High-density linkage maps detail sex-specific regions of suppressed recombination near fusions of polymorphic chromosomes in purebred and hybrid North American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

The North American (NA) Atlantic salmon typically has 27 pairs of chromosomes, whereas the European (EU) subspecies typically has 29. We investigated within-family recombination within three previously identified chromosome rearrangements (Ssa01p/23, Ssa08/29, and Ssa26/28) in NA Atlantic salmon by creating high-density linkage maps using a custom 50K SNP chip developed for the Saint John River aquaculture strain. Linkage maps created for individual purebred and EU hybrid parents in 10 full-sibling families averaged 14 337 SNPs per cross, covering 43 033 SNPs from the 50K SNP chip. Chromosomal translocation Ssa01p/23 was fixed except in one hybrid female map. In contrast, fusion Ssa08/29 was present in maps in 4 out of 10 females and 8 out of 10 males, whereas fusion Ssa26/28 was present in maps in 6 out of 10 females and 8 out of 10 males. The orientation of Ssa08/29 differed from the previous map; the short arm of the metacentric Ssa08 was fused to the centromere of the acrocentric Ssa29. We detected large regions of recombination suppression in female maps at the fusion of Ssa08 to Ssa29. This suppression may reduce the impacts of aneuploidy resulting from pairing of fused and unfused chromosomes, thereby allowing the persistence of chromosomal polymorphisms in this population.

Automated summary

We studied within-family recombination of three chromosome rearrangements in North American Atlantic salmon using a custom 50K SNP chip. The results showed that the translocation Ssa01p/23 was fixed except in one hybrid female map, while the fusion Ssa08/29 and Ssa26/28 were present in most maps. The orientation of Ssa08/29 differed from the previous map, and recombination suppression was observed at the fusion of Ssa08 to Ssa29 in female maps.