Single-few-single mode fiber structure for simultaneous measurement for curvature and temperature assisted by intensity-correlated pulse twin beams

In this work, a quantum-enhanced fiber optic sensor combining single-few-single (SFS) mode fiber structure and two-mode squeezed state light source is proposed. This sandwiched structure is prepared using the fusion way without offset, which can ensure the stability of the transmission process and transmission mode. Next, the above prepared sensor is tested by the two sensing quantities: curvature and temperature, respectively. The following experimental results have been realized: in the curvature sensing, signal-noise ratio (SNR) is enhanced by a maximal factor of 0.72 dB compared with double-channel light source under the balanced measurement condition. Under the unbalanced measurement condition, SNR and the measured sensing sensitivity are enhanced by the maximal factors of 1.69 dB and 1.36 dB/m-1 respectively compared with double-channel light source. In the temperature sensing, under the balanced measurement condition, SNR is enhanced by a maximal factor of 1.62 dB with respect to double-channel light source. Under the unbalanced measurement condition, SNR is enhanced by a maximal factor of 0.78 dB relative to double-channel light source. Therefore, our present study opens a new avenue for quantum-enhanced sensing based on interference effect from SFS mode fiber structure.

Automated summary

In this study, a quantum-enhanced fiber optic sensor combining single-few-single (SFS) mode fiber structure and two-mode squeezed state light source is proposed. The sandwiched structure is prepared using the fusion way without offset, ensuring stability of the transmission process and mode. The sensor is tested for curvature and temperature sensing, achieving enhanced signal-noise ratio (SNR) and sensing sensitivity compared to a double-channel light source.