4.7 Article

Mediated anaerobic system performance, co-metabolizing flora and electron transfer by graphene oxide supported zero-valent iron composite

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ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2023.109631

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Anaerobic wastewater treatment; Zero-valent iron; Graphene oxide; Composite; Co-metabolizing flora; Electron transfer

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In this study, a Fe0/GO composite was used to improve the traditional anaerobic treatment process. Results showed that Fe0/GO enhanced COD removal rate, gas production, and sludge flocculation performance. Furthermore, it altered fermentation type, resulting in increased acetic acid production and reduced propionic acid accumulation. Fe0/GO also had a significant effect on microbial communities, maintaining a stable co-metabolizing microbial community. Additionally, it improved both intracellular and interspecific electron transfer, promoting anaerobic wastewater treatment. This study provides theoretical support for the practical application of anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies.
To enhance the traditional anaerobic treatment process, zero-valent iron (Fe0) and graphene oxide (GO) have recently been used and studied. However, there are drawbacks in using GO and Fe0 alone. In this study, Fe0/GO composite was utilized in anaerobic treatment of high strength wastewater to compensate for the drawbacks, and the promoting effects and the mechanism were investigated. The results verified that Fe0/GO improved COD removal rate and gas production which reached 91.8 % and 511 mL/12 h, respectively, and a better sludge flocculation performance was obtained. Furthermore, the fermentation type was optimized due to alteration of pH and oxidation-reduction potential by Fe0/GO, resulting in increment of acetic acid production and reduction of propionic acid accumulation. A detailed microbial characterization indicated that Fe0/GO had a significant effect on hydrotrophic methanogens (Methanofastidiosum and Methanofastidiosales), increasing from 1.79 % to 24.11 %. The distribution of hydrolytic fermentation bacteria, acetogenic bacteria and methanogens was more balanced and more diverse in the Fe0/GO system, indicating that a stable co-metabolizing microbial community was maintained. Moreover, the highest electron transport system activity and Fe2+ and Fe3+ concentration demonstrated that Fe0/GO could improve the intracellular and interspecific electron transfer. The conductivity, current response, cyclic voltammetry area were the highest and the internal resistance was the lowest, indicating that Fe0/GO could improve the extracellular electron transfer. The stable co-metabolizing microbial community and efficiency intra/extracellular electron transfer promoted the anaerobic wastewater treatment. This study could provide theoretical support for the practical application of developing technologies for anaerobic wastewater treatment.

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