4.7 Article

Potential for supply temperature reduction of existing district heating substations

相关参考文献

注意:仅列出部分参考文献,下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Fifth-generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of recent advancements and implementation barriers

Kristian Gjoka et al.

Summary: As urbanization continues to increase globally, it is essential to provide urban areas with low emissions energy in order to fight climate change. Fifth-generation district heating and cooling systems (5GDHC) offer a promising solution by operating at near ambient temperature, integrating renewable energy sources and waste heat recovery effectively. However, there is limited knowledge about the environmental performance and scarce planning and design guidelines for 5GDHC systems, hindering their development and adoption.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2023)

Article Energy & Fuels

Optimal Installation of Heat Pumps in Large District Heating Networks

Martina Capone et al.

Summary: This paper aims to demonstrate how the economic and environmental benefits of installing a large-scale heat pump in existing district heating systems vary in different scenarios. It presents an integrated methodology that includes a physical model of the district heating network and a detailed modeling of the heat pump, using exergy analysis to compare different positions and operating conditions. A specific control strategy for the mass-flow rate is also analyzed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Results applied to a real district heating network show that installing a 4 MWe heat pump can reduce CO2 emissions by almost 4% (over a total thermal load of about 305 MWt), but this effect can be significantly reduced if the heat pump is placed in non-optimal locations.

ENERGIES (2023)

Article Thermodynamics

Fault and anomaly detection in district heating substations: A survey on methodology and data sets

Martin Neumayer et al.

Summary: District heating systems are crucial for low-carbon heat supply, and the detection and elimination of faults are important for their efficiency. Most studies focus on unsupervised anomaly detection rather than fault detection due to a lack of labeled data sets. To facilitate accurate comparison and competition, future research should concentrate on establishing publicly available data sets and industry-relevant benchmarks.

ENERGY (2023)

Article Energy & Fuels

Modelling of waste heat integration into an existing district heating network operating at different supply temperatures

Jan Stock et al.

Summary: A district heating model with multiple heat sources is developed to study the integration of waste heat and the effects of reduced supply temperatures. The results show that waste heat integration is possible up to 40% in the investigated district heating system, but lowering the supply temperature leads to more challenges with bottlenecks and insufficient supply to buildings.

SMART ENERGY (2023)

Article Energy & Fuels

Variable cost evaluation of heating plants in district heating systems considering the temperature impact

Peter Lorenzen et al.

Summary: This study introduces a method to evaluate the average variable costs of heating plants supplying district heating systems, demonstrating the impact of different set-points for supply temperature and thermal power on production costs. The method increases cost transparency and should be used as a variable in optimizing district heating systems.

APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Thermal retrofitting for sustainable use of traditional dwellings in Mediterranean climate of southwestern Anatolia

Baris Ali Timur et al.

Summary: The thermal retrofitting implementations are essential for preserving the functional sustainability of historical buildings. Various interventions like thermal insulation works, airtightness measures, and addition of secondary glazing to windows can significantly improve energy efficiency. When combined, these interventions can save up to 26.5% of building energy consumption in urban areas and 30.4% in rural areas, with potential for further improvement with the integration of modern HVAC systems.

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS (2022)

Review Thermodynamics

Low-temperature operation of heating systems to enable 4th generation district heating: A review

Dorte Skaarup Ostergaard et al.

Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of low-temperature heating, discussing its feasibility, temperature demands, and methods for reducing supply and return temperatures. It recommends key measures such as automatic balancing systems, novel solutions for domestic hot water supply, and digitally-enabled performance monitoring and optimal control.

ENERGY (2022)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Role of sustainable heat sources in transition towards fourth generation district heating-A review

A. M. Jodeiri et al.

Summary: This article reviews the challenges and limitations of integrating solar thermal, waste heat, geothermal, and biomass energy sources into district heating systems, and identifies the technical and non-technical difficulties associated with this integration.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2022)

Article Thermodynamics

Energy, exergy and economic investigation of operating temperature impacts on district heating systems: Transition from high to low-temperature networks

Halil Ibrahim Topal et al.

Summary: District Heating (DH) systems are gaining popularity worldwide due to their remarkable techno-economic benefits. Lowering the operating temperatures increases the efficiency of the CHP-supplied DH system and reduces the associated costs for space heating and domestic hot water supply.

ENERGY (2022)

Article Thermodynamics

Network configurations for implemented low-temperature district heating

Sven Werner

Summary: This paper presents the findings and conclusions from an inventory of network configurations implemented in several early projects concerning low-temperature district heating systems, which were implemented in both existing and new networks. The main feature is the choice between a cold or warm network for heat distribution, and the suitability of each network configuration depends on the temperatures of the available heat sources. Fourteen possible network configurations were identified for low-temperature district heating.

ENERGY (2022)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Automatic modelling of buildings and thermal substations for large district heating systems

Elisa Guelpa et al.

Summary: This study proposes a method to simulate the thermal behavior of buildings and substations connected to district heating networks, requiring only temperature, mass flow rate, and building volume data for model creation. The model's main strength lies in its applicability to a wide range of district heating systems with only basic data requirements, making it suitable for large networks with thousands of substations. Results indicate that the model can accurately simulate the effects of modifications in district heating system operations with average errors lower than 5%.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2021)

Article Thermodynamics

Accounting for pipeline thermal capacity in district heating simulations

Martina Capone et al.

Summary: This paper studies the impact of heat capacities on the thermal response of systems, presenting and comparing four different models. It concludes that the equivalent one-equation model is capable of producing accurate solutions in significantly reduced computational time. When applied to the Turin district heating network, this simplified model shows great potential for efficient and accurate results.

ENERGY (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Successful implementation of low temperature district heating case studies

Dietrich Schmidt et al.

Summary: Low temperature district heating is considered as a key technology for integrating renewable energy and waste heat sources in energy systems to achieve climate goals. These systems have been proven to be feasible, efficient, and reliable under various conditions, but there are challenges that require further research on innovative heating concepts.

ENERGY REPORTS (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Identification of key performance indicators and complimentary load profiles for 5th generation district energy networks

Michael-Allan Millar et al.

Summary: Implementing renewable heating on a large scale is crucial for achieving Net Zero 2050 emission targets. Utilizing 5th generation district heating networks for energy sharing can significantly reduce carbon emissions and energy cost equivalent, with low temperature district heating networks potentially providing greater economic benefits with appropriate thermal storage and time of use tariffs. Developers should define whether their primary goal is carbon saving or profit making, as these objectives are challenging to achieve synergistically.

APPLIED ENERGY (2021)

Article Thermodynamics

Integration of storage and thermal demand response to unlock flexibility in district multi-energy systems

Martina Capone et al.

Summary: This study proposes an innovative optimization approach for energy systems composed of multiple small units, based on a two-level method including a physical model of district heating network. Results show that thermal storage installation can reduce costs.

ENERGY (2021)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe

Simone Buffa et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2019)

Article Thermodynamics

Optimal Operation of District Heating Networks Through Demand Response

M. Capone et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMODYNAMICS (2019)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

On the road to low temperature district heating

Adam Cenian et al.

III ALTERNATIVE FUELS FORUM (2019)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Transition to the 4th generation district heating - possibilities, bottlenecks, and challenges

Haoran Li et al.

16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING, DHC2018 (2018)

Article Thermodynamics

International review of district heating and cooling

Sven Werner

ENERGY (2017)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Review of district heating and cooling systems for a sustainable future

Andrew Lake et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2017)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Low Temperature District Heating for Future Energy Systems

Dietrich Schmidt et al.

15TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING (DHC15-2016) (2017)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Transition to low temperature distribution in existing systems

Miika Rama et al.

15TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING (DHC15-2016) (2017)

Article Energy & Fuels

Prosumers in district heating networks - A Swedish case study

Lisa Brange et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2016)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Theoretical overview of heating power and necessary heating supply temperatures in typical Danish single-family houses from the 1900s

Dorte Skaarup Ostergaard et al.

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS (2016)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Socioeconomic potential for introducing large-scale heat pumps in district heating in Denmark

Rasmus Lund et al.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2016)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Experimental study of energy performance in low-temperature hydronic heating systems

Arefeh Hesaraki et al.

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS (2015)