Synthesis and characterization of N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II) chlorides-1-methylindazole and-1-methylpyrazole complexes and their catalytic activity toward C-N coupling of aryl chlorides

A series of N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II) chlorides-1-methylindazole and -1-methylpyrazole complexes was successfully synthesized and fully characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. In addition, initial investigations of their catalytic activity showed that they were efficient catalysts in the C-N coupling of primary and secondary amines with aryl chlorides at low catalyst loadings.