Effect of a single dose of zoledronic acid on bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in Indian postmenopausal osteoporotic women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus - A prospective cohort pilot study

PurposeThe objectives were to study the effect of a single dose of intravenous (IV) zoledronic acid (ZA) on changes in bone mineral density (BMD) (lumbar spine (LS), hip, & distal forearm), trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women with and without diabetes over 12 months.MethodsPatients were divided into two groups: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 40) and non-DM (n = 40). Both groups received a single dose of 4 mg IV ZA at baseline. The BMD with TBS and BTMs (& beta;-CTX, sclerostin, P1NP) were measured at baseline, six months, and 12 months.ResultsAt baseline, BMD in all three sites was similar in both groups. T2DM patients were older and had lower BTMs than non-DM patients. The mean increase in LS-BMD (gram/cm(2)) at 12 months in T2DM and the non-DM group was 3.6 & PLUSMN; 4.7% and 6.2 & PLUSMN; 4.7 %, respectively (P = 0.01). However, the age adjusted mean difference in LS BMD increment between two groups at one year was - 2.86 % (-5.02% to -0.69%), P = 0.01. There was a comparable change in BMD at other two sites, BTMs, and TBS in both the groups over one year follow-up.ConclusionThe gain in the LS-BMD was significantly lower in T2DM group compared to non-DM subjects over 12 months after a single IV infusion of 4 mg ZA. The explanation for this could be low bone turnover in diabetes subjects at baseline.

Automated summary

The study aimed to investigate the effect of a single dose of intravenous zoledronic acid (ZA) on changes in bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS), and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women with and without diabetes. The results showed that the gain in lumbar spine BMD was significantly lower in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group compared to the non-diabetes group over 12 months. This may be attributed to lower bone turnover in diabetes subjects at baseline.