期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 6, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/srep24056
关键词
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资金
- National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB821500]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21522404, 21174101, 11574222]
- Project for Jiangsu Scientific and Technological Innovation Team
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
Melting is considered to be one of the most fundamental problems in physical science. Generally, dimensionality plays an important role in melting. In three-dimension, it's well known that a crystal melts directly into a liquid via a first-order transition. In two-dimension (2D), however, the melting process has been widely debated whether it is a first-order transition or a two-step transition with an intermediate hexatic phase. Experimentally 2D melting has been intensively studied in equilibrium systems such as molecular and colloidal crystals, but rarely been explored in non-equilibrium system such as granular materials. In this paper, we experimentally studied the 2D melting in a driven granular model system at single particle level using video recording and particle tracking techniques. Measurements of orientational/translational correlation functions show evidences that the melting is a two-step transition. A novel concept of orientational/translational susceptibilities enable us to clearly resolve the intermediate hexatic phase. Our results are in excellent agreement with the two-step melting scenario predicted by KTHNY theory, and demonstrate that the KTHNY melting scenario can be extended to non-equilibrium systems.
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