The effects of alkylthio chains on the properties of symmetric liquid crystal dimers

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Non-linear disulphide-centred S-shaped oligomers with inner and outer spacers connected by aromatic azo moieties

Pui-Wing Yap et al.

Summary: This article reports the synthesis and characterization of a series of non-linear S-shaped oligomers, which exhibit prominent photoisomerisation behavior and an odd-even effect.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Effects of alkylthio groups on phase transitions of organic molecules and liquid crystals: a comparative study with alkyl and alkoxy groups

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: The alkylthio groups mainly decrease phase transition temperatures, especially T-NI or T-IN, and hinder liquid crystal formation for organic rod-like molecules, primarily due to conformational flexibility, steric bulkiness, and lower molecular anisotropy imposed by C-S-C. The sulfur atom contributes to intermolecular attractive interactions, reflected in phase transitions as spatially averaged phenomena (i.e., dispersion force and more polarizable pi-systems). The influence of these interactions becomes more pronounced with lengthening alkyl chains.

CRYSTENGCOMM (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Helical phases assembled from achiral molecules: Twist-bend nematic and helical filamentary B4 phases formed by mesogenic dimers

E. Cruickshank et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis and characterization of a series of bent odd-membered mesogenic dimers. These materials exhibit a tendency to form helical structures and we report three chiral phases in a single homologous series for the first time.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Management of validation of HPLC method for determination of acetylsalicylic acid impurities in a new pharmaceutical product

Malgorzata Kowalska et al.

Summary: The study focuses on validating a method for determining the content of salicylic acid and unknown impurities in new pharmaceutical tablets. HPLC was used for separation, and the method was confirmed to be linear, precise, and accurate through validation tests.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Chalcogen bonding and liquid crystallinity: Understanding the anomalous behaviour of the 4′-(alkylthio)[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carbonitriles (nSCB)

Ewan Cruickshank et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis and characterisation of the first eleven members of the 4'-(alkylthio)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carbonitriles series, all of which exhibit liquid crystal behaviour. The transitional behaviour of these compounds shows a new pattern compared to corresponding compounds, with a significant decrease in nematic-isotropic transition temperatures attributed to chalcogen bonding.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Remarkable stabilisation of the intercalated smectic phases of nonsymmetric dimers by tert-butyl groups

Rebecca Walker et al.

Summary: This study presents the synthesis and characterization of two groups of nonsymmetric dimers. The results show that chain branching improves packing efficiency within the crystalline structure and enhances the tendency to exhibit smectic phases. The transition temperatures for nematic-isotropic and smectic A-isotropic phases vary depending on the terminal chains and the spacer length.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Ten-Year Perspective on Twist-Bend Nematic Materials

Richard J. Mandle

Summary: The discovery of the twist-bend nematic phase (N-TB) has significant implications in the field of liquid crystals, providing a fresh impetus to the design and characterization of dimeric and oligomeric liquid crystalline materials. This review highlights the developments in this area, focusing on how molecular features relate to the incidence of the N-TB phase.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Article Crystallography

Twist-Bend Nematic Phase Behavior of Cyanobiphenyl-Based Dimers with Propane, Ethoxy, and Ethylthio Spacers

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study investigates the effects of different linkage types on the phase-transition behaviors of cyanobiphenyl dimers, revealing their influence on the transition temperature and crystallization tendencies. The findings highlight the characteristics of liquid crystal phase transitions.

CRYSTALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Synthesis, phase transitions, and liquid crystal behavior of alkylthio azobenzenes

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis, phase transitions, and mesomorphic behavior of alkylthio-appended azo-benzenes. It was found that compounds with longer alkyl chains and asymmetric structures are more likely to form liquid crystal phases.

TETRAHEDRON (2022)

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Review Crystallography

Liquid Crystal Dimers and Smectic Phases from the Intercalated to the Twist-Bend

Corrie T. Imrie et al.

Summary: This review explores the relationship between molecular structure and the presence of smectic phases in liquid crystal dimers, and discusses the recent discovery of twist-bend, heliconical smectic phases. The shape of the dimers, whether linear or bent, plays a crucial role in determining their smectic behavior. Symmetric dimers exhibit microphase separation and monolayer smectic phases, while nonsymmetric dimers display intercalated smectic phases. Additionally, odd-membered dimers with sufficient curvature can exhibit twist-bend nematic phases. By utilizing empirical relationships derived for smectogenic and twist-bend nematogenic dimers, new twist-bend, heliconical smectic phases were designed and named SmCTB phases.

CRYSTALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

4′-Alkylseleno-4-cyanobiphenyls, nSeCB: synthesis and substituent effects on the phase-transition and liquid crystalline behaviors

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis and phase-transition behavior of a new series of 4'-alkylseleno-4-cyanobiphenyls. It was found that compounds with shorter alkyl chain lengths displayed a monotropic nematic phase at low temperatures, while those with longer alkyl chain lengths formed N phases. The length of the alkyl chain had a significant impact on the phase-transition temperatures. Furthermore, compared to other homologous series, the 4'-alkylseleno-4-cyanobiphenyls showed lower mesogenic ability and lower phase-transition temperatures.

CRYSTENGCOMM (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Alkylthio-based asymmetric liquid crystals: unravelling the substituent effects and intercalated cybotactic nematic and smectic phases

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of alkylthio and alkoxy groups on short-chain liquid crystal phases. A novel series of asymmetric 1,4-phenylene bis(benzoate)s were synthesized, and it was found that the compound with the shortest chain length formed a unique half-intercalated liquid crystal phase. X-ray diffraction results showed that the layer period of this phase was half of the molecular length.

MATERIALS ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Thioether-linked azobenzene-based liquid crystal dimers exhibiting the twist-bend nematic phase over a wide temperature range

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: Two homologous series of sulfur-containing thioether-linked 4-cyanoazobenzene-based liquid crystal dimers were developed, with symmetric and non-symmetric structures. The non-symmetric dimers exhibited a supercooled glassy N(TB) phase, showcasing stability due to molecular bend assisted by thioether linkages. Symmetric dimers had higher phase-transition temperatures overall, but the difference in mesogenic arm structures had minimal impact on their molecular geometry or anisotropy.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mirror Symmetry Breaking and Network Formation in Achiral Polycatenars with Thioether Tail

Mohamed Alaasar et al.

Summary: This study presents the design and molecular self-assembly of two series of rod-like achiral polycatenar molecules, leading to wide temperature ranges and the formation of helical self-assembly networks in liquid crystalline materials. The spontaneous emergence of mirror symmetry breaking in achiral molecules was observed upon alkylthio chain elongation.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Thioether-linked benzylideneaniline-based twist-bend nematic liquid crystal dimers: Insights into spacer lengths, mesogenic arm structures, and linkage types

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study synthesized and characterized thioether-linked benzylideneaniline-based liquid crystal dimer homologues, revealing a new twist-bend nematic phase and the impact of the N-(4-cyanobenzylidene)aniline structure on the liquid crystal phase-transition behavior.

TETRAHEDRON (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Remarkable smectic phase behaviour in odd-membered liquid crystal dimers: the CT6O.m series

Rebecca Walker et al.

Summary: The synthesis and characterization of the first ten homologues of CT6O.m were reported, revealing a rich smectic polymorphism. Each CT6O.m homologue exhibited up to four smectic phases, with CT6O.10 showing a different sequence of smectic phases below the N phase. The phases were confirmed using a combination of techniques including polarised optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and optical birefringence studies.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Methylene- and thioether-linked cyanobiphenyl-based liquid crystal dimers CBnSCB exhibiting room temperature twist-bend nematic phases and glasses

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: This study developed a series of stable N-TB phase liquid crystal dimers and observed their glass formation below room temperature. Compared to previously reported analogs, these new liquid crystal phases exhibit more stable and vitrifiable characteristics.

MATERIALS ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

The interplay between spatial and heliconical orientational order in twist-bend nematic materials

R. Saha et al.

Summary: The study investigated the helical structure in sulfur-containing dimer materials using hard and resonant soft X-ray scattering, revealing the presence of the helical structure not only in the N-TB phase but even in the upper range of a liquid crystal phase forming below the N-TB state. This indicates the coexistence of smectic layering and heliconical order in a layered (SmA(TB)) phase.

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Distinct twist-bend nematic phase behaviors associated with the ester-linkage direction of thioether-linked liquid crystal dimers

Yuki Arakawa et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates distinct nano-to-macroscopic N-TB phase behaviors of two homologous series of sulfur-containing cyanobiphenyl-based LC dimers, CBCOOnSCB and CBOCOnSCB, with different ester-bond directions. The homologues of n = 4 and 6 show stable N-TB phases across a broad temperature range, with different nanoscopic helical pitch lengths. The molecular bend of LC dimers strongly influences the precession angle of the heliconical helix and thus the resulting pitch length.

MATERIALS ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ether- and Thioether-Linked Naphthalene-Based Liquid-Crystal Dimers: Influence of Chalcogen Linkage and Mesogenic-Arm Symmetry on the Incidence and Stability of the Twist-Bend Nematic Phase

Yuki Arakawa et al.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Thioether-linked liquid crystal dimers and trimers: The twist-bend nematic phase

Yuki Arakawa et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Investigation on thermal behaviour and optical properties of non-symmetric cholesterol-based twin liquid crystals with thioester linkages

Zhiming Fang et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Electrically Tunable Multicolored Filter Using Birefringent Plasmonic Resonators and Liquid Crystals

Luc Driencourt et al.

ACS PHOTONICS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Liquid crystal dimers and the twist-bend nematic phase: On the role of spacers and terminal alkyl chains

Ewan Forsyth et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Supramolecular hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals based on 4-n-alkylthiobenzoic acids and 4,4′-bipyridine: Their mesomorphic behavior with comparative study including alkyl and alkoxy counterparts

Yuki Arakawa et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Multi-level chirality in liquid crystals formed by achiral molecules

Miroslaw Salamonczyk et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Alkylthio- and alkyl-substituted asymmetric diphenyldiacetylene-based liquid crystals: phase transitions, mesophase and single-crystal structures, and birefringence

Yuki Arakawa et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sulfur-linked cyanobiphenyl-based liquid crystal dimers and the twist-bend nematic phase

Ewan Cruickshank et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Twist-bend nematic liquid crystals based on thioether linkage

Yuki Arakawa et al.

NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Molecular curvature, specific intermolecular interactions and the twist-bend nematic phase: the synthesis and characterisation of the 1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4-yl)-6-(4-alkylanilinebenzylidene-4-oxy)hexanes (CB6O.m)

Rebecca Walker et al.

SOFT MATTER (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Novel diphenylacetylene-based room-temperature liquid crystalline molecules with alkylthio groups, and investigation of the role for terminal alkyl chains in mesogenic incidence and tendency

Yuki Arakawa et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis, phase transitions and birefringence of novel liquid crystalline 1,4-phenylene bis(4-alkylthio benzoates) and insights into the cybotactic nematic behaviour

Yuki Arakawa et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Heliconical smectic phases formed by achiral molecules

Jordan P. Abberley et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of a series of dimers derived from thioether-terminated and cholesteryl

Xuenan Zong et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Phase transitions and birefringence of bistolane-based nematic molecules with an alkyl, alkoxy and alkylthio group

Yuki Arakawa et al.

MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hydrogen bonding liquid crystalline benzoic acids with alkylthio groups: phase transition behavior and insights into the cybotactic nematic phase

Yuki Arakawa et al.

NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Development of novel bistolane-based liquid crystalline molecules with an alkylsulfanyl group for highly birefringent materials

Yuki Arakawa et al.

RSC ADVANCES (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

What makes a liquid crystal? The effect of free volume on soft matter

John W. Goodby et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2015)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Polarization-independent actively tunable colour generation on imprinted plasmonic surfaces

Daniel Franklin et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Assembly of thioether-containing rod-like liquid crystalline materials assisted by hydrogen-bonding terminal carboxyl groups

Yuki Arakawa et al.

RSC ADVANCES (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis of new wide nematic diaryl-diacetylenes containing thiophene-based heteromonocyclic and heterobicyclic structures, and their birefringence properties

Yuki Arakawa et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2014)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis and Characterization of Two Phenyl Ring Core-Based Thiophene Mesogens

M. Kesava Reddy et al.

MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chiral heliconical ground state of nanoscale pitch in a nematic liquid crystal of achiral molecular dimers

Dong Chen et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Nematic twist-bend phase with nanoscale modulation of molecular orientation

V. Borshch et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Cholesteryl-based liquid crystal dimers containing a sulfur-sulfur link in the flexible spacer

Huey-Charn Lee et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2012)

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Article Physics, Fluids & Plasmas

Phase behavior and properties of the liquid-crystal dimer 1,7-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′- yl) heptane: A twist-bend nematic liquid crystal

M. Cestari et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW E (2011)

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Article Optics

Tunable-focus flat liquid-crystal diffractive lens

Pouria Valley et al.

OPTICS LETTERS (2010)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid crystal oligomers: going beyond dimers

Corrie T. Imrie et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2009)

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Article Physics, Applied

Lowring lasing threshold in chiral nematic liquid crystal structure with different anisotropies

Mu Guen Chee et al.

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS & EXPRESS LETTERS (2007)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Phase transitions in novel disulphide-bridged alkoxycyanobiphenyl dimers

Santanu Kumar Pal et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2007)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthesis of self-organizing mesogenic materials containing a sulfur-based five-membered heterocyclic core

Alexander Seed

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2007)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid crystal dimers and higher oligomers: Between monomers and polymers

Corrie T. Imrie et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2007)

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Article Computer Science, Software Engineering

Ambient occlusion and edge cueing to enhance real time molecular visualization

Marco Tarini et al.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS (2006)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Effect of introducing thioether linkages on the molecular organization of chiral twin liquid crystals

I Nishiyama et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2004)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photoreplicated anisotropic liquid-crystalline lenses for aberration control and dual-layer readout of optical discs

HR Stapert et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2003)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Methylene-linked liquid crystal dimers

PA Henderson et al.

LIQUID CRYSTALS (2001)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Synthesis, transition temperatures, and optical properties of compounds with simple phenyl units linked by double bond, triple bond, ester or propiolate linkages

GJ Cross et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY (2000)

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The effects of alkylthio chains on the properties of symmetric liquid crystal dimers

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