancing tissue repair by injury-responsive smart hydrogel

Caixia Fan et al.

Summary: Spinal cord injury is a severe damage to the central nervous system, often leading to the loss of spinal cord structure and function. Researchers have developed a new hydrogel material with mechanical and electrical properties similar to the spinal cord, which can be used for spinal cord regeneration. By introducing glutathione and MMP-responsive proteins into the hydrogel, biomolecules can be released in response to the microenvironment of spinal cord injury, promoting axon regeneration and angiogenesis, and improving motor function recovery.

BIOMATERIALS (2022)

Review Engineering, Environmental

Applications of carbon-based conductive nanomaterials in biosensors

Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan et al.

Summary: Carbon-based nanomaterials, with their interesting physicochemical and biological properties, are widely used in biosensors for detection and measurement. These nanomaterials provide higher sensitivity, wider linear range detection, and reusable sensors compared to conventional ones. They have applications in monitoring disease progression, environmental pollution detection, food control, and drug discovery.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Highly stretchable, shape memory and antioxidant ionic conductive degradable elastomers for strain sensing with high sensitivity and stability

Wenzhi Wang et al.

Summary: A series of degradable elastomers with excellent performance were designed, and ionic liquid was introduced to form ionic conductive elastomers with outstanding conductivity, mechanical properties, and antioxidation. The elastomers exhibit high strain sensitivity to small deformations, making them suitable for joint motion signal monitoring.

MATERIALS & DESIGN (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Engineering an integrated electroactive dressing to accelerate wound healing and monitor noninvasively progress of healing

Nhien Nguyen et al.

Summary: This study developed an engineered electroactive dressing that promotes wound healing and monitors the progress in real-time. The dressing transmits bioelectrical signals to stimulate cells and accelerate tissue restoration, while an electrode detects electrical resistance or output current to monitor the overall healing process. The system can be connected to a smartphone for wireless data transmission to medical staff and provide early warnings of potential infections.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

A nanofibrous membrane loaded with doxycycline and printed with conductive hydrogel strips promotes diabetic wound healing in vivo

Wangbei Cao et al.

Summary: A wound dressing with immunomodulation and electroconductivity properties was prepared and tested for its effectiveness in promoting diabetic wound healing. The dressing successfully accelerated skin regeneration, collagen deposition, revascularization, and re-epithelialization in diabetic wounds. It achieved this by regulating the wound microenvironment, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and polarizing macrophages to the M2 phenotype.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Injectable conductive micro-cryogel as a muscle stem cell carrier improves myogenic proliferation, differentiation and in situ skeletal muscle regeneration

Zhiyi Zhang et al.

Summary: Injectable conductive porous nanocomposite microcryogels based on gelatin and reduced graphene oxide were designed to deliver cells for muscle repair, showing potential in enhancing skeletal muscle regeneration in a mice VML model. The microcryogels may serve as promising cell carriers in soft tissue repair by improving repair of volumetric muscle loss and reducing inflammation.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Nanocomposite conductive tough hydrogel based on metal coordination reinforced covalent Pluronic F-127 micelle network for human motion sensing

Heyuan Huang et al.

Summary: In this study, a conductive tough hydrogel was synthesized by innovatively introducing metal coordination in covalently crosslinked Pluronic F-127 micelle network and combining it with covalent crosslinking and silver nanowire reinforcement. The hydrogel exhibited anti-fatigue, high sensitivity, strong mechanical property, and good sterilization performance.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Nanocomposite conductive tough hydrogel based on metal coordination reinforced covalent Pluronic F-127 micelle network for human motion sensing

Heyuan Huang et al.

Summary: The study successfully innovated the design of conductive hydrogels by combining metal coordination and silver nanowire reinforcement technologies, resulting in materials with high tensile strength, toughness, and fatigue life, while exhibiting good cytocompatibility and antibacterial performance.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Accelerated wound healing with an ionic patch assisted by a triboelectric nanogenerator

Seol-Ha Jeong et al.

Summary: The wearable ionic triboelectric nanogenerator (iTENG) patch has been introduced as a potential therapy to accelerate wound healing by providing electric potential to impaired tissues. Studies have shown that iTENG patches can promote cell migration, proliferation, and secretion of angiogenic growth factors in both normal human dermal fibroblasts and dermal fibroblasts from diabetes mellitus patients. Additionally, rapid wound closure has been validated in in vivo animal models through electrical stimulation using iTENG patches.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Intrinsic Antibacterial and Conductive Hydrogels Based on the Distinct Bactericidal Effect of Polyaniline for Infected Chronic Wound Healing

Can Wu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the distinct bactericidal effect of polyaniline against Gram-positive bacteria, potentially through specific interaction with lipoteichoic acid to disrupt the bacterial cell wall. Additionally, a hydrogel constructed with polyaniline and sulfonated hyaluronic acid shows superior electrical stimulation for promoting infected chronic wound healing compared to conventional electrodes.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Conductive, Self-Healing, Adhesive, and Antibacterial Hydrogels Based on Lignin/Cellulose for Rapid MRSA-Infected Wound Repairing

Pengpeng Deng et al.

Summary: This study developed multifunctional hydrogels based on lignin and cellulose, exhibiting excellent physical and biological properties for treating infected wounds and promoting wound healing.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Injectable, Intrinsically Antibacterial Conductive Hydrogels with Self-Healing and pH Stimulus Responsiveness for Epidermal Sensors and Wound Healing

Ling Fan et al.

Summary: This study developed a chitosan-based hydrogel with self-healing, conductive, and antibacterial properties, which can be used as a sensor to monitor human health in real-time and promote wound healing. The injectable hydrogel, fabricated via Schiff base linkage and hydrogen bond, shows pH responsiveness and broad-spectrum antibacterial properties.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Antioxidative and Conductive Nanoparticles-Embedded Cell Niche for Neural Differentiation and Spinal Cord Injury Repair

Chengheng Wu et al.

Summary: This study developed difunctional polypyrrole nanoparticles incorporated into bioactive collagen/hyaluronan hydrogel to construct an antioxidative and conductive microenvironment for nerve regeneration. The embedded PPy protected BMSCs from oxidative damage and promoted neuronal differentiation with the synergy between conductivity and electrical stimulation, associated with PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathway. In SCI rats, the difunctional hydrogel laden with BMSCs restored bioelectric signal transmission, inhibited secondary damage, and facilitated neurogenesis, resulting in prominent nerve regeneration and functional recovery.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Conductive, adaptive, multifunctional hydrogel combined with electrical stimulation for deep wound repair

Huan Lei et al.

Summary: The study developed an adaptive conductive hydrogel to promote wound healing, with functionalities such as hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammation, cell proliferation, and collagen deposition, showing great potential in electrical stimulation therapy.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Microfluidic hollow fiber with improved stiffness repairs peripheral nerve injury through non-invasive electromagnetic induction and controlled release of NGF

Jiao Jiao et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated the practical role of electromagnetic induction and neurotrophic factors in promoting nerve regeneration for peripheral nerve injury repair. The use of size-tunable microfluidic hollow fibers with improved electrical conductivity and controlled release of nerve growth factors showed accelerated nerve regeneration and functional recovery in rats with sciatic nerve defects.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A conductive dual-network hydrogel composed of oxidized dextran and hyaluronic-hydrazide as BDNF delivery systems for potential spinal cord injury repair

Fei Huang et al.

Summary: The study introduced a novel hydrogel for sustainable release of BDNF in SCI repair, mimicking the properties of natural spinal cords with the ability to promote neural stem cell differentiation into neurons and inhibit astrocyte differentiation.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Highly elastic, electroconductive, immunomodulatory graphene crosslinked collagen cryogel for spinal cord regeneration

Gopal Agarwal et al.

Summary: The novel electro-conductive graphene collagen cryogels fabricated for nerve conduits exhibit appropriate electrical and mechanical cues, promoting the expression of specific genes in BM-MSCs and enhancing neuronal differentiation under electric stimulation. Furthermore, the cryogels can stimulate ATP secretion from BM-MSCs, aiding in neuronal regeneration and immune modulation.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Smart and pH-sensitive rGO/Arabinoxylan/chitosan composite for wound dressing: In-vitro drug delivery, antibacterial activity, and biological activities

Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan et al.

Summary: The research explored the potential of composite hydrogels based on ARX, CS, and rGO for wound dressing in skin wound healing, demonstrating their excellent antibacterial properties and controlled drug release capabilities. The hydrogels showed pH sensitivity and maximum drug release at pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C, making them promising biomaterials for treating and caring for skin wounds.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conductive Antibacterial Hemostatic Multifunctional Scaffolds Based on Ti3C2Tx MXene Nanosheets for Promoting Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria-Infected Wound Healing

Li Zhou et al.

Summary: The study utilized 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene to develop multifunctional scaffolds HPEM for MRSA-infected wound healing. HPEM scaffolds displayed properties such as self-healing behavior, electrical conductivity, tissue-adhesive feature, and antibacterial activity, significantly promoting wound healing.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conductive Cellulose Bio-Nanosheets Assembled Biostable Hydrogel for Reliable Bioelectronics

Liwei Yan et al.

Summary: This study developed biostable cellulose-derived conductive 2D bio-nanosheets and a conductive hydrogel, capable of surviving in harsh physiological environments. The hydrogel can stably record electrophysiological signals and aid in wound healing, laying the foundation for designing reliable bioelectronic devices.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bioinspired Conductive Silk Microfiber Integrated Bioelectronic for Diagnosis and Wound Healing in Diabetes

Zhanrong Jia et al.

Summary: Conductive silk microfibers were fabricated using a bioinspired method in this study, which were then used to make a conductive flexible silk fibroin patch for monitoring physiological signals and promoting chronic diabetic wound healing with excellent performance.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Super-ductile, injectable, fast self-healing collagen-based hydrogels with multi-responsive and accelerated wound-repair properties

Min Zhang et al.

Summary: A multifunctional, extremely soft collagen-based hydrogel (COL-GG-PNIPAMs) was prepared by introducing collagen, guar gum, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), graphene oxide, and borax, showing desirable properties like processability, injectability, and remoldability. The hydrogels exhibited super-ductile deformation, self-healing, thermal sensitivity, and NIR-responsive properties. They also showed potential for strain sensing and enhanced skin wound repair effect, expanding the applications of collagen-based hydrogels.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cellulose nanocrystal mediated fast self-healing and shape memory conductive hydrogel for wearable strain sensors

Guifa Xiao et al.

Summary: A fast self-healing and shape memory electro-conductive hydrogel with excellent biocompatibility was developed by incorporating cellulose nanocrystals grafted phenylboronic add and multiwalled carbon nanotubes into polyvinyl alcohol. This hydrogel shows outstanding mechanical properties and conductivity, making it suitable for use as a strain sensor in human health management.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biomechanical Motion-Activated Endogenous Wound Healing through LBL Self-Powered Nanocomposite Repairer with pH-Responsive Anti-Inflammatory Effect

Renqiang Yuan et al.

Summary: A dress-on-person self-powered nanocomposite bioactive repairer of wound is designed in this study, which accelerates wound healing by promoting cell behavior and neovascularization through self-powered EST, while also possessing characteristics of self-healing, high tissue adhesion, and biodegradation.
Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultra-Conformable Ionic Skin with Multi-Modal Sensing, Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Regenerative Capabilities for Smart and Expedited Wound Care

Xiao Lin et al.

Summary: MiS is an ultra-conformable, adhesive multi-functional ionic skin designed for smart and expedited wound care, with capabilities such as enhancing wound healing, inhibiting biofilm formation, multi-modal sensing, and locally releasing drugs.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Biocompatible Chitin Hydrogel Incorporated with PEDOT Nanoparticles for Peripheral Nerve Repair

Lin Huang et al.

Summary: The nerve guidance conduit (NGC) made of a hydrogel film composed of chitin and conductive PEDOT nanoparticles was found to significantly promote Schwann cell adhesion and proliferation, leading to enhanced nerve regeneration. The composite material also showed similarities in muscle function and axon thickness compared to autografts in rat sciatic nerve defects, indicating its potential in accelerating peripheral nerve restoration.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dual-Dynamic-Bond Cross-Linked Antibacterial Adhesive Hydrogel Sealants with On-Demand Removability for Post-Wound-Closure and Infected Wound Healing

Yuqing Liang et al.

Summary: The research developed a smart bioadhesive hydrogel sealant with self-healing and excellent antibacterial activity, showing high effectiveness in wound closure and post-wound-closure care. The hydrogel features autonomous healing, on-demand dissolution, injectability, good biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, multifunctional adhesiveness, and NIR responsiveness. In vivo evaluation demonstrated the great potential of the smart hydrogel in dealing with skin incisions and infected full-thickness skin wounds.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Bioactive anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, conductive multifunctional scaffold based on MXene@CeO2 nanocomposites for infection-impaired skin multimodal therapy

Hua Zheng et al.

Summary: This study successfully developed multifunctional MXene@CeO2 nanocomposites for a hydrogel scaffold with various properties for treating MDR-infected skin, including self-healing, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidative, conductive, tissue-adhesive, and hemostatic capabilities. The scaffold showed efficacy in promoting cell migration and proliferation, accelerating wound healing, and addressing multidrug resistant infections.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Nanotubes-Based Hydrogels for Bacterial Eradiation and Wound-Healing Applications

Tejal V. Patil et al.

Summary: Biocompatible nanomaterials, particularly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have superior antimicrobial, adhesive, and mechanical properties that make them suitable for wound-healing and antibacterial applications. The conductivity of CNTs is significantly influenced by their structure, temperature, and functionalization, while surface functionalization can easily modify their properties to enhance antibacterial potential.

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Injectable and conductive cardiac patches repair infarcted myocardium in rats and minipigs

Leyu Wang et al.

Summary: Injectable and electrically conductive scaffolds with shape-memory behavior and hierarchical porous structure show promising results in functional repair of infarcted heart muscle in rats and minipigs, by increasing fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and reducing the infarcted area.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Self-curling electroconductive nerve dressing for enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration in diabetic rats

Can Liu et al.

Summary: Conductive scaffolds have shown therapeutic effects for patients with peripheral nerve injuries. The development of biocompatible electroconductive hydrogels has been proposed in this study, which can promote nerve repair and functional recovery.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Highly Adhesive, Conductive, and Self-Healing Hydrogel with Triple Cross-Linking Inspired by Mussel and DNA for Wound Adhesion and Human Motion Sensing

Xiaodie Ma et al.

Summary: A novel hydrogel with strong adhesion, self-healing property, and high toughness was constructed based on biomimicry principles. It can be used for wound adhesion and hemostasis, and also serves as a sensitive sensor to monitor human movement.

ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS (2021)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Accelerated Skin Wound Healing by Electrical Stimulation

Ruizeng Luo et al.

Summary: When the integrity of the skin is compromised, an endogenous electric field is generated to facilitate wound healing, while exogenous electric fields can assist in treating wounds that cannot heal on their own. The effects of exogenous electrical stimulation on wound healing involve inflammation, blood flow, cell proliferation and migration, and wound scarring. New electrical stimulation methods and devices are characterized by being safe, low-cost, stable, and small in size.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Conducting Polymer-Based Granular Hydrogels for Injectable 3D Cell Scaffolds

Vivian Rachel Feig et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates an injectable granular hydrogel with electrical conductivity, which can easily encapsulate stem cells and shows excellent biocompatibility. The granular conductor not only possesses high electrical conductivity, but also excels in cell encapsulation and self-healing.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Shark Tooth-Inspired Microneedle Dressing for Intelligent Wound Management

Maoze Guo et al.

Summary: Intelligent wound management beyond therapeutic drug treatment shows potential in promoting recovery from chronic wounds. A shark tooth-inspired microneedle patch was developed using biomimetic structures for stable adhesion, controlled drug release, and analysis of inflammatory factors, as well as sensitive motion monitoring with MXene electronics, demonstrating improved recovery for full-thickness cutaneous wounds.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Two-Dimensional-Germanium Phosphide-Reinforced Conductive and Biodegradable Hydrogel Scaffolds Enhance Spinal Cord Injury Repair

Chao Xu et al.

Summary: Integrating conductive and biodegradable germanium phosphide (GeP) nanosheets into an injectable hydrogel matrix has been successfully applied for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair, significantly improving the conductivity of the hydrogel and accelerating the differentiation of neural stem cells. In a rat SCI complete transection model, implantation of HA-DA/GeP@PDA hydrogel significantly enhanced locomotor function recovery and promoted immune regulation, endogenous angiogenesis, and endogenous NSC neurogenesis in the lesion area.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pro-Healing Zwitterionic Skin Sensor Enables Multi-Indicator Distinction and Continuous Real-Time Monitoring

Hongshuang Guo et al.

Summary: A zwitterionic skin sensor system has been developed to continuously monitor and differentiate three-stimuli-responsive information in real-time, avoiding signal interference. This system utilizes a sandwich structure to monitor temperature, mechanical, and glucose information through variations in capacitance and resistance in different layers, which can be used for smart wound dressings to monitor chronic diabetic wounds.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rational Design of Immunomodulatory Hydrogels for Chronic Wound Healing

Mahshid Kharaziha et al.

Summary: The immune reaction plays a critical role in chronic wound healing, with modulation of macrophages' polarization being an appealing approach in regenerative medicine. The use of hydrogels-based constructs has been recently developed to adjust immune cell functions in various stages of wound healing. The properties of hydrogels have significant effects on immunogenic features and the wound healing process.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

A tunable self-healing ionic hydrogel with microscopic homogeneous conductivity as a cardiac patch for myocardial infarction repair

Xiaoping Song et al.

Summary: The study developed a self-healing and conductive hydrogel for myocardial infarction treatment, showing promising results in repairing heart muscle damage.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Skin-inspired gelatin-based flexible bio-electronic hydrogel for wound healing promotion and motion sensing

Manhui Zheng et al.

Summary: The study introduces a mechanically-flexible, electroactive, and self-healable hydrogel (MESGel) with outstanding biocompatibility and multifunctional therapeutic properties. Experimental results demonstrate that MESGel can effectively promote cell proliferation, accelerate skin wound healing, and has the potential to be a novel flexible electronic skin sensor.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Electricity auto-generating skin patch promotes wound healing process by activation of mechanosensitive ion channels

Tae-Hyun Kim et al.

Summary: Electricity plays a significant role in wound healing by activating mechanosensitive ion channels and calcium influx to promote key functions in the wound healing process. This study demonstrates that the electricity auto-generating EBC skin patch can accelerate wound healing by modulating inflammation, stimulating angiogenesis, enhancing fibroblast functionality, and promoting matrix synthesis.

BIOMATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Ionic liquid functionalized non-releasing antibacterial hydrogel dressing coupled with electrical stimulation for the promotion of diabetic wound healing

Pan Liu et al.

Summary: A multifunctional and conductive hydrogel dressing developed in this study based on polymerized ionic liquid and konjac glucomannan showed excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and an efficient sterilization effect. When combined with electrical stimulation, it significantly improved fibroblast cell migration and proliferation, as well as the treatment effect on diabetic skin wounds, providing a novel strategy for efficiently treating chronic wounds.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Injectable biomimetic hydrogels encapsulating Gold/metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites for enhanced antibacterial and wound healing activity under visible light actuation

Zhiwen Deng et al.

Summary: This study introduced a biomimetic injectable double-network hydrogel using semiconductor nanomaterials to enhance ROS generation for antibacterial properties and wound healing acceleration.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Anti-Sandwich Structured Photo-Electronic Wound Dressing for Highly Efficient Bacterial Infection Therapy

Kun Zhou et al.

Summary: A new type of anti-sandwich structured photo-electronic wound dressing (PEWD) is developed in this research, providing rapid, on-demand, and sustained generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through synergistic electrodynamic and photodynamic therapy. Animal experiments demonstrate the effective treatment of bacterial infection and shortened healing time with this innovative wound dressing.
Review Engineering, Biomedical

Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Wound Healing

Xiao Xiao et al.

Summary: Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising technology for wound healing, offering a wide range of benefits such as choice of biocompatible materials, simple fabrication, high output power, and low cost. While challenges remain, TENGs are proving to be a valuable platform for human-centric therapeutics in the era of Internet of Things.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Smart Asymmetric Hydrogel with Integrated Multi-Functions of NIR-Triggered Tunable Adhesion, Self-Deformation, and Bacterial Eradication

Lan Feng et al.

Summary: The study developed a thermosensitive hydrogel with tunable adhesion, self-deformation, and antibacterial properties triggered by near-infrared light, which can be used for on-demand dressing changes and effectively combat various bacterial infections. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the hydrogel promoted wound healing.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Conductive single-wall carbon nanotubes/extracellular matrix hybrid hydrogels promote the lineage-specific development of seeding cells for tissue repair through reconstructing an integrin-dependent niche

Rui Bai et al.

Summary: The study developed a hybrid hydrogel by incorporating single-wall carbon nanotubes into heart-derived extracellular matrixes, reconstructing an augmented integrin-dependent niche to activate integrin-related pathway of seeding cells. The hybrid hydrogels significantly promoted seeding cell adhesion, differentiation, and structural and functional development towards mature cardiac tissues as supporting scaffolds in vitro; and enhanced cardiac differentiation and maturation of stem cells in vivo for improved myocardial regeneration and repair.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids in Biomedicine

Alexander M. Curreri et al.

Summary: Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents have seen a significant growth in biomedical applications, particularly in drug solubilization, formulation, delivery, protein stabilization, and new biosensors. Overcoming current challenges in these applications will require considerations of biocompatibility, impurities, and a comprehensive understanding of microscopic interactions within ionic liquids.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Advanced biomedical hydrogels: molecular architecture and its impact on medical applications

Jonathan T. Peters et al.

Summary: Hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric networks that can be synthesized through various polymerization methods, allowing for tunable chemical characteristics and compatibility with biological systems. They can exhibit swelling or collapsing responses to external stimuli.

REGENERATIVE BIOMATERIALS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Conductive dual hydrogen bonding hydrogels for the electrical stimulation of infected chronic wounds

Ye Wu et al.

Summary: A study successfully prepared a tough conductive hydrogel with similar conductivity to human skin and superior mechanical properties. The hydrogel exhibited intense antimicrobial activity, and electrical stimulation via the conductive hydrogel was more effective in healing infected wounds than traditional methods.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Polypyrrole-doped conductive self-healing multifunctional composite hydrogels with a dual crosslinked network

Xuemiao Wang et al.

Summary: This study describes the fabrication of novel composite hydrogels with mechanical and electrical self-healing properties using a simple method. The hydrogels exhibit high conductivity, stretchability, toughness, and moldability. The synergy between dynamic coordinations and hydrogen bonding enables the multifunctional properties, while a balance between crosslinking networks and nanostructure contributes to the ideal mechanical properties.

SOFT MATTER (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Heart Repair Induced by Cardiac Progenitor Cell Delivery within Polypyrrole-Loaded Cardiogel Post-ischemia

Melika Parchehbaf-Kashani et al.

Summary: The study successfully improved cardiac function and CPC retention in rat hearts by transplanting CPC using a PPy-doped scaffold, demonstrating its therapeutic potential.

ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stimuli-responsive conductive hydrogels: design, properties, and applications

Zexing Deng et al.

Summary: Stimuli-responsive conductive hydrogels, combining the advantages of conductive polymers, carbon nanomaterials, metals, and conductive ionic compounds, have emerged as a new concept in the field of hydrogel research. These hydrogels can respond to various stimuli such as temperature, pH, light, magnetic fields, and electrical fields, and have a wide range of applications in sensors, electronic devices, drug release, wound healing, photothermal therapy, tissue engineering, and cell delivery. Various issues still need to be addressed, and future directions for the development of new types of stimuli-responsive conductive hydrogels are proposed in this review.

MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Moist-Retaining, Self-Recoverable, Bioadhesive, and Transparent in Situ Forming Hydrogels To Accelerate Wound Healing

Jun Li et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Conductive biomaterials for muscle tissue engineering

Ruonan Dong et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2020)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Antimicrobial hydrogels based on PVA and diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) derived from brown alga Ishige okamurae: An in vitro and in vivo study for wound dressing application

Min-Sung Kim et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2020)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Soft and Ion-Conducting Materials in Bioelectronics: From Conducting Polymers to Hydrogels

Manping Jia et al.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2020)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Advances and Impact of Antioxidant Hydrogel in Chronic Wound Healing

Zejun Xu et al.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Injectable Antimicrobial Conductive Hydrogels for Wound Disinfection and Infectious Wound Healing

Yongping Liang et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2020)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Biocompatible In Situ Polymerization of Multipurpose Polyacrylamide-Based Hydrogels on Skin via Silver Ion Catalyzation

Haifeng Ji et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Adaptive All-In-One Delivery Chip for Rapid Skin Nerves Regeneration by Endogenous Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Li-Hua Peng et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stimuli-Responsive Materials for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery

Sofia Municoy et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Injectable Hypoxia-Induced Conductive Hydrogel to Promote Diabetic Wound Healing

Xin Jin et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

An Injectable, Electroconductive Hydrogel/Scaffold for Neural Repair and Motion Sensing

Junpeng Xu et al.

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Conductive hydrogel composites with autonomous self-healing properties

Xiaohui Li et al.

SOFT MATTER (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Conductive carbon nanofibers incorporated into collagen bio-scaffold assists myocardial injury repair

Mahsa Tashakori-Miyanroudi et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

MXene hydrogels: fundamentals and applications

Yi-Zhou Zhang et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Skin-Inspired Antibacterial Conductive Hydrogels for Epidermal Sensors and Diabetic Foot Wound Dressings

Yue Zhao et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2019)

Review Biophysics

Application of conducting polymers to wound care and skin tissue engineering: A review

Milena Talikowska et al.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2019)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Bioprinting of a Cell-Laden Conductive Hydrogel Composite

Andrew R. Spencer et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biocompatible conductive hydrogels based on dextran and aniline trimer as electro-responsive drug delivery system for localized drug release

Jin Qu et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2019)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Conductive Polymers and Hydrogels for Neural Tissue Engineering

Metin Uz et al.

JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE (2019)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Facile synthesis of ZnO QDs@GO-CS hydrogel for synergetic antibacterial applications and enhanced wound healing

Ying Liang et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Reversibly Assembled Electroconductive Hydrogel via a Host-Guest Interaction for 3D Cell Culture

Yong Xu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2019)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Carbon-based hydrogels: synthesis and their recent energy applications

Jayakumar Anjali et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2019)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Hydrogel/fiber conductive scaffold for bone tissue engineering

Sajedeh Khorshidi et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A (2018)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Drug delivery systems and materials for wound healing applications

Saghi Saghazadeh et al.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2018)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Paintable and Rapidly Bondable Conductive Hydrogels as Therapeutic Cardiac Patches

Shuang Liang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2018)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Conducting Polymers for Tissue Engineering

Baolin Guo et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2018)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conductive Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges in Biomedical Applications

Toktam Nezakati et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2018)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

3D printing nano conductive multi-walled carbon nanotube scaffolds for nerve regeneration

Se-Jun Lee et al.

JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING (2018)

Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

UV-Assisted 3D Bioprinting of Nanoreinforced Hybrid Cardiac Patch for Myocardial Tissue Engineering

Mohammad Izadifar et al.

TISSUE ENGINEERING PART C-METHODS (2018)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Conductive and Tough Hydrogels Based on Biopolymer Molecular Templates for Controlling in Situ Formation of Polypyrrole Nanorods

Donglin Gan et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2018)

Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Conductive gelatin methacrylate-poly(aniline) hydrogel for cell encapsulation

Stephen W. Sawyer et al.

BIOMEDICAL PHYSICS & ENGINEERING EXPRESS (2018)

Article Polymer Science

Carbon nanotubes hybrid hydrogels for electrically tunable release of Curcumin

Giuseppe Cirillo et al.

EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL (2017)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Rational Design of a Conductive Collagen Heart Patch

Peter C. Sherrell et al.

MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE (2017)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Self-Healing Conductive Injectable Hydrogels with Antibacterial Activity as Cell Delivery Carrier for Cardiac Cell Therapy

Ruonan Dong et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pulsed electrical stimulation benefits wound healing by activating skin fibroblasts through the TGFβ1/ERK/NF-κB axis

Yongliang Wang et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS (2016)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Electrically conductive gold nanoparticle-chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels for cardiac tissue engineering

Payam Baei et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2016)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Covalent crosslinking of graphene oxide and carbon nanotube into hydrogels enhances nerve cell responses

Xifeng Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2016)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Super Stretchable Electroactive Elastomer Formation Driven by Aniline Trimer Self-Assembly

Jing Chen et al.

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS (2015)

Review Polymer Science

Biodegradable and electrically conducting polymers for biomedical applications

Baolin Guo et al.

PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE (2013)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Nanotubes Promote Growth and Spontaneous Electrical Activity in Cultured Cardiac Myocytes

Valentina Martinelli et al.

NANO LETTERS (2012)

Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials

Mahendra Rai et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2009)

Review Cell Biology

Electrical fields in wound healing-An overriding signal that directs cell migration

Min Zhao

SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2009)