期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12022
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation [DMR 1504702]
- Research Corporation for Science Advancement through a Scialog Award
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [1252521]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund at Binghamton University [PRF 52827-DNI10]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [1504702] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The rapid insertion and extraction of Li-ions from a cathode material is imperative for the functioning of a Li-ion battery. In many cathode materials such as LiCoO2, lithiation proceeds through solid-solution formation, whereas in other materials such as LiFePO4 lithiation/delithiation is accompanied by a phase transition between Li-rich and Li-poor phases. We demonstrate using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) that in individual nanowires of layered V2O5, lithiation gradients observed on Li-ion intercalation arise from electron localization and local structural polarization. Electrons localized on the V2O5 framework couple to local structural distortions, giving rise to small polarons that serves as a bottleneck for further Li-ion insertion. The stabilization of this polaron impedes equilibration of charge density across the nanowire and gives rise to distinctive domains. The enhancement in charge/discharge rates for this material on nanostructuring can be attributed to circumventing challenges with charge transport from polaron formation.
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