期刊
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
卷 6, 期 11, 页码 3625-3633出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.033423
关键词
sex chromosomes; Xenopus; rapid evolution; sex chromosome turnover; SOX3; Genetics of sex
资金
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN/283102-2012]
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University
Sexual differentiation is fundamentally important for reproduction, yet the genetic triggers of this developmental process can vary, even between closely related species. Recent studies have uncovered, for example, variation in the genetic triggers for sexual differentiation within and between species of African clawed frogs (genus Xenopus). Here, we extend these discoveries by demonstrating that yet another sex determination system exists in Xenopus, specifically in the species Xenopus borealis. This system evolved recently in an ancestor of X. borealis that had the same sex determination system as X. laevis, a system which itself is newly evolved. Strikingly, the genomic region carrying the sex determination factor in X. borealis is homologous to that of therian mammals, including humans. Our results offer insights into how the genetic underpinnings of conserved phenotypes evolve, and suggest an important role for cooption of genetic building blocks with conserved developmental roles.
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