Mild Hyperglycaemia in Hospitalised Children with Moderate COVID-19 Infection

Editorial Material Pediatrics

COVID-19 Vaccines in Young Children-Reassuring Evidence for Parents

Paul. A. A. Offit

JAMA PEDIATRICS (2023)

Review Pediatrics

Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis during COVID-19 pandemic: a meta-analysis of 124,597 children with diabetes

Anas Elgenidy et al.

Summary: This study reveals the increase of pediatric DKA during the COVID-19 pandemic and finds an increase in the severe form of DKA among newly diagnosed T1DM children.

PEDIATRIC RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Patients with Diabetes Experienced More Serious and Protracted Sickness from the COVID-19 Infection: A Prospective Study

Muiez Bashir et al.

Summary: In December 2019, a flu-like illness began in the Chinese city of Wuhan, affecting the lungs. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between Computed Tomographic Severity Score (CTSS) and underlying diabetes mellitus in coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 patients.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2023)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Stress Hyperglycemia Is Independently Associated with Persistent Organ Failure in Acute Pancreatitis

Xinmin Yang et al.

Summary: This study identified optimal blood glucose levels to define stress hyperglycemia in non-diabetic and diabetic acute pancreatitis patients and found a significant relationship between stress hyperglycemia and adverse clinical outcomes.

DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19 in two children with new-onset diabetes: case reports

Ana Lanca et al.

Summary: Delayed diagnosis, low socioeconomic status, and infection have been associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. Fear of COVID-19 and a low socioeconomic status family contributed to the delayed hospital attendance and increased the risk of late diagnosis and challenging disease management.

BMJ CASE REPORTS (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

An insight into the mechanisms of COVID-19, SARS-CoV2 infection severity concerning beta-cell survival and cardiovascular conditions in diabetic patients

Abhay Srivastava et al.

Summary: This review delineates the possible molecular mechanisms behind the increased clinical complications in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who become critically ill with SARS-CoV2 infection. The interaction between diabetes and inflammation, immune imbalance, underlying heart conditions, and impaired ACE-2 receptor function may contribute to severe clinical outcomes and worsened disease progression.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents

Ingrid Libman et al.

PEDIATRIC DIABETES (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Stress hyperglycemia ratio and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes: A prospective, nationwide, and multicentre registry

Kongyong Cui et al.

Summary: This study assessed the predictive value of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) for long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with and without diabetes. The results showed a strong positive association between SHR and long-term mortality in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, suggesting that SHR should be considered a useful marker for risk stratification in these patients.

DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impact of diabetes on COVID-19 prognosis beyond comorbidity burden: the CORONADO initiative

Bertrand Cariou et al.

Summary: This study aims to investigate whether diabetes is a risk factor for COVID-19, independent of age and comorbidities.

DIABETOLOGIA (2022)

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Review Virology

The global impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of pediatric new-onset type 1 diabetes and ketoacidosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Masoud Rahmati et al.

Summary: Viral infections, including COVID-19, may increase the risk of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children. This meta-analysis found a significant increase in the incidence of pediatric new-onset T1D, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and severe DKA during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before. Newly diagnosed T1D children after the pandemic also had higher glucose and HbA1c values.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio as a Prognostic Marker in Diabetic Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Mohamed Aon et al.

Summary: There is conflicting evidence about the diabetes characteristics associated with worse outcome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the role of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) as a prognostic marker. The findings suggest that a higher SHR tertile is significantly associated with worse outcome and in-hospital mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 diabetic patients.

INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among US Parents: A Nationally Representative Survey

E. Adrianne Hammershaimb et al.

Summary: In a nationally representative survey conducted in November 2021, it was found that over 50% of US parents were likely to vaccinate or had already vaccinated their children against COVID-19. The most important factors influencing child COVID-19 vaccine intention were parental COVID-19 vaccination status and belief in the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination.

JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impact of diabetes on COVID-19 mortality and hospital outcomes from a global perspective: An umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis

Stavroula Kastora et al.

Summary: This study is the first umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients with diabetes, including mortality, ICU admission, ventilation requirement, illness severity, and discharge rate. The results show that patients with diabetes have a higher risk of COVID-19-related mortality, increased ICU admissions, and increased ventilation requirements worldwide.

ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES & METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

COVID-19, Hyperglycemia, and New-Onset Diabetes

Kamlesh Khunti et al.

Summary: New-onset diabetes is common among COVID-19 patients and may impact disease severity and outcomes. The underlying mechanisms are complex and require further research. Hospitals should prioritize identification and management of acute hyperglycemia.

DIABETES CARE (2021)

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Review Physiology

COVID-19 and the Differences in Physiological Background Between Children and Adults and Their Clinical Consequences

Lenka Kapustova et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a significant impact on the world, with children showing milder symptoms and higher survival rates when infected with COVID-19, possibly due to their stronger innate immune response. While proposed mechanisms require further verification in larger patient cohorts, our understanding of this aspect continues to evolve.

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Viruses and Metabolism: The Effects of Viral Infections and Viral Insulins on Host Metabolism

Khyati Girdhar et al.

Summary: Viral infections manipulate host metabolic pathways to increase replication and mimic host hormones to affect the endocrine system. These mechanisms create a multidimensional network of interactions between host and viral proteins.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF VIROLOGY, VOL 8 (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Oxidative Stress as a Major Pathophysiological Mechanism Linked to Adverse Clinical Outcomes

Aikaterini Kountouri et al.

Summary: The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and worse outcomes in COVID-19 infection may be linked to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability observed in T1DM patients. Further research is needed to clarify the exact mechanisms by which T1DM contributes to worse COVID-19 outcomes.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Acute and long-term disruption of glycometabolic control after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Laura Montefusco et al.

Summary: Patients with COVID-19 may experience hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, and abnormal glucose metabolism, with these glycaemic abnormalities potentially persisting for at least 2 months after recovery. Further research into metabolic abnormalities in the context of long COVID is warranted.

NATURE METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Physiology

Stress hyperglycemia, cardiac glucotoxicity, and critically ill patient outcomes current clinical and pathophysiological evidence

Marc Scheen et al.

Summary: Stress hyperglycemia is a common phenomenon in critically ill patients, leading to various adverse physiological responses, such as insulin resistance, cellular oxidative damage, and endothelial injury.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS (2021)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism