期刊
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
卷 69, 期 2, 页码 183-188出版社
SPRINGER INDIA
DOI: 10.1007/s12666-015-0793-4
关键词
9-12 % Cr steels; Z-phase; Creep strength; Alloy design
Creep strength improvements of martensitic 9 % Cr steels have been obtained by controlled additions of V, Nb, N and B to the steels, which resulted in precipitation hardening by fine stable nitrides based on V and Nb as well as in stabilization of Cr carbides against coarsening. The best steels P92 and FB2 are now used in power plants up to 600-620 A degrees C steam temperature. For higher steam temperatures up to 650 A degrees C steels with 11-12 % Cr are needed for better resistance against steam oxidation. However, fine V and Nb based nitrides may transform to coarse Z-phase [Cr(V,Nb)N] nitrides in steels with such Cr contents, leading to a strength loss in long-term creep. The paper presents the status of development of new stable 12 Cr steels based on the concepts of either strengthening by fine Z-phase nitrides or on elimination of nitrides from the steels.
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