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Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
B. Duran et al.
Summary: The proton, composed of quarks and gluons, is one of the fundamental building blocks of visible matter in the Universe. Previous research focused on the electric charge radius of the proton, while little was known about the mass density dominated by gluons. This study investigated the gravitational density of gluons using a small color dipole and determined the gluonic gravitational form factors of the proton. The results showed a notably smaller mass radius than the electric charge radius, and in some cases, the determined radius agreed well with theoretical predictions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Edward Shuryak et al.
Summary: This paper is part of our series of papers on quark models of hadronic structure on the light front, motivated by the QCD vacuum structure and lattice results. The focus of this paper is on the importance of diquark correlations, which are described by a quasilocal four-fermion effective 't Hooft interaction induced by instantons. This same interaction is also shown to generate extra quark-antiquark pairs of the sea. The inclusion of higher order iteration through pion mediation, along with the quark-antiquark pairs, provide a quantitative description of the observed flavor asymmetry of antiquarks sea. Finally, the paper discusses the final step needed to bridge the gap between hadronic spectroscopy and parton observables, which is the forward DGLAP evolution towards the chiral upper scale of similar to 1 GeV2.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Edward Shuryak et al.
Summary: This paper is the second one on hadronic wave functions in the light-front formulation. The authors first investigate confinement effects using the classical Nambu-Gotto string with massive end points in the light-cone gauge. They derive the light-front Hamiltonian and propose a solution method based on basis function expansions. The paper then discusses the correlators of Wilson lines on the light front and develops an effective Hamiltonian including spin effects. Finally, the authors consider the instanton-induced interactions as a massless Goldstone mode on the light front.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Edward Shuryak et al.
Summary: This paper is a continuation of our series of papers on quark models of hadronic structure on the light front. The main focus of this paper is the quantum-mechanical solution of the three-quark model Hamiltonian for baryons. By using a harmonic oscillator basis for the transverse directions in Jacobi coordinates, and solving the triangular cup potential exactly for the longitudinal momentum fractions xi, we calculate the masses and light-front wave functions for the flavor symmetric 3 thorn baryons bbb, ccc, sss, uuu.
Review
Physics, Nuclear
R. Abdul Khalek et al.
Summary: This report describes the physics case, detector requirements, and evolving detector concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) experimental program. The EIC will be a new facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to regions dominated by gluons. The use of polarized beams in the EIC will allow for unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of particles. The report aims to advance the physics program and develop detector concepts that meet the requirements for the EIC.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shohini Bhattacharya et al.
Summary: Traditionally, lattice QCD computations of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) have been carried out in a symmetric frame. In this work, a quasidistribution approach is proposed to perform lattice QCD calculations of GPDs in asymmetric frames, which leads to faster and more effective computations. The Lorentz covariant parametrization of matrix elements and a new definition of quasi-GPDs are used to relate matrix elements in different frames and reduce power corrections. Numerical calculations are performed, demonstrating the efficacy of the formalism and obtaining results for the twist-2 light-cone GPDs H and E for unpolarized quarks.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiangdong Ji et al.
Summary: The large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) offers a new way to extract parton physics from proton properties through Lorentz symmetry. It provides an alternative to the standard formalism of partons by allowing for the extraction of various partonic observables through effective field theory matching and running. Future lattice QCD calculations could further enhance our understanding of hadronic structure and experimental data related to proton parton distribution.
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Daniele P. Anderle et al.
Summary: The EicC project in China proposes to construct an Electron-ion collider based on an upgraded heavy-ion accelerator, providing highly polarized electrons and protons with variable center of mass energies. The main goals include precise measurements of nucleon structure, partonic structure of nuclei, interaction with nuclear environment, and exotic states with heavy flavor quark contents. A hermetical detector system with cutting-edge technologies will be constructed to achieve these physics goals.
FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Guy F. de Teramond et al.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2018)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
Maxim V. Polyakov et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2018)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiangdong Ji
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2013)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ph. Haegler et al.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
AV Belitsky et al.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2005)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M Guidal et al.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
XD Ji et al.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2004)
