Dual tuning of 1 D heteroatoms doped porous carbon nanoarchitectures for supercapacitors: the role of balanced P/N doping and core@shell nano-networks

Heteroatoms dual-doped carbon with three dimensional interconnected architecture is a promising candidate as electrode for high performance energy storage, but the rational design and cost-effective preparation of such materials is still a challenge. Herein, intriguing P and N co-doped porous CNT@carbon core@shell nano-networks (PN-CNTs) have been facilely achieved by a one-step carbonization process of N containing CNT@polymer with triphenylphosphine (TPP). Significantly, such interesting structure provides the synergistic effects of the 3D interconnected networks consisting of 1D core-shell structure (offering continuous pathway for electron transport), hierarchical porous texture (acting as ion-buffering reservoirs) and P and N dual-doped (optimizing the electron donor/acceptor characteristics of carbon). With the advantages of heteroatoms dual-doping effect and rational interconnected porous structure, the PN-CNTs exhibit an ultra-high specific capacitance of 332.56 F g(-1), much higher than N-doped carbon@carbon nanotubes (284 F g(-1)) and CNTs (32 F g(-1)), good rate capability and a robust cycling performance (almost no capacity fading even after 8000 cycles). The present work provides a novel passway to engineering multi-heteroatoms doped carbon with hierarchical nanoarchitectures through a facile and general route for high-performance renewable energy storage.