Analysis of the Promoter Regions of gga-miR-31 and Its Regulation by RA and C-jun in Chicken

The role of gga-miR-31 in chicken germ cell differentiation and spermatogenesis is of significant importance. The transcriptional properties of gga-miR-31 are crucial in establishing the foundation for the formation of chicken spermatogonia stem cells and spermatogenesis. In this study, a series of recombinant vectors including varying lengths of the gga-miR-31 promoter were predicted and constructed. Through the utilization of the dual luciferase reporting system, the upstream -2180 similar to 0 bp region of gga-miR-31 was identified as its promoter region. Furthermore, it was predicted and confirmed that the activity of the gga-miR-31 promoter is increased by retinoic acid (RA). The binding of RA to the gga-miR-31 and Stra8 promoter regions was found to be competitive. Through the deletion of C-jun binding sites and the manipulation of C-jun expression levels, it was determined that C-jun inhibits the activity of the gga-miR-31 promoter. Furthermore, the combined treatment of C-jun and RA demonstrated that the positive regulatory effect of RA on the gga-miR-31 promoter is attenuated in the presence of high levels of C-jun. Overall, this study establishes a foundation for further investigation into the regulatory mechanisms of gga-miR-31 action, and provides a new avenue for inducing chicken embryonic stem cells (ESC) to differentiate into spermatogonial stem cells (SSC), and sperm formation.

Automated summary

The role of gga-miR-31 in chicken germ cell differentiation and spermatogenesis is crucial. This study identified the promoter region of gga-miR-31 and found that retinoic acid (RA) increases its promoter activity. C-jun was discovered to inhibit the activity of the gga-miR-31 promoter, and the positive regulatory effect of RA on the promoter was attenuated in the presence of high levels of C-jun. This study provides insight into the regulatory mechanisms of gga-miR-31 and offers a new approach for inducing chicken embryonic stem cells (ESC) to differentiate into spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) and sperm formation.