期刊
NUTRIENTS
卷 8, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu8120795
关键词
ghrelin; sweet taste receptor; glucose; sweeteners; gustducin
资金
- University of Leuven for research on The Brain-Gut Axis in Heath and Disease: from Mucosal Integrity to Cortical Processing
- Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology
Carbohydrate administration decreases plasma levels of the 'hunger hormone' ghrelin. The ghrelin cell is co-localized with the sweet taste receptor subunit, TAS1R3, and the gustatory G-protein, gustducin, both involved in the sensing of sweeteners by entero-endocrine cells. This study investigated the role of gustducin-mediated sweet taste receptor signaling on ghrelin secretion in a gastric ghrelinoma cell line, tissue segments and mice. The monosaccharide D-glucose and low-intensity sweetener oligofructose (OFS) decreased (p < 0.001) ghrelin secretion while the high-intensity sweetener sucralose increased (p < 0.001) ghrelin secretion in vitro. These effects were not mediated via the sweet taste receptor or glucose transporters (the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT-1 and GLUT2). The effect of these compounds was mimicked ex vivo in gastric and jejunal segments from both wild type (WT) and alpha-gustducin knockout (alpha-gust(-/-)) mice. In vivo, the sensing of D-glucose was polarized since intragastric but not intravenous administration of D-glucose decreased (p < 0.05) ghrelin levels in an alpha-gustducin independent manner which involved inhibition of duodenal ghrelin release. In contrast, neither OFS nor sucralose affected ghrelin secretion in vivo. In conclusion, alpha-gustducin-mediated sweet taste receptor signaling does not play a functional role in the sensing of carbohydrates, or low- or high-intensity sweeteners by the ghrelin cell.
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