Skeletal muscle mitochondrial interactome remodeling is linked to functional decline in aged female mice

By applying quantitative chemical cross-linking technologies, the authors show that changes in the mitochondrial interactome of the skeletal muscle contribute to mitochondrial functional decline in female mice. Genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic approaches have been used to gain insight into molecular underpinnings of aging in laboratory animals and in humans. However, protein function in biological systems is under complex regulation and includes factors besides abundance levels, such as modifications, localization, conformation and protein-protein interactions. By making use of quantitative chemical cross-linking technologies, we show that changes in the muscle mitochondrial interactome contribute to mitochondrial functional decline in aging in female mice. Specifically, we identify age-related changes in protein cross-links relating to assembly of electron transport system complexes I and IV, activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, and coenzyme-A binding in fatty acid beta-oxidation and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes. These changes show a remarkable correlation with complex I respiration differences within the same young-old animal pairs. Each observed cross-link can serve as a protein conformational or protein-protein interaction probe in future studies, which will provide further molecular insights into commonly observed age-related phenotypic differences. Therefore, this data set could become a valuable resource for additional in-depth molecular studies that are needed to better understand complex age-related molecular changes.

Automated summary

This study applied quantitative chemical cross-linking technologies to investigate changes in the mitochondrial interactome of skeletal muscle in aging female mice. The authors identified age-related changes in protein cross-links related to electron transport system complexes, glutamate dehydrogenase activity, and fatty acid beta-oxidation and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes. These changes were correlated with complex I respiration differences, and each observed cross-link can serve as a probe for future studies on protein conformation and interactions.