4.7 Review

Occurrence and risks of microplastics in the ecosystems of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)

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Microplastics in the Lut and Kavir Deserts, Iran

Sajjad Abbasi et al.

Summary: This study isolated microplastics from soils collected from the Kavir and Lut Deserts on the Iranian plateau, with most of them having a fibrous nature and being composed of polyethylene terephthalate and Nylon. The majority of microplastics are likely brought into these desert environments from distant sources via wind, undergoing rapid transport, internal recycling, as well as significant photo-oxidation and mechanical weathering.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Review Food Science & Technology

Microplastics in the atmospheric compartment: a comprehensive review on methods, results on their occurrence and determining factors

Max Beaurepaire et al.

Summary: Although the presence of microplastics in the atmospheric compartment has been confirmed, knowledge about factors affecting their concentrations and transport remains limited. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms involved in the deposition and transportation of microplastics in the atmosphere.

CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Micro- and macro-plastics in beach sediment of the Algerian western coast: First data on distribution, characterization, and source

Nasr-Eddine Taibi et al.

Summary: The accumulation of plastic debris in Algerian coasts is mainly due to inadequate solid waste management and the behavior of inhabitants. The study found significant differences in plastic concentration between different beaches, with the highest number of plastic items found on beaches adjacent to coastal villages.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2021)

Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Anthropocene, the plastic age and future perspectives

Raffaele Porta

Summary: The issue of plastic waste has become a major topic on the international agenda due to the inability to effectively manage the increasing quantity of plastic materials produced. Various initiatives, including legal regulations, have been introduced to reduce plastic waste, but decisions to limit production or use of plastics are inevitably influenced by economic evaluations and the shortcomings of alternative materials.

FEBS OPEN BIO (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

More than 1000 rivers account for 80% of global riverine plastic emissions into the ocean

Lourens J. J. Meijer et al.

Summary: Research shows that plastic waste in the marine environment mainly comes from rivers, with a model approach predicting the probability of plastic waste entering the ocean and identifying regions likely to emit plastic into the ocean. It is estimated that over 1000 rivers globally contribute to 80% of plastic waste emissions, with small urban rivers being the most polluting.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Characteristics and Seasonal Distribution of Microplastics in the Surface Waters of Southwest Coast of the Caspian Sea (Guilan Province, Iran)

Majid Rasta et al.

Summary: The study investigated the presence, abundance, and distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea. Results showed that MPs were predominantly fibers in shape, with sizes ranging from 0.3-5 mm and black and blue being the most common colors. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy identified polypropylene as the dominant polymer. The low concentrations of MPs detected were attributed to lower sewage input and increased sedimentation in the investigated stations.

BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Determination of nano and microplastic particles in hypersaline lakes by multiple methods

Reza Pashaei et al.

Summary: Microplastics and nanoplastics pose challenges to aquatic environments and require attention for mitigation and management. A study on a hypersaline lake reveals discrepancies in plastic particle composition and quantity between river tributaries and the lake, suggesting different pollution sources. Different transport mechanisms and fate of microplastics are observed in extreme environments compared to lakes and oceans.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

The occurrence and dietary intake related to the presence of microplastics in drinking water in Saudi Arabia

Lama Almaiman et al.

Summary: This study investigated the presence of microplastics in bottled and tap water from Saudi Arabia and estimated the dietary intake of microplastics. The results showed that the level of dietary intake of microplastics from drinking water in Saudi Arabia is low and does not pose a concern to consumers based on current knowledge.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT (2021)

Review Environmental Sciences

The fate of plastic litter within estuarine compartments: An overview of current knowledge for the transboundary issue to guide future assessments

L. M. Pinheiro et al.

Summary: Plastics can be found in most ecosystems due to their entry into biogeochemical cycles, with rivers and estuaries being major sources of plastic pollution in oceans. Current studies lack focus on transboundary issues and estuarine gradient patterns in predicting plastic distribution and accumulation, highlighting the need for more comprehensive research.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2021)

Editorial Material Engineering, Environmental

Converting mg/L to Particles/L: Reconciling the Occurrence and Toxicity Literature on Microplastics

Frederic D. L. Leusch et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Review Environmental Sciences

Ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms: a review

Huu Cong Vo et al.

Summary: Microplastics have significant effects on aquatic organisms, with evidence limited on their ecotoxicological effects. Research shows that microplastics in aquatic environments absorb toxic organic chemicals and heavy metals, with concentrations exceeding safe thresholds. Microplastics from certain sources exhibit greater toxicity towards aquatic organisms, affecting various systems. Understanding the cumulative toxic expression of microplastics in different polluted environments is crucial.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH (2021)

Article Food Science & Technology

Microplastics contamination in food and beverages: Direct exposure to humans

Mengke Jin et al.

Summary: The study reveals the presence of microplastics in various food sources, including aquatic products, salt, drinking water, beverages, and packaged food, presenting a nonnegligible exposure route for human ingestion.

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

First evidence of microplastics occurrence in mixed surface and treated wastewater from two major Saudi Arabian cities and assessment of their ecological risk

Yolanda Pico et al.

Summary: This study assessed the water quality of channels and ponds in two major cities in Saudi Arabia to determine the impact of population on the presence and pollution characteristics of microplastics. The study found significant differences in microplastic concentrations and characteristics between Riyadh and Al-Jubail, with fibers being the dominant form of microplastics.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Temporal patterns in the abundance, type and composition of microplastics on the coast of the Rio de la Plata estuary

Rocio S. Pazos et al.

Summary: The study aimed to establish possible temporal patterns in microplastics abundance in the water and intertidal sediment in an urbanized area of the Rio de la Plata estuary, Argentina, in relation to environmental factors. Findings indicated a correlation between wind direction and particle size with microplastics distribution, with NE winds leading to greater accumulation in sediment and NW winds associated with lower abundance in water.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Occurrence and characterization of microplastics in white shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis, living in a habitat highly affected by anthropogenic pressures, northwest Persian Gulf

Mehrzad Keshavarzifard et al.

Summary: This study aimed to assess the MPs content in white shrimp inhabiting in a natural habitat affected by high anthropogenic pressures, and found that MPs were observed in the shrimps of all stations. Some M. affinis samples had recorded MPs exceeding 500 μm, potentially related to surface area and stickiness.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in different tissues of some commercially important fish species from Anzali Wetland in the Southwest Caspian Sea, Northern Iran

Majid Rasta et al.

Summary: This study found microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and gonads of nine commercially-important fish species from Anzali Wetland. Omnivorous fish had higher microplastic abundances compared to carnivorous species. The microplastics ranged in size from 20 to 4800 μm and were mainly fiber-like in shape, polyeythylene in polymer, and black in color.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Abandoned Covid-19 personal protective equipment along the Bushehr shores, the Persian Gulf: An emerging source of secondary microplastics in coastlines

Razegheh Akhbarizadeh et al.

Summary: During the Covid-19 pandemic, a study conducted in the Bushehr port coastline of the Persian Gulf found a high presence of PPE waste, with an estimated disposal rate of 350 items per day and 127,750 items per year. The damaged surgical masks and torn plastic gloves collected from the coastal areas were identified as potential sources of microplastics pollution in marine environments.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Micro-plastic occurrence in bottled vinegar: Qualification, quantification and human risk exposure

Pouran Makhdoumi et al.

Summary: Micro-plastics (MPs) were found in vinegar containers from nine popular brands in Iran, with the majority in fragment form. The most likely polymers identified were PE and HDPE. The study suggests that MPs particles can be released from food plastic containers into the content like vinegar.

PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Dry and wet deposition of microplastics in a semi-arid region (Shiraz, Iran)

Sajjad Abbasi et al.

Summary: Microplastics were found in settled dusts and rainfall collected in Shiraz and Mount Derak, Iran, with a majority of fibrous nature and polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate being the most abundant polymers. The study showed higher deposition of microplastics during dry months and suggested distal sources of microplastics carried by air masses from the north and west. Additionally, the research adds to the evidence of the global ubiquity and long-range transport of microplastics in the atmosphere.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Prevalence and physicochemical characteristics of microplastics in the sediment and water of Hashilan Wetland, a national heritage in NW Iran

Sajjad Abbasi

Summary: Microplastic particles were found in samples from Hashilan Wetland, with the highest concentration near roads, agricultural fields, and tourist centers. Fibrous microplastics were predominant in both water and sediment samples. The most common colors of microplastics were black/gray and blue/green, with polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) polymers detected in the samples. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis indicated similar behaviors between microplastics and certain potentially toxic elements in the sediments.

ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION (2021)

Review Ecology

Plastic as a Vector of Dispersion for Marine Species With Invasive Potential. A Review

Jose Carlos Garcia-Gomez et al.

Summary: Plastic, as a vector for the dispersal of marine species, is widely dispersed in different oceans and ecosystems due to its persistence, buoyancy, and chemical composition variety. Studies have shown that a wide range of potentially invasive species, from macrofauna to toxic microorganisms, can attach to plastic materials and cause significant damage in distant locations from their origin.

FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION (2021)

Article Fisheries

Seasonal variation of microplastics density in Algerian surface waters (South-Western Mediterranean Sea)

Skander Setiti et al.

Summary: This study investigated the presence of microplastics in coastal waters near Algeria, revealing the predominance of fibers, fragments, films, foams, and granules. Qualitative analysis through ATR-FTIR showed that the microplastics were mainly composed of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and other polymers. The data provided an initial overview of the quantity, characteristics, and spatial-temporal distribution of floating microplastics in the Bou-Ismail Bay (Algeria).

MEDITERRANEAN MARINE SCIENCE (2021)

Proceedings Paper Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Microplastics effect on the physicochemical parameters and interaction with spirulina platensis microalgae in Al-Dalmaj Marsh, Iraq

Suhad A. Abed et al.

Summary: Al-Dalmaj Marsh in Iraq is an important brackish water body with abundant fish resources and historical sites, but it is facing microplastic pollution issues that are harmful to organisms.

MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS (2021)

Article Development Studies

Growth Spillovers for the MENA Region: Geography, Institutions, or Trade?

Merve Aksoylar Baysoy et al.

Summary: The study revealed that economic growth in the MENA region is positively influenced by geographically close countries and those with similar institutional characteristics. Trade linkages have a smaller impact on economic growth.

DEVELOPING ECONOMIES (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Evaluation of microplastics in beach sediments along the coast of Dubai, UAE

Huda Aslam et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Distribution and Characterization of Microplastics in Surface Waters and the Southern Caspian Sea Coasts Sediments

Ameneh Mataji et al.

ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Identification of microplastics in the sediments of southern coasts of the Caspian Sea, north of Iran

Ali Mehdinia et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Neustonic microplastic pollution in the Persian Gulf

Kamalodin Kor et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in fishes of commercial and ecological importance from the Western Arabian Gulf

Fadiyah M. Baalkhuyur et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in Kuwait marine environment: Results of first survey

Talat Saeed et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Review Environmental Sciences

A Detailed Review Study on Potential Effects of Microplastics and Additives of Concern on Human Health

Claudia Campanale et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Degradation Rates of Plastics in the Environment

Ali Chamas et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

Review Environmental Sciences

Microplastic particles in the Persian/Arabian Gulf - A review on sampling and identification

Saif Uddin et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Ingestion of microplastics by pelagic fish from the Moroccan Central Atlantic coast

Hind Maaghloud et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic pollution in the littoral sediments of the northern part of the Oman Sea

Kamalodin Kor et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Abundance, composition, and potential intake of microplastics in canned fish

Razegheh Akhbarizadeh et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dataset of pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products occurrence in wetlands of Saudi Arabia

Rodrigo Alvarez-Ruiz et al.

DATA IN BRIEF (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic removal by Red Sea giant clam (Tridacna maxima)

Silvia Arossa et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic

Nicola J. Beaumont et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in commercial molluscs from the lagoon of Bizerte (Northern Tunisia)

Sami Abidli et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in the surface seawaters of Chabahar Bay, Gulf of Oman (Makran Coasts)

Mojgan Khamarzadeh Aliabad et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Wind erosion as a driver for transport of light density microplastics

Mahrooz Rezaei et al.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic pollution in the sediments of Sidi Mansour Harbor in Southeast Tunisia

Khawla Chouchene et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

A baseline assessment of beach macrolitter and microplastics along northeastern Atlantic shores

Nadja Velez et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2019)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Microplastics in sediments and fish from the Red Sea coast at Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)

Sultan Al-Lihaibi et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in different tissues of fish and prawn from the Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf

Sajjad Abbasi et al.

CHEMOSPHERE (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics contamination in molluscs from the northern part of the Persian Gulf

Abolfazl Naji et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2018)

Article Marine & Freshwater Biology

Microplastics in sediments from the littoral zone of the north Tunisian coast (Mediterranean Sea)

Sami Abidli et al.

ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic in the gastrointestinal tract of fishes along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast

Fadiyah M. Baalkhuyur et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic risk assessment in surface waters: A case study in the Changjiang Estuary, China

Pei Xu et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Investigation of microrubbers, microplastics and heavy metals in street dust: a study in Bushehr city, Iran

Sajjad Abbasi et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics and potentially toxic elements in coastal sediments of Iran's main oil terminal (Khark Island)

Razegheh Akhbarizadeh et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2017)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea

Christian Schmidt et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastic pollution in deposited urban dust, Tehran metropolis, Iran

Sharareh Dehghani et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

The occurrence of microplastic contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf, Iran

Abolfazl Naji et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH (2017)

Article Marine & Freshwater Biology

Transport of microplastics in coastal seas

Hua Zhang

ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Baseline evaluation of sediment contamination in the shallow coastal areas of Saudi Arabian Red Sea

Pedro Ruiz-Compean et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in coastal environments of the Arabian Gulf

Oyebamiji Abib Abayomi et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Plastic debris and microplastics along the beaches of the Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf

Abolfazi Naji et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Exceptionally high abundances of microplastics in the oligotrophic Israeli Mediterranean coastal waters

Noam van der Hal et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2017)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made

Roland Geyer et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Prevalence of microplastics in the marine waters of Qatar

Azenith B. Castillo et al.

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The Mediterranean Plastic Soup: synthetic polymers in Mediterranean surface waters

Giuseppe Suaria et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean

Jenna R. Jambeck et al.

SCIENCE (2015)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Plastic Accumulation in the Mediterranean Sea

Andres Cozar et al.

PLOS ONE (2015)

Article Environmental Sciences

Microplastics in Beaches of the East Frisian Islands Spiekeroog and Kachelotplate

Gerd Liebezeit et al.

BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY (2012)

Article Environmental Sciences

Environmental and health hazard ranking and assessment of plastic polymers based on chemical composition

Delilah Lithner et al.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2011)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Spatial Patterns of Plastic Debris along Estuarine Shorelines

Mark A. Browne et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2010)