Structure-effect relationship studies of polysaccharides based on receptor-active centres: an alternative view

Polysaccharides are ubiquitous biomolecules found in nature that have attracted research interest due to their unique nutritional and pharmacological value. Their structural variability is the basis for the diversification of their biological functions, but it also increases the difficulty of polysaccharide research. This review proposes a downscaling strategy and corresponding technologies based on the receptor-active centre. Low molecular weight, high purity, and homogeneous active polysaccharide/oligosaccharide fragments (AP/OFs) obtained by a controlled degradation of polysaccharides and graded activity screening will simplify the study of complex polysaccharides. The historical origins of polysaccharide receptor-active centres are summarized, and the principle-verification processes involved in this hypothesis and their implications for practical use are introduced. Successful cases of emerging technologies will be reviewed in detail and the specific hurdles that AP/OFs pose will be discussed. Finally, we will give an outlook on current limitations and possible future applications of receptor-active centres in the field of polysaccharides.

Automated summary

Polysaccharides are biomolecules that are widely present in nature and have unique nutritional and pharmacological value. The structural diversity of polysaccharides provides a basis for their diverse biological functions, but also poses challenges for their research. This review proposes a downscaled strategy and corresponding technologies based on the receptor-active centre to simplify polysaccharide research. The historical origins, principle verification, and potential future applications of polysaccharide receptor-active centres are discussed.